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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (12): 3281-3291.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.54044

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of water and fertilizer management on potato yield, quality, and resource use efficiency under drip irrigation

LI Bao-Cheng1,3,HAN Yun-Fei1,3,ZHANG Le1,3,DU Er-Xiao1,3,SAN Xin-Tong1,3,LIU Xin-Yu1,3,REN Yong-Feng1,3,*,ZHANG De-Jian2,LI Juan2,ZHANG Hai-Feng4   

  1. 1 Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China; 2 College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, Inner Mongolia, China; 3 Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dry Farming Agriculture, Hohhot 010031, Inner Mongolia, China; 4 Jiuyuan District Water Bureau of Baotou City, Baotou 014060, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2025-04-07 Revised:2025-09-10 Accepted:2025-09-10 Online:2025-12-12 Published:2025-09-24
  • Contact: 任永峰, E-mail: renyongfeng_1984@163.com E-mail:2531171640@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2021YFD901104) and. the Inner Mongolia Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Innovation Fund (2022CXJJN10) 

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Abstract:

To address the challenges of reduced potato yield, quality, and water–fertilizer use efficiency caused by suboptimal resource allocation at the northern foot of the Yinshan Mountains, this study examined the effects of various water and fertilizer supply levels on potato yield, tuber quality, and resource use efficiency. The goal was to provide a theoretical foundation for optimizing regional potato production systems to achieve high yield and quality while improving water and fertilizer management. Field experiments were conducted in Wuchuan County, Hohhot, from 2022 to 2023 using the potato cultivar “Dafeng 10”. A split-plot design was employed, with three irrigation levels (W1: 1800 m3 hm?2, W2: 1440 m3 hm?2, W3: 1080 m3 hm?2) as the main plots and three fertilization levels (F1: N-P?O?-K?O = 300-240-300 kg hm?2, F2: N-P?O?-K?O = 240-192-240 kg hm?2, F3: N-P?O?-K?O = 180-144-180 kg hm?2) as the subplots. Analysis of treatment responses revealed that moderate reductions in water and fertilizer inputs significantly enhanced tuber yield, improved tuber quality, and promoted more efficient use of water and nutrients. Specifically, the W2F2 treatment produced the best outcomes for yield, marketable tuber ratio, starch content, vitamin C, crude protein, and water use efficiency (WUE), with increases of 9.07%–10.79%, 1.22%–4.08%, 4.39%–4.86%, 3.28%–8.87%, 1.78%–11.92%, and 3.47%–5.84%, respectively, compared to the conventional treatment (W1F1). In contrast, the highest reducing sugar content was observed under the W3F1 treatment, which was 18.18%–19.05% higher than that under W1F1. The highest partial factor productivity of fertilizer (PFP) was achieved with the W2F3 treatment, representing a 47.46%–47.60% improvement over W1F1. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for comprehensive evaluation, and the W2F2 treatment achieved the highest PCA scores: 3.002 in 2022 and 3.481 in 2023. To further identify optimal irrigation and fertilization levels, a regression model was established using the comprehensive evaluation score as the dependent variable, and irrigation and fertilizer inputs as independent variables. The optimal evaluation score corresponded to an irrigation range of 1518.15–1533.93 m3 hm?2 and a fertilizer rate of N–P?O?–K?O = 262.52–210.02–262.52 to 274.63–219.71–274.63 kg hm?2. In conclusion, under the conditions of the northern foot of the Yinshan Mountains, an integrated water and fertilizer management strategy using 1518.15–1533.93 m3 hm?2 of irrigation and 262.52–210.02–262.52 to 274.63–219.71–274.63 kg hm?2 of fertilizer (N–P?O?–K?O) can synergistically improve potato yield, tuber quality, and resource use efficiency. Moreover, this strategy achieves water savings of 14.83%–15.66% and fertilizer reductions of 8.57%–12.49%.

Key words: water and fertilizer regulation, potato, yield, quality, water and fertilizer use efficiency

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