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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 541-552.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14090

• REVIEW •     Next Articles

On the green and light-simplified and mechanized cultivation of cotton in a cotton-based double cropping system

ZHENG Shu-Feng*(), LIU Xiao-Ling, WANG Wei, XU Dao-Qing, KAN Hua-Chun, CHEN Min, LI Shu-Ying   

  1. Cotton Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
  • Received:2021-05-12 Accepted:2021-07-26 Online:2022-03-12 Published:2021-08-03
  • Contact: ZHENG Shu-Feng E-mail:zhengsf@188.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0201900);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-15-37);Anhui Agriculture Research System in Rapeseed and Cotton(AHCARS-04);AAAS Scientific and Technological Innovation Project(2021YL032)

Abstract:

There are many prominent problems or challenges in the traditional cotton production under the cotton-based double cropping system, which include complex planting pattern and cumbersome cultivation technology, long growth period, low degree of mechanization, heavy inputs of labor, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and the resulted low economic benefits. After nearly 10 years of researches and practice, China has established and applied the green and light-simplified and mechanized cultivation technology of cotton in a cotton-based double cropping system, namely the green production with reduced chemical fertilizers and pesticides, light and simplified field management, and mechanized production by using mechanics instead of labors. Based on the author's research and relevant research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarizes and reviews the basic concept, the technical route, the key technologies and theoretical basis of the green, light and mechanized cultivation of cotton under the cotton-based double cropping system. The core contents of the technology are one-time sowing by machinery (direct one seed precision sowing by machinery under no-tillage instead of cotton seedling transplanting, simultaneous sowing of seed and fertilizer, no thinning and no seedling replenishment), no pruning (avoid removal of vegetative branches and manual topping through close planting and chemical regulation to shape reasonable plant type and maturity), and one-time mechanical harvesting (establish a centralized fruiting population structure through comprehensive regulation and control) to save labor by 70%; Using cotton varieties with early maturity or mid-early maturity, reasonably higher plant density, one-off deep-soil application of controlled-release fertilizer and spraying fertilizer by UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) with water-soluble fertilizer for foliage, which can save fertilizer by 50%; and by making use of the resistance of insect-resistant cotton varieties, sowing late at an appropriate time to shorten cotton growth period, and control pests and diseases by using food or sex induced inducers, biological pesticides, insecticidal lamps, and UAV, which can save pesticide by 40%. Compared with traditional technologies, this technology has greatly reduced the labor inputs in cotton production, the substitution rate of agricultural machinery for labor has reached 60%, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizer has increased by more than 11.2%, and the economic benefit has increased by 30%. It also alleviates the non-point source pollution caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizer and pesticides, and provides technical support for promoting the fundamental reform of cotton production mode.

Key words: reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, mechanized seeding and harvesting, green cultivation, mechanization cultivation, cotton in a double cropping system

Fig. 1

Technical route of for the green and light-simplified and mechanized cultivation of cotton in a cotton-based double cropping system"

Fig. 2

Ten keywords of the green and light-simplified and mechanized cultivation of cotton in a cotton-based double cropping system"

Fig. 3

Four critical nodes of the green and light-simplified and mechanized cultivation of cotton in a cotton-based double cropping system"

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