利用功能标记揭示新疆小麦改良品种与地方品种的遗传变异

简大为, 周阳, 刘宏伟, 杨丽, 买春艳, 于立强, 韩新年, 张宏军, 李洪杰

Functional Markers Reveal Genetic Variations in Wheat Improved Cultivars and Landraces from Xinjiang

Da-Wei JIAN, Yang ZHOU, Hong-Wei LIU, Li YANG, Chun-Yan MAI, Li-Qiang YU, Xin-Nian HAN, Hong-Jun ZHANG, Hong-Jie LI

表1 新疆改良品种和地方品种与适应性、品质和粒重性状相关基因等位变异分布频率比较

Table 1 Comparison of allele frequencies at the loci associated with adaptation, quality and kernel weight in the wheat cultivars and the landraces from Xinjiang

基因 Gene 基因座 Locus 等位基因 Allele 全部All 冬性Winter 春性Spring 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace 适应性 Adaptation Rht Rht-B1 Rht-B1a 20.3 100.0 16.1 100.0 23.3 100.0 Rht-B1b 79.7 0 83.9 0 76.7 0 Rht-D1 Rht-D1a 84.8 100.0 91.4 100.0 79.5 100.0 Rht-D1b 15.2 0 8.6 0 20.5 0 VRN Vrn-A1 Vrn-A1 39.2 5.8 0 0 70.5 93.3 vrn-A1 60.8 94.2 100.0 100.0 29.5 6.7 Vrn-B1 Vrn-B1 39.2 44.0 0 0 70.5 47.8 vrn-B1 60.8 56.0 100.0 100.0 29.5 52.2 Vrn-D1 Vrn-D1a 20.5 80.0 0.0 0.0 37.2 93.0 Vrn-D1b 1.7 0 2.9 0 0 0 vrn-D1 78.2 20.0 97.1 100.0 62.8 7.0 Vrn-B3 Vrn-B3 0 0 0 0 0 0 vrn-B3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Ppd Ppd-A1 Ppd-A1a 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Ppd-A1b 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ppd-B1 Ppd-B1a 0 0 0 0 0 0 基因 Gene 基因座 Locus 等位基因 Allele 全部All 冬性Winter 春性Spring 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace 改良品种 Improved cultivar 地方品种 Landrace Ppd-B1b 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Ppd-D1 Ppd-D1a 77.6 4.1 55.9 0 95.1 4.8 Ppd-D1b 22.4 95.9 44.1 100.0 4.9 95.2 T1BL·1RS Sec-1 T1BL·1RS 16.5 0 11.4 0 20.5 0 Non T1BL·1RS 83.5 100.0 88.6 100.0 79.5 100.0 品质 Quality Glu-1 Glu-D1 Dx5+Dy10 35.4 1.8 22.9 16.7 45.5 0 Dx2+Dy12 64.6 98.2 77.1 83.3 54.5 100.0 Lox TaLox-B1 TaLox-B1a 20.0 0 37.1 0 5.0 0 TaLox-B1b 80.0 100.0 62.9 100.0 95.0 100.0 Pin Pinb-D1 Pinb-D1a 75.0 91.7 56.3 50.0 91.7 97.6 Pinb-D1b 25.0 8.3 43.8 50.0 8.3 2.4 Ppo Ppo-A1 Ppo-A1a 78.1 48.6 60.9 50.0 88.1 48.5 Ppo-A1b 21.9 51.4 39.1 50.0 11.9 51.5 Ppo-D1 Ppo-D1a 3.7 0 0 0 6.7 0 Ppo-D1b 96.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 93.3 100.0 Psy Psy-A1 Psy-A1a 89.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 82.6 100.0 Psy-A1b 10.4 0 0 0 17.4 0 Psy-B1 Psy-B1c 58.8 55.0 100.0 100.0 30.0 52.6 Psy-B1d 41.2 45.0 0 0 70.0 47.4 Psy1-D1 Psy1-D1a 84.4 55.6 80.0 100.0 88.1 48.9 Psy1-D1g 15.6 44.4 20.0 0 11.9 51.1 粒重 Kernel weight CWI TaCwi-A1 TaCwi-A1a 63.3 22.8 40.0 14.3 81.8 24.0 TaCwi-A1b 36.7 77.2 60.0 85.7 18.2 76.0 TaCWI-4A Hap-4A-C 66.2 83.7 54.5 66.7 77.1 86.0 Hap-4A-T 33.8 16.3 45.5 33.3 22.9 14.0 TaCWI-5D Hap-5D-C 93.7 85.5 88.6 71.4 97.7 87.5 Hap-5D-G 6.3 14.5 11.4 28.6 2.3 12.5 GS1 TaGS1a Hap-1 22.1 39.0 40.7 0.0 9.8 42.1 Hap-2 77.9 61.0 59.3 100.0 90.2 57.9 GS3 TaGS-D1 TaGS-D1a 78.5 64.0 80.0 57.1 77.3 65.1 TaGS-D1b 21.5 36.0 20.0 42.9 22.7 34.9 GS5 TaGS5-A1 TaGS5-A1a 50.0 88.7 39.3 83.3 58.3 89.4 TaGS5-A1b 50.0 11.3 60.7 16.7 41.7 10.6 Sus-2 TaSus2-2B Hap-L 86.8 100.0 66.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 Hap-H 13.2 0 33.3 0 0 0 TGW6 TaTGW6-A1 TaTGW6-A1a 92.1 55.1 87.9 20.0 95.3 59.1 TaTGW6-A1b 7.9 44.9 12.1 80.0 4.7 40.9