基于单片段代换系的玉米百粒重QTL分析

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陈春侠, 陆明洋, 尚爱兰, 王玉民, 席章营. 基于单片段代换系的玉米百粒重QTL分析. 作物学报, 2013, 39(9): 1562-1568[CHEN Chun-Xia, LU Ming-Yang, SHANG Ai-Lan, WANG Yu-Min, XI Zhang-Ying. Analysis of QTL for 100-kernel Weight Using Chromosome Single Segment Substitution Lines in Maize. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2013, 39(9): 1562-1568] 复制到剪切板

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基于单片段代换系的玉米百粒重QTL分析

陈春侠^*, 陆明洋^*, 尚爱兰, 王玉民, 席章营^*

河南农业大学农学院, 河南郑州450002

^* 通讯作者(Corresponding author): 席章营, E-mail:xizhangying@163.com

基金:本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(30871580)和国家转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项(2009ZX08009-111B)资助。

摘要

籽粒大小是影响玉米产量的关键因素, 百粒重是衡量籽粒大小的一个指标。本研究基于59份玉米染色体单片段代换系(SSSL)纯合体, 对玉米百粒重性状进行2年6个试验环境的表型鉴定, 利用t测验和重叠群作图的方法对SSSL内代换片段上的百粒重效应进行了QTL分析。共检测出20个百粒重QTL, 分布在玉米的8条染色体上, 其中14个(70.0%)在2个以上试验环境中被重复检出, 4个(20.0%)在4个以上试验环境中被重复检出, 在全部6个试验环境中重复检出且基因加性效应值较大的玉米百粒重QTL是位于玉米第5染色体Bin5.05区SSR分子标记bnlg278和umc1680附近的q100kw-5-3。研究结果为玉米籽粒大小性状相关基因的进一步精细定位和克隆奠定了基础。

关键词: 玉米; SSSL; 百粒重; QTL; 籽粒大小

Analysis of QTL for 100-kernel Weight Using Chromosome Single Segment Substitution Lines in Maize

CHEN Chun-Xia^**, LU Ming-Yang^**, SHANG Ai-Lan, WANG Yu-Min, XI Zhang-Ying^*

College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Abstract

Kernel size is a key component of maize yield. Fifty-nine homozygous chromosome single segment substitution lines (SSSL) were employed to identify the QTL of 100-kernel weight of maize under six environments usingt-test and overlap mapping method. Twenty QTLs of 100-kernel weight were identified on eight chromosomes of maize, of which fourteen QTLs (70.0%) were found repeatedly in more than two environments, four QTLs (20.0%) were found repeatedly in more than four environments, the major QTLq100kw-5-3, which was detected repeatedly under six environments, was located near the SSR markers bnlg278 and umc1680 at Bin 5.05. These results provide a good foundation for further fine mapping and cloning of major genes related to the maize kernel size.

Keyword: Maize; SSSL; 100-kernel weight; QTL; Kernel size

百粒重是玉米产量的主要构成因素之一, 研究玉米百粒重性状的遗传控制机制, 对于玉米产量性状的分子设计育种至关重要。

彭勃等^[1]以我国玉米骨干自交系黄早四分别与齐319和掖478组配构建的2个F_2:3群体为材料, 定位出5个百粒重QTL; 汤继华等^[2]利用一套包含441个杂交组合的玉米“永久F₂”群体, 鉴定出5个百粒重QTL; 赵璞等^[3]在掖478×QB80的BC₄F₂群体和掖478×齐319的BC₄F₂群体中分别定位出4个和3个百粒重QTL; Messmer等^[4]利用CML444×SC-Malawi

的RIL群体定位到8个百粒重QTL; Doebley等^[5]在R×P和C×M两个群体的F₂代中分别定位到5个和4个粒重QTL; Goldman等^[6]用IHP×ILP的F₃群体定位出15个粒重QTL。玉米遗传与基因组网站(http:// www.maizegdb.org/cgi-bin/qtl_loci_summary_table.cgi)上公布的、已经定位的玉米百粒重(包括300粒重和千粒重) QTL有78个。这些研究中用到的定位群体主要是F₂、F_2:3、RIL、永久F₂等。

