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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 1796-1805.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.91025

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Growth habit identification and diversity and stability analysis of heading date in Tibetan barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Lhundrupnamgyal1,2,3,4,5,Hui-Hui LI5,Gang-Gang GUO5, Chemiwangmo2,3,Li-Yun GAO2,3,Ya-Wei TANG2,3, Nyematashi2,4, Dawadondrup2,3,*(), Dolkar1,*()   

  1. 1 Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
    3 Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
    4 Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
    5 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-03-20 Accepted:2019-06-22 Online:2019-12-12 Published:2019-07-15
  • Contact: Dawadondrup, Dolkar E-mail:dwdunzhu@126.com;slzhuoga@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31660299);the Tibet Department of Major Projects(XZ201801NA01);the Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry College Graduate Innovation Program funded project YJS2017-07(502000114)

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Abstract:

To improve the utilization of Tibetan barley germplasm and select appropriate parents in hybridization breeding, evaluated the growth habit and heading date diversity of 1605 Tibetan barley germplasm under the spring and autumn sowing conditions in Nyingchi and Lhasa, Tibet. The growth habit was determined by the difference in heading date observed in two spring sowing dates in Lhasa, i.e. normal spring sowing I and 10 days later of spring sowing II, showing that 96.2% of the landraces were spring barley distributed in all three ecological regions; 3.8% of the landraces were the winter barley accessions originated mainly from the southeastern ecological region of Tibet. Shannon-Wiener’s analysis showed that the heading date diversity was higher under spring-sown environment than under autumn-sown environment. The heading date diversity was highest in Lhasa region with spring sowing, moderate in Nyingchi spring-sown environment, and lowest in Nyingchi autumn-sown environment. In the same environment, landraces had higher diversity than modern varieties. A total of 368 spring-type landraces and 21 varieties were stable in heading date diversity across environments, and the cultivar Kangqing 3 had the highest stability among all tested materials. This study helps to further understand the growth habits, heading dates diversity and environmental stability of barley resources in Tibet, and provides useful information for the development of broad-adapted barley varieties.

Key words: barley, growth habit, heading date diversity, stability

Fig. 1

Identification of spring/winter growth habit in Lhasa"

Table 1

Origin and type of Tibet barley germplasm"

来源
Origin		 类型
Type		 品种数
No. of accessions		 合计
Total		 比例
Proportion (%)
拉萨 Lhasa 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 125 155 9.64
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 3
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 21
冬性育成品种 Winter variety (WV) 6
山南 Lhoka 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 355 377 23.45
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 12
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 10
日喀则 Shigatse 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 538 573 35.63
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 6
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 29
昌都 Chamdo 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 275 282 17.60
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 6
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 1
林芝 Nyingchi 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 114 147 9.14
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 30
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 2
冬性育成品种 Winter variety (WV) 1
阿里 Ngari 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 40 40 2.49
那曲 Nagqu 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 1 1 0.06
西藏其他地区 Other Tibetan areas 春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 30 30 1.87

Fig. 2

Geographical distribution of different growth habit germplasm Gray line indicates the Yarlung Zangbo River basin, and the pie chart size represents the proportion to the entire material."

Fig. 3

Heading date distribution of Tibet barley germplasm in three environments Gray dotted line indicates the averaged value. SL: spring landrace; SV: spring variety; WL: winter landrace; WV: winter variety. 2017 Nyingchi-A: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown."

Table 2

Changes in heading date and distribution characteristics of Tibet barley germplasm"

试验
Trial		 品种类型
Variety type		 品种数
No. of samples		 平均值 Mean±SD 变幅
Range		 变异系数CV (%) 多样性指数Shannon H°
2017年林芝秋播2017 Nyingchi-A 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 1332 174.54±9.33 160.00-204.00 5.53 1.33
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 55 182.86±10.04 161.00-200.00 5.49 1.00
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 93 174.40±6.68 160.00-202.00 3.83 1.13
冬性育成品种 Winter variety (WV) 7 185.33±8.36 180.00-202.00 4.51 0.56
2018年林芝春播2018 Nyingchi-S 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 1448 73.16±6.33 59.00-94.00 8.65 1.37
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 52 84.72±6.39 64.00-97.00 7.55 1.25
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 92 75.78±5.50 62.00-85.00 7.26 0.96
冬性育成品种 Winter variety (WV) 6 80.60±7.09 71.00-88.00 8.80 0.73
2018年拉萨春播2018 Lhasa-S 春性地方品种 Spring landrace (SL) 1448 68.19±5.62 53.00-85.00 8.36 1.41
冬性地方品种 Winter landrace (WL) 4 79.00±9.17 69.00-87.00 11.60 1.15
春性育成品种 Spring variety (SV) 93 70.18±4.19 59.00-81.00 6.04 0.64
冬性育成品种 Winter variety (WV) 4 73.75±3.28 71.00-75.00 4.45 0.69

Fig. 4

Comparison of heading date of different growth habit germplasm in three sowing times SL: spring landrace; SV: spring variety; WL: winter landrace; WV: winter variety. 2017 Nyingchi-A: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown. Significant difference (P < 0.01)."

Fig. 5

Comparison of heading date between different environments under spring sowing conditions SL: spring landrace; SV: spring variety; WL: winter landrace; WV: winter variety. 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown. Significant difference (P<0.01)."

Fig. 6

Correlation between heading dates among different sowing time and environments A, B, C represents the correlation coefficient of sowing time or environments. 2017 Nyingchi-A: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown."

Fig. 7

Frequency of five grades after standardization of heading date values in different sowing times I: early heading; II: partial early heading; III: middle heading; IV: partial late heading; V: late heading. 2017 Nyingchi-A: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown."

Fig. 8

Stability analysis of different varieties in heading dates across different sowing times and environmental conditions SL: spring landrace; SV: spring variety; WL: winter landrace; WV: winter variety. I: early heading; II: partial early heading; III: middle heading; IV: partial late heading; V: late heading. a: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; b: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; c: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown. Red number indicates samples shared by the three environments."

Fig. 9

Stability analysis of the heading date of the main variety of Tibet barley in different sowing times and environments I: early heading; II: partial early heading; III: middle heading; IV: partial late heading; V: late heading. 2017 Nyingchi-A: 2017 Nyingchi-Autumn sown; 2018 Nyingchi-S: 2018 Nyingchi-Spring sown; 2018 Lhasa-S: 2018 Lhasa-Spring sown."

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