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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 187-198.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34046

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温下环丙酸酰胺调控棉花内源激素促进噻苯隆脱叶的机制

孙尚文1,2(), 束红梅2, 杨长琴2, 张国伟2, 王晓婧2, 孟亚利1, 王友华1, 刘瑞显2,*()   

  1. 1南京农业大学农学院, 江苏南京 210095
    2江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所 / 农业农村部长江下游棉花与油菜重点实验室, 江苏南京210014
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-08 接受日期:2023-06-29 出版日期:2024-01-12 网络出版日期:2023-07-19
  • 通讯作者: *刘瑞显, E-mail: liuruixian2008@163.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 2331164738@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32071968);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(22)2015);江苏省现代作物协同创新中心项目(JCIC-MCP)

Mechanism of cyclanilide enhanced the defoliation efficiency of thidiazuron in cotton by regulating endogenous hormones under low temperature stress

SUN Shang-Wen1,2(), SHU Hong-Mei2, YANG Chang-Qin2, ZHANG Guo-Wei2, WANG Xiao-Jing2, MENG Ya-Li1, WANG You-Hua1, LIU Rui-Xian2,*()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
    2Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-03-08 Accepted:2023-06-29 Published:2024-01-12 Published online:2023-07-19
  • Contact: *E-mail: liuruixian2008@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071968);Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)2015);Jiangsu Collaborative Center for Modern Crop Production(JCIC-MCP)

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摘要：

脱叶催熟是棉花机械采收的前提, 但遇低温可导致噻苯隆(TDZ)脱叶效果下降, 不能满足机械化采收的要求, 本实验室发现环丙酸酰胺(CYC)可显著提高低温下TDZ的脱叶效果, 但CYC促进低温下棉花化学脱叶的机制尚不清楚。为此, 以中棉425品种为材料, 设置2个温度水平(25℃和15℃), 清水(CK)、TDZ单剂(T)和TDZ+CYC复配(TC)3种处理方式, 分析棉叶脱落过程中离层中内源激素含量变化及相关基因的表达情况。结果表明: 低温(15℃)下处理后240 h, T处理棉花脱叶率仅为53.0%, 但TC处理的棉叶脱落开始时间较T处理提前24 h且脱落率升高至79.6%。低温下, 相较于T处理, TC处理棉叶离层生长素(IAA)运输相关基因(LAX2、PIN1)、IAA响应基因(IAA9、ARF3)表达量显著下降, 离层中IAA含量降低; 离层乙烯(ET)合成基因(ACS、ACO)表达量升高, ET合成前体ACC含量增加, ET下游信号基因(ERF1B)显著上调表达; 茉莉酸(JA)合成相关基因(AOC4)上调表达, 离层中JA含量增加。综上, 低温下CYC和TDZ复配抑制棉叶离层中IAA运输与信号传导, 促进ET、JA合成与ET信号转导, 是CYC提高低温下TDZ脱叶效果的主要原因。

关键词: 棉花脱叶, 低温, 噻苯隆, 环丙酸酰胺, 内源激素含量, 基因表达

Abstract:

The technology of cotton leaf removal is an important prerequisite for realizing the mechanical harvesting of cotton, but low temperature affect the efficiency of TDZ-induced leaf abscission, which cannot meet the requirements of mechanized harvesting. In our laboratory, we found that cyclanilide (CYC) could improve the defoliation efficiency of TDZ at low temperature, but the mechanism of CYC promoting chemical defoliation (TDZ) under low temperature is unknown. Therefore, the content of plant hormones and the relative expression level of related genes in the abscission zone of cotton leaves were analyzed using Zhongmian 425 as the experimental material, setting two temperature levels (25℃ and 15℃) and three treatments [water (CK), single TDZ (T), and the compound of TDZ+CYC (TC)]. At 240 h after treatment under low temperature (15℃), the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by T was only 53.0%, while the start time of cotton leaves abscission treated by TC was 24 h ahead of that treated by T and the abscission rate of cotton leaves treated by TC increased to 79.6%. At low temperature, compared with T, the relative expression level of auxin (IAA) transport genes (LAX2, PIN1), IAA response genes (IAA9, ARF3) and the content of IAA in the abscission zone of cotton leaves treated with TC were reduced significantly; the relative expression level of ethylene (ET) synthesis genes (ACS, ACO), and the content of ET synthesis precursor ACC were increased, the relative expression level of ET downstream signal gene(ERF1B) was up-regulated significantly in the abscission zone treated with TC. The jasmonate acid (JA) synthesis-related gene (AOC4) was up-regulated, and the content of JA was increased in abscission zone treated by TC. The inhibition of the IAA transport and signal transduction and the promotion of ET and JA synthesis and ET signal transduction caused by TC treatment in the abscission zones of cotton leaves could be the key reason that CYC could promote cotton leaves abscission effect of TDZ at low temperature.