作物染色体单片段代换系(SSSL)及其类似材料是近年来发展起来的一种作图群体, 基于SSSL可以对作物产量等复杂性状进行全基因组分析, 可以把复杂性状基因分解到位于某个染色体片段上的单个孟德尔因子^[7]。Eshed和Zamir^[8]利用50个番茄的单片段导入系对番茄的多个性状进行了QTL鉴定; 何凤华^[9]基于59个SSSL对水稻的24个农艺性状进行了QTL分析; 席章营^[10]利用326份SSSL对水稻的24个重要农艺性状进行了QTL鉴定, 检测出701个QTL; He等^[11]利用52份SSSL材料对水稻株高及其组成因子进行了QTL鉴定, 检测到24个QTL; Liu等^[12]利用SSSL对水稻穗数QTL及其与环境间互作进行了研究; 王帮太等^[13]构建了以87-1为受体、综3为供体的51份SSSL, 对玉米的穗长进行了QTL分析; Lu等^[14]基于59份SSSL, 对玉米的株高进行了QTL分析; Liu等^[15]利用SSSL对控制水稻分蘖数的9个QTL的动态表达进行了分析; Zhang等^[16]利用染色体单片段导入系对控制番茄果实大小的主效QTL ( fw3.2)进行了精细定位; Frary等^[17]利用含有1个供体片段的导入系, 克隆了控制番茄果实大小的主效QTL ( fw2.2)。

本研究基于59份玉米染色体单片段代换系, 对玉米的百粒重进行QTL分析, 以期发掘效应稳定的QTL, 为玉米百粒重主效基因的精细定位和克隆等相关研究奠定基础。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料及田间鉴定

以中国玉米骨干自交系郑58为受体, 昌7-2为供体, 利用杂交、回交和比较均匀地分布于玉米全基因组上的146对SSR分子标记的辅助选择, 共获得了108份以郑58为遗传背景的昌7-2的染色体单片段代换系(SSSL)^[14]。每个SSSL仅含有1个来源于昌7-2的染色体片段, 其他遗传背景与郑58完全相同。本研究以其中的59份SSSL为试验材料, 对玉米百粒重性状进行QTL分析。

2010年夏播在河南郑州(E1: 34°36′ N, 113°31′ E)和濮阳(E2: 35°45′ N, 115°54′ E) 2个试验点使用44份SSSL纯合体进行玉米百粒重性状表型鉴定试验; 2010年冬季在海南三亚(E3: 18°26′ N, 108°55′ E)、2011年夏播在河南郑州(E4)、濮阳(E5)、漯河(E6: 33°35′ N,114°00′ E) 4个试验点使用59份SSSL纯合体进行玉米百粒重性状的表型鉴定。59份SSSL中包含46个不重复的、来源于供体昌7-2的染色体代换片段, 46个代换片段不均匀地分布在玉米的10条染色体上, 覆盖玉米基因组31.5% (图1-A)。田间试验间比法排列, 2010年河南郑州、河南濮阳、海南三亚3个试验点为单行区, 2011年河南郑州、河南濮阳、河南漯河3个试验点为双行区, 单次重复, 每隔10个SSSL小区种植一区郑58用于田间试验误差估计。行长4.00 m, 行距0.60 m, 株距0.25 m, 田间常规管理。

玉米成熟后, 在每个小区内收获生长正常的12个单株的上位果穗, 自然晾干至规定水分后, 按全量法进行各单穗的百粒重考种, 即百粒重=[每穗正常籽粒的重量(g)/每穗正常籽粒的数量]×100。

1.2 QTL鉴定

以受体亲本郑58多个小区的观察值合并为一个群体作对照进行统计测验。当某一SSSL的百粒重与对照郑58相比的 t测验值 P≤0.001时, 认定该SSSL内的代换片段上存在一个百粒重的QTL。用重叠群作图法^[18]确定QTL区间, 不同代换片段上的QTL, 如果有重叠区域, 则认为是同一个QTL; 如果没有重叠区域, 则认为是不同的QTL。QTL命名参考McCouch等^[19]的命名规则。

