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杨志远,李娜,马鹏,严田蓉,何艳,蒋明金,吕腾飞,李郁,郭翔,胡蓉,郭长春,孙永健,马均
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Zhi-Yuan YANG,Na LI,Peng MA,Tian-Rong YAN,Yan HE,Ming-Jin JIANG,Teng-Fei LYU,Yu LI,Xiang GUO,Rong HU,Chang-Chun GUO,Yong-Jian SUN,Jun MA
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水氮管理模式
Nitrogen-water
management mode | 氮肥管理
Nitrogen management | 水分管理
Water management | 农民习惯模式
FU | 150 kg hm-2 N按m基: m蘖=7 : 3分别于移栽前1 d和移栽后7 d施用。
150 kg hm-2 of N fertilizer was applied according to the ratio of m (basal fertilizer) : m (tillering fertilizer) = 7 : 3, at 1 d before and 7 d after transplanting. | 淹水灌溉: 水稻移栽后田面一直保持1~3 cm水层, 收获前1周自然落干。
Flood irrigation: after rice transplanting, a 1-3 cm water layer was always maintained above the surface of the paddy fields and dried naturally at 1 week before harvest. | 农民习惯模式对照
CTF | 水稻季不施 N。
No N was applied in rice season. | 淹水灌溉。
Flood irrigation. | 水肥耦合模式
NWC | 150 kg hm-2 N按m基:m蘖:m穗=3 : 3 : 4分别于移栽前1 d、移栽后7 d、倒四叶及倒二叶期(穗肥分2次)施用。
150 kg hm-2 of N fertilizer was applied according to the ratio of m (base fertilizer) : m (tillering fertilizer) : m (panicle fertilizer) = 3 : 3 : 4, at 1 d before and 7 d after transplanting, and at the reciprocal 4th and 2nd leaf stages (panicle fertilizer was divided into 2 portions). | 控制性灌溉: 浅水(1 cm左右)栽秧, 移栽后5~7 d田间保持2 cm水层确保秧苗返青成活, 之后至孕穗前田面不保持水层, 土壤含水量为饱和含水量的70%~80%, 无效分蘖期晒田; 孕穗期土表保持1~3 cm水层; 抽穗至成熟期采用灌透水、自然落干至土壤水势为-25 kPa时再灌水。
Controlled irrigation: transplanting was done in shallow water (~1 cm), a 2 cm water layer was maintained in the fields to 5-7 d after transplanting to ensure that the seedlings turned green and survival, after that, drained surface water and maintained a soil moisture of 70%-80% of saturated water content before booting stage, the fields were dried during the ineffective tillering stage, a 1-3 cm water layer was maintained above the soil surface during the booting stage, and performed alternate wetting and drying irrigation from heading to maturity (irrigated to 1-3 cm water and dried naturally to the soil water potential of -25 kPa). | 水肥耦合模式对照
CTN | 水稻季不施N。
No N was applied in rice season. | 控制性灌溉。
Controlled irrigation. | 水肥“三匀”模式
MNWD | 15、15、30、15、15、15和 15 kg hm-2 (合计120 kg hm-2) N分别于移栽后 7、14、35、49、56、70和 77 d施用。
15, 15, 30, 15, 15, 15, and 15 kg hm-2 (total 120 kg hm-2) of N fertilizer were applied at 7, 14, 35, 49, 56, 70, and 77 d after transplanting. | “匀水”管理: 浅水(1 cm左右)栽秧, 随后利用水肥一体化设备将施肥与灌水同步进行, 若灌水施肥时田面有水层则灌水量以水面升高1 cm左右为宜, 若灌水施肥时田面无水层则灌水至土壤饱和即可; 非施肥时间段若田面裂口超过2 cm亦补灌至土壤饱和。
Uniform water management: transplanting was done in shallow water (~1 cm), nitrogen-water synchronization equipment was used to fertilize and irrigate the fields simultaneously, if there was already a water layer in the fields, the amount of irrigation water applied increased the layer by ~1 cm. If there was no existing water layer, irrigation was done until soil saturation, during non-fertilizing periods, irrigation water was replenished until soil saturation whenever the fields’ surface cracks larger than 2 cm appeared. | 水肥“三匀”模式对照
CTM | 水稻季不施 N。
No N was applied in rice season. | “匀水”管理。
Uniform water management. |
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