丛枝菌根真菌对玉米籽粒产量和氮素吸收的影响

张学林, 李晓立, 何堂庆, 张晨曦, 田明慧, 吴梅, 周亚男, 郝晓峰, 杨青华

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on grain yield and nitrogen uptake in maize

ZHANG Xue-Lin, LI Xiao-Li, HE Tang-Qing, ZHANG Chen-Xi, TIAN Ming-Hui, WU Mei, ZHOU Ya-Nan, HAO Xiao-Feng, YANG Qing-Hua

表1 玉米籽粒产量、植株生物量、氮素积累量和根系特性的方差分析

Table 1 Analysis of variance of N fertilization, straw and mycorrhizae on maize grain yield, plant biomass, N accumulation, and root properties

项目 Item	年份 Year	氮肥处理 Nitrogen (N)	秸秆处理 Straw (S)	菌根处理 Mycorrhizae (M)	N × S	N × M	S × M	N × S × M
产量Yield (g plant^-1)	2016	431.97^***	18.38^***	204.09^***	1.19	6.36^**	10.93^***	4.62^*
产量Yield (g plant^-1)	2017	287.90^***	21.60^***	430.60^***	0.001	20.70^***	32.80^***	6.80^**
收获指数Harvest index (%)	2016	246.67^***	21.86^***	53.95^***	3.28	22.55^***	6.29^**	2.84
收获指数Harvest index (%)	2017	26.35^***	0.08	29.95^***	0.62	13.40^***	16.16^***	1.08
生物量Biomass (g plant^-1)
根Root	2016	17.94^***	2.22	109.44^***	1.24	6.95^**	7.08^**	1.90
根Root	2017	38.34^***	9.87^**	116.03^***	1.45	8.41^***	7.41^**	1.80
茎Stem	2016	27.94^***	1.41	80.86^***	20.70^***	1.25	0.52	5.45^*
茎Stem	2017	49.16^***	5.41^*	232.12^***	3.86	4.17^*	1.55	0.31
叶Leaf	2016	61.51^***	0.02	88.94^***	5.55^*	1.86	4.33^*	3.52^*
叶Leaf	2017	60.58^***	1.98	190.06^***	1.77	0.33	5.36^**	1.39
氮素积累量N accumulation (mg plant^-1)
籽粒Grain	2016	231.93^***	11.74^**	56.63^***	1.31	0.70	2.95	0.24
籽粒Grain	2017	168.75^***	11.51^***	84.90^***	2.72	5.84^**	13.36^***	7.68^***
根Root	2016	5.77^*	0.21	5.77^**	1.77	2.01	0.04	0.19
根Root	2017	29.05^***	0.09	9.29^***	7.49^**	1.705	0.421	1.621
茎Stem	2016	4.24^*	1.47	0.76	10.92^**	0.27	0.33	4.07
茎Stem	2017	23.27^***	4.19^*	24.31^***	0.13	1.58	0.46	1.51
叶Leaf	2016	25.17^***	0.27	13.34^***	2.09	1.53	1.27	1.73
叶Leaf	2017	21.50^***	0.33	12.07^***	0.22	1.39	1.22	0.52
根系特性 Root properties
总根长 Length (cm plant^-1)	2016	75.33^***	15.22^***	91.16^***	96.89^***	0.75	9.21^***	2.99
总根长 Length (cm plant^-1)	2017	134.36^***	0.37	50.47^***	81.47^***	2.92	6.51^**	2.31
根表面积 Surface area (cm² plant^-1)	2016	126.99^***	76.79^***	119.24^***	32.72^***	19.44^***	21.64^***	0.26
根表面积 Surface area (cm² plant^-1)	2017	231.10^***	70.50^***	128.69^***	37.15^***	9.89^***	53.68^***	5.14^*
根直径 Diameter (mm)	2016	13.71^***	3.27	39.07^***	0.37	0.75	11.67^***	0.08
根直径 Diameter (mm)	2017	59.44^***	11.43^**	101.17^**	8.40^**	2.39	24.83^***	0.02
根体积 Volume (cm³ plant^-1)	2016	108.79^***	126.57^***	285.66^***	3.20	27.09^***	38.78^***	4.73^*
根体积 Volume (cm³ plant^-1)	2017	92.89^***	12.01^***	125.09^***	0.06	5.75	18.30^***	1.78