2 结果与分析

2.1 单片段代换系百粒重的表型值

轮回亲本郑58在6个试验环境(2010年河南郑州、2010年河南濮阳、2010年海南三亚、2011年河南郑州、2011年河南濮阳、2011年河南漯河)中百粒重的表型值分别为(32.53±1.83) g、(32.67±1.58) g、(27.67±2.09) g、(25.69±2.02) g、(29.56±1.51) g和(26.19±2.32) g。各个试验环境内, 轮回亲本郑58的百粒重在重复的多个小区之间的差异均未达到0.01的水平。59份SSSL在6个试验环境中百粒重的变化区间分别为21.57~35.01 g、16.26~38.13 g、18.42~34.32 g、20.18~33.21 g、24.06~34.60 g和20.14~32.31 g, 其平均值分别为(29.38±3.32) g、(29.83±4.78) g、(26.02±3.09) g、(26.94±3.42) g、(30.17±2.26) g和(26.02±2.72) g。

经差异显著性检验( t-test), 2010年河南郑州、河南濮阳和海南三亚的试验中分别有14、14、6份SSSL的百粒重与郑58相比差异极显著; 2011年郑州、濮阳和漯河的试验中分别有19、7、6份SSSL的百粒重与郑58相比差异极显著(图1-B)。

图1 6个试验环境中SSSL与郑58百粒重的差异A: SSSL, 黑色片段表示SSSL内来源于供体昌7-2的染色体代换片段的位置及片段大小, 灰色表示受体郑58的遗传背景。B: 6个试验环境中, SSSL与郑58的百粒重的差异。黑色柱体表示该差异极显著( P< 0.001)。E1: 2010年河南郑州; E2: 2010年河南濮阳; E3: 2010年海南三亚; E4: 2011年河南郑州; E5: 2011年河南濮阳; E6: 2011年河南漯河。百粒重以g为单位。Fig. 1 Phenotypic differences of 100-kernel weight between each SSSL line and Zheng 58 in six environmentsA: Graphical genotype of the single-segment substitution lines (SSSL), black rectangles indicate homozygous chromosome substitution segment derived from Chang 7-2, gray rectangles represent homozygous genetic background of Zheng 58. B: Phenotypic differences of 100-kernel weight between each SSSL and Zheng 58 in six environments, represented as horizontally columns. Black columns indicate SSSL significantly different from Zheng 58 ( P< 0.001). E1: Zhengzhou 2010; E2: Puyang 2010; E3: Sanya 2010; E4: Zhengzhou 2011; E5: Puyang 2011; E6: Luohe 2011. Unit is “g” for 100-kernel weight.

2.2 百粒重的QTL鉴定

在与郑58相比差异极显著的SSSL中, 经QTL重叠群作图, 共检出20个百粒重QTL (图2)。其中, 在2010年河南郑州、河南濮阳、海南三亚、2011年河南郑州、河南濮阳和河南漯河6个试验环境中分别鉴定出11、9、6、12、6、5个百粒重QTL。即在6个试验环境中累积检出百粒重QTL 49次, 包括20个QTL座位。检出的20个百粒重QTL (图2)中, 有8个在2个试验环境中被重复检出, 2个在3个试验环境中被重复检出, 1个在4个试验环境中被重复检出, 2个在5个试验环境中被重复检出, 1个在6个试验环境中被重复检出。在2个以上试验环境中被重复检出的玉米百粒重QTL有14个, 占检出QTL总数的70.0%。

试验鉴定出的20个百粒重QTL分布在玉米的8条染色体上, 在第1、第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第9、第10染色体上分别检出3、4、1、2、3、3、2、2个百粒重QTL。有4个玉米百粒重QTL q100kw-1-3、 q100kw-2-2、 q100kw-5-3和 q100kw-10-2,在4个以上的试验环境中被重复检测到(图2)。其中, 位于第5染色体上Bin5.05区的 q100kw-5-3(bnlg278-umc1680)在6个试验环境均被检测到, 且基因效应稳定。该染色体区段将是进一步精细定位和克隆玉米百粒重QTL的重点。

3 讨论

本研究基于一套覆盖玉米基因组31.5%的59份玉米SSSL, 在2年6个试验环境中对玉米百粒重进行了表型鉴定, 利用 t测验和重叠群作图法, 共鉴定出20个玉米百粒重QTL, 其中16个( q100kw-1-2, q100kw-1-3, q100kw-2-1, q100kw-2-2, q100kw-2-3, q100kw-2-4, q100kw-3-1, q100kw-4-1, q100kw-4-2, q100kw-5-1, q100kw-5-2, q100kw-5-3, q100kw-6-1, q100kw-6-3, q100kw-10-1, q100kw-10-2)与前人^{[20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]} 的研究结果处在相同或相近的染色体座位上(表1), 4个( q100kw-1-1, q100kw-6-2, q100kw-9-1, q100kw-9-2)暂时没有检索到相关的文献, 可能是新的百粒重QTL。

