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作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (6): 1902-1912.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.52044

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

水稻SPX基因家族鉴定及响应磷处理的表达分析

胡赵1,3,*(), 钱润2, 谢丰璞2,*(), 应素平3   

  1. 1 太原师范学院生物科学与技术学院, 山西晋中030619
    2 沈阳药科大学中药学院, 辽宁沈阳 110016
    3 南昌大学生命科学学院, 江西南昌 330031
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-16 接受日期:2026-03-17 出版日期:2026-06-12 网络出版日期:2026-03-27
  • 通讯作者: * 胡赵, E-mail: zhaohu@tynu.edu.cn; 谢丰璞, E-mail: sxybqcw@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省基础研究计划项目(202503021212246)

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the SPX gene family in rice under phosphorus treatment

Hu Zhao1,3,*(), Qian Run2, Xie Feng-Pu2,*(), Ying Su-Ping3   

  1. 1 School of Biological Science and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
    2 School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
    3 School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2025-12-16 Accepted:2026-03-17 Published:2026-06-12 Published online:2026-03-27
  • Contact: * Hu Zhao, E-mail: zhaohu@tynu.edu.cn; Xie Feng-Pu, E-mail: sxybqcw@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202503021212246)

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摘要：

本研究旨在全基因组水平系统鉴定水稻SPX基因家族成员, 分析其进化特征与表达模式, 为阐明该家族在磷信号转导中的功能提供理论依据。利用生物信息学方法对水稻SPX基因家族进行全基因组鉴定, 分析其理化性质、系统进化关系、基因结构、保守基序、启动子顺式作用元件及共线性关系; 基于转录组数据和实时荧光定量PCR (RT-qPCR)技术解析其组织表达特性及磷胁迫应答模式。本研究共鉴定到6个水稻SPX基因, 分布于5条染色体上。系统进化分析表明, OsSPX1和OsSPX2以100%支持率聚类, OsSPX3与OsSPX5/OsSPX6形成稳定亚簇。共线性分析发现, 有2对片段复制基因(OsSPX1/OsSPX2和OsSPX5/OsSPX6), 且Ka/Ks值均小于1 (0.19~0.44), 表明该家族在进化过程中受强烈纯化选择。基因结构分析显示, OsSPX成员含2~3个外显子, 保守基序分布模式与系统进化关系高度一致。启动子分析发现了135个顺式作用元件, 主要包括激素响应、光响应和胁迫响应元件, 其中茉莉酸甲酯和脱落酸响应元件最为丰富。基于RT-qPCR在ShijinB品种的表达模式分析表明, OsSPX1至OsSPX6在根中均表现出显著表达优势, 具有普遍的根偏好性特征。此外, OsSPX3在花序中也显示出较高的表达水平, 而OsSPX1和OsSPX4在叶中的表达也较高。磷胁迫响应分析显示, OsSPX1、OsSPX2、OsSPX3、OsSPX5和OsSPX6在低磷条件下显著上调表达, 其中, OsSPX3表达量增长最为显著, 而OsSPX4表达不受磷浓度影响。水稻SPX基因家族通过片段复制扩张并受纯化选择作用, 成员在基因结构和基序组成上较为保守, 但在表达模式上呈现明显的组织特异性和磷胁迫应答分化。

关键词: 水稻, SPX基因家族, 磷胁迫, 生物信息学, 表达分析

Abstract:

This study aimed to systematically identify the rice SPX gene family at the whole-genome level, characterize its evolutionary features and expression patterns, and provide a basis for elucidating SPX functions in phosphorus signal transduction. Bioinformatics approaches were used to identify SPX genes in rice and to analyze their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, promoter cis-acting elements, and collinearity. Transcriptomic data and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) were used to examine tissue-specific expression and responses to phosphorus stress. Six SPX genes were identified and mapped to five chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that OsSPX1 and OsSPX2 clustered together with 100% bootstrap support, whereas OsSPX3 formed a well-supported subclade with OsSPX5 and OsSPX6. Collinearity analysis identified two segmental duplication pairs (OsSPX1/OsSPX2 and OsSPX5/OsSPX6), and all Ka/Ks values were < 1 (0.19-0.44), indicating strong purifying selection. Gene structure analysis showed that OsSPX members contain 2-3 exons, and conserved motif distributions were highly consistent with the phylogenetic relationships. Promoter analysis identified 135 cis-acting elements, mainly related to hormone, light, and stress responses, with methyl jasmonate- and abscisic acid-responsive elements being the most abundant. RT-qPCR analysis in the ShijinB variety indicated that OsSPX1-OsSPX6 were preferentially expressed in roots, with OsSPX3 also showing relatively high expression in inflorescences and OsSPX1 and OsSPX4 showing relatively high expression in leaves. Under low-phosphorus conditions, OsSPX1, OsSPX2, OsSPX3, OsSPX5, and OsSPX6 were significantly upregulated, with OsSPX3 showing the strongest induction, whereas OsSPX4 was not affected by phosphorus availability. Overall, the rice SPX gene family appears to have expanded via segmental duplication and subsequently evolved under purifying selection; although gene structures and motif compositions are relatively conserved, members show clear tissue specificity and differential responsiveness to phosphorus stress.