Key words: cotton defoliation, low temperature, thiadiazuron, cyclanilide, plant hormone content, gene relative expression

表1

引物及其序列"

基因
Gene name		 上游引物
Forward primer sequence (5°-3°)		 下游引物
Reverse primer sequence (5°-3°)
IAA9(Gh_A05G3764) CCAGAAGGTGGTAAAGGAC AAACGATCTAATAGGAGGC
ARF3(Gh_A05G1337) TGTCCTCACCGTCTTCAGT GCTTCCTAGATACCTCCTAC
LAX2(Gh_A01G1955) GCCTTCAACTGTACTTTCC TAGGTCCATGTCCTCTTGT
PIN1(Gh_D12G2556) GCCATAAACAGACCAAGAC TCAGGTGGAATGTGGAAAT
ACS(Gh_D12G2746) GGGTGATTGAGGTATGGGAGA TGCATAAGCACAACGAGGC
ACO(Gh_D11G1565) CCACCAGCATCTGTATGAG CTGCGAGAATCTTGGACTA
ERF1B(Gh_Sca115107G01) GGGAAATTCAGGATAGCGG GGAGATAAGGGATTCAACGAG
CYP707A4(Gh_D02G2083) CGGAAATGAACTGGCGAAGC TTGTTGAGGCACTGGGAAT
PP2C77(Gh_A08G2192) ATTGACCGTGCTCCGTATA ACATCGTCCTCACCTCCTT
AOC4(Gh_A08G0314) GCCAGACCCACCAGTAATA TTTGGAGAAACGGATAGGA
TIFY9(Gh_D01G0196) TTCCGAGGTATTCAAGGTG AAATCGTCAACGGTGCTGT

图1

不同处理棉花叶片脱落率 (a) 棉花叶片脱落照片; (b) 棉花叶片脱落率。CK: 对照处理; T: TDZ处理; TC: TDZ+CYC处理; N: 常温; L: 低温。"

图2

不同处理棉叶离层IAA含量变化 (a) 常温条件下棉叶离层中IAA含量; (b) 低温条件下棉叶离层中IAA含量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著。处理同图1。"

图3

不同处理棉叶离层ACC含量变化 (a) 常温条件下棉叶离层中ACC含量; (b) 低温条件下棉叶离层中ACC含量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著, ns代表在0.05概率水平无显著差异。处理同图1。"

图4

不同处理棉叶离层ABA含量变化 (a) 常温条件下棉叶离层中ABA含量; (b) 低温条件下棉叶离层中ABA含量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著。处理同图1。"

图5

不同处理棉叶离层JA含量变化 (a) 常温条件下棉叶离层中JA含量; (b) 低温条件下棉叶离层中JA含量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著, ns代表在0.05概率水平无显著差异。处理同图1。"

图6

不同处理棉叶离层中IAA相关基因表达量 (a) 常温下棉叶离层中IAA相关基因的表达量; (b) 低温下棉叶离层中IAA相关基因的表达量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著。处理同图1。"

图7

不同处理棉叶离层中ET相关基因表达量 (a) 常温下棉叶离层中ET相关基因的表达量; (b) 低温下离层中ET相关基因的表达量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著, ns代表在0.05概率水平无显著差异。处理同图1。"

图8

不同处理棉叶离层中ABA相关基因表达量 (a) 常温下离层中ABA相关基因的表达量; (b) 低温下离层中ABA相关基因的表达量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著, ns代表在0.05概率水平无显著差异。处理同图1。"

图9

不同处理棉叶离层中JA相关基因相对表达量 (a) 常温下离层中JA相关基因的表达量; (b) 低温下离层中JA相关基因的表达量。同一时间点不同小写字母代表在0.05概率水平差异显著, ns代表在0.05概率水平无显著差异。处理同图1。"

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