图2 玉米百粒重QTL在连锁图谱上的位置染色体左侧为SSR分子标记名称, 右侧黑色柱体为QTL区间; 依据玉米SSR连锁图IBM2 2008 Neighbors (http://www.maizegdb.org/)上的分子标记座位和重叠群作图方法计算QTL区间。E1: 2010年河南郑州; E2: 2010年河南濮阳; E3: 2010年海南三亚; E4: 2011年河南郑州; E5: 2011年河南濮阳;, E6: 2011年河南漯河。Fig. 2 QTL location of 100-kernel weight on the linkage mapSSR marker names are listed on the left of chromosomes. The black vertical lines on the right of chromosomes represent the QTL intervals, which was calculated based on the overlap mapping method and the marker’s location on the maize SSR linkage map, IBM2 2008 Neighbors. E1: Zhengzhou 2010; E2: Puyang 2010; E3: Sanya 2010; E4: Zhengzhou 2011; E5: Puyang 2011; E6: Luohe 2011.

表1 试验鉴定出的20个玉米百粒重QTLTable 1 QTLs for 100-kernel weight

本研究中, 位于Bin5.05区的百粒重QTL q100kw-5-3(bnlg278-umc1680)在6个试验环境中均被重复检出。彭勃等^[1]、Lu等^[21]、Li等^[25]、Yan等^[27]、兰进好等^[31]、向道权等^[32]和Austin等^[33]利用不同的定位群体在该区域内均检测到百粒重QTL, Lu等^[21]和Austin和Lee^[33]的研究均认为bnlg278-umc1680这个基因组区段内的百粒重QTL为主效的。对鉴定出百粒重QTL q100kw-5-3的单片段代换系纯合体与郑58杂交构建的仅在SSR标记bnlg278-umc1680染色体区段分离的F_2:3次级分离群体的百粒重表型和分子标记的连锁分析表明, 在该基因组区域SSR标记umc1680附近确实存在一个效应较大的百粒重主效QTL, 其百粒重效应主要来源于粒长的变化(数据尚未发表)。

马金亮^[35]利用郑58×昌7-2的225个F_2:3家系, 2007年在河南郑州、河南济源、四川西昌和2008年在河南郑州、河南济源5个试验环境中, 分析玉米的百粒重QTL, 共鉴定出15个百粒重QTL, 在本研究涵盖的31.5%的基因组区域内共鉴定出5个百粒重QTL, 而本研究在相同的区域内检测到20个百粒重QTL, 说明使用高代回交的极端材料SSSL可以检测到更多的QTL。类似的研究结果在水稻上也得到了验证。Yano等^[36]用粳稻品种(Nipponbare)和籼稻品种(Kasalath)杂交, 利用其不同的后代群体研究控制水稻抽穗天数(heading date, Hd)的QTL。发现在F₂群体中可以鉴定出5个抽穗天数QTL ( Hd1~ Hd5)^[37], 在BC₁F₅中可以鉴定出8个抽穗天数QTL ( Hd1~ Hd5、 Hd7、 Hd11和 Hd14)^[38], 在高代回交群体, 如BC₃F₂或BC₄F₂中可以鉴定出14个抽穗天数QTL ( Hd1~ Hd14)^[39,40]。结果表明, 用次级群体检出的目标QTL数量多于初级群体。

检索已经报道的有关玉米籽粒大小的突变体基因文献^{[41,42,43,44,45,46]}, 发现在本研究检测到玉米百粒重QTL的20个基因组区域的9个中存在影响籽粒发育的突变基因。玉米小粒基因 Mn1座位编码细胞壁转化酶, 造成籽粒中吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量减少、蔗糖浓度增加、胚乳发育受阻^[41], Mn1与本研究定位的 q100kw-2-1位于相同的基因组区域。Sheridan和Neuffer^[42,43]报道了150多份玉米籽粒缺陷突变体, 其中造成玉米籽粒变小的基因 de*-N1175和 smk*- N1529分别与本研究定位的 q100kw-2-4和 q100kw- 5-2座位相同。Scanlon等^[44]对63份影响玉米籽粒发育的突变体进行了遗传分析, 其中造成籽粒缩小、胚乳凹陷的基因 mn3与本研究定位的 q100kw-6-1均位于Bin6.01区。Neuffer等^[45,46]列出了458个已经定位的玉米籽粒性状突变体基因, 其中影响玉米籽粒发育的基因 smk*-N1057A、 mn*-N1120A、 smk*- N1160、 dek28、 o*-N1368、 o*-N1046分别与本研究定位的 q100kw-1-1、 q100kw-2-2、 q100kw-5-3、 q100kw-6-1、 q100kw-6-2、 q100kw-10-1位于相同的基因组区域。

