%A ZHAO Jing, MENG Fan-Gang, YU De-Bin, QIU Qiang, ZHANG Ming-Hao, RAO De-Min, CONG Bo-Tao, ZHANG Wei, YAN Xiao-Yan %T Response of agronomic traits and P/Fe utilization efficiency to P application with different P efficiency in soybean %0 Journal Article %D 2021 %J Acta Agronomica Sinica %R 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04212 %P 1824-1833 %V 47 %N 9 %U {https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/abstract/article_7177.shtml} %8 2021-09-12 %X

The phosphorus content in soil is closely related to the iron absorption in plant. In this study, 15 agronomic traits were analyzed by principal component analysis in sand culture and split blot design, with P-efficient and P-inefficient soybean varieties screened in the early stage as the experimental materials. To analyze the relationship between agronomic traits and P/Fe utilization efficiency, and to provide the theoretical basis for the rational application of P and Fe fertilizer in soybean, the effects of different P:Fe ratios on biological traits and genotypic differences were studied in response to P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes under different P:Fe treatments by factor scores in soybean. The results were as follows: (1) At R5 stage, plant height, stem diameter, root dry weight, and shoot dry weight of P-efficient genotypes were increased relatively rapidly under each treatment, and all of them were higher than those of P-inefficient genotypes. When P:Fe ratio was 100:100, root dry weight per plant at R5 stage was lower, while 100-seed weight was higher. In addition, when P:Fe ratio was 100:100, P utilization efficiency of the two soybean genotypes were the lowest. (2) Canonical correlation analysis revealed that stem diameter at R5 stage of P-efficient genotypes was positively correlated with Fe utilization efficiency in leaves, while shoot dry weight of P-inefficient genotypes was negatively correlated with P utilization efficiency in leaves. (3) The increase of P utilization efficiency of leaves at R3 stage and shoot dry weight at R8 stage were beneficial to the increase of seed weight per plant of P-efficient genotypes, while the increase of P-efficient genotypes at R3 stage would lead to the decrease of seed weight per plant of P-efficient genotypes. The increase of plant height at R3 stage, shoot dry weight at R3 and R8 stages contributed to the increase of seed weight per plant of P-inefficient genotypes, while the increase of stem diameter at R3, R5, and R8 stages, and Fe utilization efficiency of leaves at R5 stage resulted in the decrease of seed weight per plant of P-inefficient genotypes. Furthermore, shoot dry weight at R8 stage had the largest direct positive contribution to both P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes. (4) Comprehensive evaluation by factor score showed that when P:Fe ≤ 100:100, the comprehensive performance of P-efficient genotypes and P- inefficient genotypes were the best when P:Fe ratio was 100:100. When P:Fe ≥ 500:100, the comprehensive performance of P-efficient genotypes and P-inefficient genotypes were the best when P:Fe ratio was 1000:100. In conclusion, the early stage of seed filling can be an important stage for screening soybean genotypes with different P efficiency. P:Fe ratio at 1:1 was better for both P-efficient and P-inefficient genotypes under sufficient Fe supply, considering the accumulation of phosphate fertilizer in soil and effect of phytates in seed on P efficiency.