Key words: rice, SPX gene family, phosphorus stress, bioinformatics, expression analysis

附表1

RT-qPCR引物序列"

引物名称
Primer name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)
qOsSPX1-F AATACATCATCCGCCAGAAGGAGC
qOsSPX1-R AGCCCCAGTCCTCTTGTCATA
qOsSPX2-F GCTGCTCGAGAATTACAGCG
qOsSPX2-R GTCGGTGGTGAAGAAGGGTT
qOsSPX3-F GCCGTCAACTACACAGGGC
qOsSPX3-R TCCGTCGTGAAGAACGGCT
qOsSPX4-F ATCGAGAGGGAGGAGTGGTA
qOsSPX4-R AGGGAGCTATAGGTTTGCAG
qOsSPX5-F GCGCGACCATTTCCTCAACTA
qOsSPX5-R AGGAAGAAGGCGTTGAACTTG
qOsSPX6-F AAGGAGCTGAAGCGCATCGT
qOsSPX6-R AGGAGTCGATCTTGTCGATGTC

图1

水稻OsSPX基因家族染色体定位"

表1

水稻SPX基因家族成员基本信息"

基因
Gene		 基因ID
Gene ID		 蛋白质长度Protein length (aa) 相对分子质量Molecular weight (kD) 等电点
pI		 不稳定系数Instability index 脂肪系数Aliphatic index 亲水性总平均值
GRAVY
OsSPX1 Os06g0603600 295 33,111.71 5.21 58.57 83.02 -0.516
OsSPX2 Os02g0202200 280 30,955.09 5.67 43.58 76.29 -0.507
OsSPX3 Os10g0392600 277 30,844.51 9.56 56.96 81.01 -0.345
OsSPX4 Os03g0827500 320 35,772.12 4.98 48.49 78.75 -0.543
OsSPX5 Os03g0406100 247 27,513.64 6.93 66.76 92.11 -0.190
OsSPX6 Os07g0614700 234 25,959.86 6.41 52.46 91.45 -0.169

图2

OsSPX基因家族系统进化树(A)和共线性(B)分析"

表2

OsSPX基因家族Ka/Ks值"

序列1
Seq_1		 序列2
Seq_2		 非同义替换率
Ka		 同义替换率
Ks		 非同义替换率与同义替换率之比
Ka/Ks
OsSPX2 OsSPX1 0.182907702 0.959501343 0.190627875
OsSPX5 OsSPX6 0.256450887 0.574747502 0.446197480

图3

OsSPX基因家族成员的基因结构(A)、结构域(B)和保守基序(C)"

图4

OsSPX基因启动子区域顺式作用元件分布(A)和数量统计(B)"

图5

转录组(A)和RT-qPCR (B)分析OsSPX基因在不同水稻组织中的表达模式 柱上不同小写字母表示在P < 0.05水平差异显著。"

图6

转录组(A)和RT-qPCR (B)分析OsSPX基因在不同磷条件下的表达模式 **, P < 0.01; ns: 差异不显著; HP: 高磷; LP: 低磷。"

附表2

OsSPX基因家族的转录组表达数据"

基因
Gene		 高磷High phosphorus 低磷Low phosphorus
重复1
Replication 1		 重复2
Replication 2		 重复3
Replication 3		 重复1
Replication 1		 重复2
Replication 2		 重复3
Replication 3
OsSPX1 43.136410 31.516768 43.498970 760.657471 751.231750 723.610413
OsSPX2 22.661093 21.275381 21.853298 109.968208 94.663010 113.422134
OsSPX3 0 0.128173 0.132963 422.991394 473.344635 425.543488
OsSPX4 27.393534 24.097389 24.996458 27.083014 22.188303 24.889666
OsSPX5 3.738686 1.741453 2.510515 869.731812 928.867554 833.532715
OsSPX6 12.914185 7.527859 9.783573 689.889404 798.101257 700.648438
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