郑58和昌7-2作为中国玉米自交系的典型代表, 已经完成重测序, 有大量的SNP、IDP分子标记和保守序列可供使用^[47], 这些为本试验中鉴定出的主效百粒重QTL的进一步精细定位和克隆奠定了一个良好的基础。

4 结论

基于玉米染色体单片段代换系, 在玉米基因组31.5%的范围内, 共鉴定出20个玉米百粒重QTL, 其中14个在2个以上试验环境中被重复检出, 位于玉米第5染色体Bin5.05区SSR分子标记bnlg278- umc1680附近的百粒重主效QTL q100kw-5-3是进一步研究和利用的重点。

参考文献

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2010

0.0

1.8267

Acta Agronomica Sinica. 2010, 36(11):1832 - 1842 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01832

QTL Analysis for Yield Components and Kernel-Related Traits in Maize under Different Water Regimes

不同水分环境下玉米产量构成因子及籽粒相关性状的QTL分析

PENG Bo¹,WANG Yang^1,**,LI Yong-Xiang¹,LIU Cheng²,LIU Zhi-Zhai¹,WANG Di¹,TAN Wei-Wei¹,ZHANG Yan¹,SUN Bao-Cheng²,SHI Yun-Su¹,SONG Yan-Chun¹,WANG Tian-Yu^1,*,LI Yu^1,*

彭勃¹,王阳^1,**,李永祥¹,刘成²,刘志斋^1,3,王迪¹,谭巍巍¹,张岩¹,孙宝成²,石云素¹,宋燕春¹,王天宇^1,*,黎裕^1,*

1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2 Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830000, China; 3 Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China

Maize yield and yield-related traits are seriously affected by water stress. Therefore, detecting quantitative trait locus (QTL) for yield components and kernel-related traits, analyzing the stability of QTLs and exploiting constitutive QTLs under different water regimes are of great importance in marker-assisted breeding for drought tolerance in maize. In this study two F_2:3populations derived from Qi319×Huangzaosi (Q/H) and Ye478×Huangzaosi (Y/H) were used to investigate the genetic basis of yield components and kernel-related traits under different water regimes in Xinjiang (including well-water and water-stress environments) by stepwise joint QTL mapping method. The results showed that above 70% of the QTLs for yield components and kernel-related traits expressed stably under the same water regime across the two years. The QTLs detected in water-stress environments were less stable than those in well-water environments across the two years in Xinjiang. The joint analysis combining data of all environments indicated that the stability of the QTLs for all traits decreased, but above 60% of them still expressed stably. A total of 11 constitutive QTLs (with contribution rate more than10% in at least one environment, detected in more than two environments based on single environment analysis) distributed on bin1.10, 2.00, 4.09, 7.02, 9.02, 10.04 and 10.07 were detected in the two populations, and all of them except bin10.04 were stable across all environments. Consequently, most of the QTLs for yield components and kernel-related traits stably expressed under the same water regime across different years, and even under different water regimes in Xinjiang. These constitutive QTLs may provide references for molecular breeding and further basic studies.

干旱胁迫对玉米产量及其相关性状有重要影响。本研究以我国玉米育种骨干亲本齐319和掖478分别和黄早四组配构建的两个F_2:3群体为材料，应用逐步联合分析的QTL定位方法，剖析新疆不同水分环境下(包含水区和旱区)玉米产量构成因子及籽粒相关性状的遗传基础。结果表明，在相同水分处理不同年份间产量构成因子和籽粒相关性状超过70%的QTL可稳定表达，旱区QTL的稳定性明显低于水区，当全部环境联合分析时，各性状QTL稳定性呈现一定程度的降低，但超过60%的QTL仍然稳定表达。两群体中共检测到11个环境钝感的主效QTL(在2个以上环境中检测到，且至少在一个环境下的贡献率大于10%)，分布在bin1.10、2.00、4.09、7.02、9.02、10.04和10.07共7个基因组区段上，除bin10.04外所有环境钝感的主效QTL在全部环境下稳定表达。因此，玉米产量构成因子和籽粒相关性状的QTL在新疆相同水分处理不同年份间，甚至不同水分条件下大部分均可稳定表达，这些主效QTL位点可为抗旱分子育种和进一步精细定位提供参考。

... 彭勃等^[1]以我国玉米骨干自交系黄早四分别与齐319和掖478组配构建的2个F_2:3群体为材料, 定位出5个百粒重QTL ...

... 彭勃等^[1]、Lu等^[21]、Li等^[25]、Yan等^[27]、兰进好等^[31]、向道权等^[32]和Austin等^[33]利用不同的定位群体在该区域内均检测到百粒重QTL, Lu等^[21]和Austin和Lee^[33]的研究均认为bnlg278-umc1680这个基因组区段内的百粒重QTL为主效的 ...

2007

0.0

1.8267

Acta Agronomica Sinica. 2007, 33(8):1299 - 1303

Genetic Dissection for Grain Yield and Its Components Using an “Immortalized F₂ Population”in Maize

利用“永久F2”群体剖析玉米产量及其相关性状的遗传机制

TNAG Ji-Hua¹²,YAN Jian-Bing¹,MA Xi-Qing¹,TENG Wen-Tao¹,MENG Yi-Jiang¹,DAI Jing-Rui¹,Li Jian-Sheng^1*

汤继华^1,2;严建兵¹;马西青¹;腾文涛¹;孟义江¹;戴景瑞¹;李建生^1,*

1 National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094; 2 Department of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China

Genetic dissection for grain yield and its components can provide a new strategy for crop breeding, and it play an important role in improving agricultural production. For dissecting the genetic basis of grain yield and its components, a set of recombinant inbred line (RIL) derived from an elite maize hybrid Yuyu 22, which is planted broadly in China, was used to constructed an “immortalized F₂”(IF2) maize (Zea mays L.) populations including 441 single crosses. The frequency of molecular marker loci for the IF2 population was analyzed using 253 different SSR markers, the results demonstrated that the genetic components and gene frequency of the IF2 population was similar to its F₂ population in molecular maker level, theoretically it could replace F₂ population in related genetic analyses. The IF2 population was evaluated in one environment over two years, and the genetic mechanism of grain yield and its components was dissected through QTL analysis using composite interval mapping (CIM) method. These results showed that grain yield had positive significant correlation with its three components at P<0.01 or P<0.05 level, and in the three components, ear length had negative significant correlation with row number and 100-grian weight at P<0.05 level. A total of 8 QTL were detected for grain yield, 8 for ear length, 11 for row number and 5 for 100-grain weight.

利用RIL群体构建了一套包含441个杂交组合的玉米“永久F₂”群体，通过253个SSR标记的等位基因频率分析，发现“永久F₂”群体的遗传组成与基因频率与F₂群体相似，理论上可以代替F₂群体进行相关遗传研究。通过两年一点的田间试验，利用复合区间作图法对玉米产量及其3个主要构成因子进行了遗传分析。结果表明，玉米产量与穗长、穗行数及百粒重呈显著或极显著正相关，而穗长与穗行数和百粒重显著负相关。共定位3个产量QTL、8个穗长QTL，11个穗行数QTL和5个百粒重QTL。

... 汤继华等^[2]利用一套包含441个杂交组合的玉米“永久F₂”群体, 鉴定出5个百粒重QTL ...

2011

0.0

1.4522

Scientia Agricultura Sinica. 2011, 44(17):3508 - 3519 DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2011.17.003

QTL Mapping for Grain Yield Associated Traits Using Ye 478 Introgression Lines in Maize

基于掖478导入系的玉米产量性状QTL鉴定

ZHAO Pu, LIU Rui-Xiang, LI Cheng-Pu, XING Xiang-Ru, CAO Xiao-Liang, TAO Yong-Sheng, ZHANG Zu-Xin

赵璞, 刘瑞响, 李成璞, 邢向茹, 曹晓良, 陶勇生, 张祖新

1. 河北农业大学农学院/国家玉米改良中心河北分中心
2. 华中农业大学植物科学技术学院/作物遗传改良国家重点实验室

【Objective】 The purpose of this investigation was to identify QTL (Quantitative Trait Locus) for maize yield related traits and those introgression lines containing favorable alleles. 【Method】 Two maize inbred lines, QB80 and Qi319 were used as the donor parents, respectively, and the Ye478 as the recurrent parent, two introgression line populations consisting of 61 and 72 family lines were constructed by backcrossing combined with directional selection, respectively. The two introgression line populations were evaluated across 4 environments in 2 years. The QTLs for yield and related traits were detected by stepwise regression (RSTEP-LRT) using Windows QTL ICI Mapping software. 【Result】 A total of 49 QTLs for 9 traits were identified in the population with QB80 as the donor, and 42 QTLs for 9 traits were identified in the population with Qi319 as the donor under four environments. Of which 16 QTLs were detected across not less than two environments. In addition, some QTLs for same trait detected in different environments were located in the same chromosome regions, and those QTLs for diverse traits were also located in the same or adjacent chromosome region, forming several multiple QTL-rich regions. The less consistent QTL was detected in two populations, indicating that the two donors contain different sets of favorable alleles. And the yield associated traits of those lines containing favorable introgression segments or alleles were significantly improved, implicating those lines are available for improving of Ye478 by QTL pyramiding. 【Conclusion】 The genetic difference between QB80 and Ye 478 is more than that of Qi319 and Ye478 , therefore, more yield trait QTL can be detected. Those introgression lines containing favorable alleles can be used to improve Ye478 by designed QTL pyramiding. The detected QTL-rich regions have given a subset of important chromosome regions for fine mapping and cloning of genes for yield associated traits.

目的】鉴定玉米产量相关性状基因位点及包含有利等位基因的导入系，为了解产量性状形成的遗传基础及针对玉米自交系产量性状的分子设计提供参考和依据。【方法】以QB80和Qi319为供体亲本，掖478为轮回亲本，采用回交结合定向选择，分别构建含有61和72个家系的基础导入系群体。通过2年4点田间试验，利用完备复合区间作图进行产量及其相关性状的QTL（quantitative trait locus，QTL）分析。【结果】4个环境下，在QB80为供体的导入系群体中，共检测到9个性状的49个QTL；在Qi319为供体的导入系群体中，检测到9个性状的42个QTL。在2个及以上环境中均检测到的QTL有16个。同一性状在不同环境下所检测的QTL定位在相同的染色体区域，不同性状的QTL也定位在相同或临近的染色体区域，形成多个QTL富集区。2个群体所检测的QTL位点具有较少的一致性，说明2个供体材料中含有不同的有利基因位点。同时，导入片段中含有利基因的导入系，其相关性状明显得以改良，这些导入系可用于QTL聚合以改良掖478的产量相关性状。【结论】QB80较Qi319与掖478间的遗传差异更大，能检测更多的产量性状QTL；2个导入系群体中含有优良等位基因的导入系可用于QTL聚合改良掖478；QTL富集区是为产量性状基因的克隆提供可供参考的重要染色体区域。

... 赵璞等^[3]在掖478×QB80的BC₄F₂群体和掖478×齐319的BC₄F₂群体中分别定位出4个和3个百粒重QTL ...

2009

3.297

0.0

THEOR APPL GENET. 2009, 119(5):913 - 930 DOI:10.1007/s00122-009-1099-x

Drought stress and tropical maize: QTL-by-environment interactions and stability of QTLs across environments for yield components and secondary traits

Rainer Messmer(1) Yvan Fracheboud(1) Marianne B?nziger(2) Mateo Vargas(3) Peter Stamp(1) Jean-Marcel Ribaut(4)

1.ETH Zurich, Institute of Plant Sciences, Universitaetstrasse 2, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
2.International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), P.O. Box 1041, Village Market-00621 ICRAF House, United Nations Avenue, Nairobi, Kenya
3.International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico
4.Generation Challenge Programme, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo. Postal 6-641, 06600 Mexico, DF Mexico

A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was evaluated in seven field experiments representing four environments: water stress at flowering (WS) and well-watered (WW) conditions in Mexico and Zimbabwe. The QTLs were identified for each trait in each individual experiment (single-experiment analysis) as well as per environment, per water regime across locations and across all experiments (joint analyses). For the six target traits (male flowering, anthesis-to-silking interval, grain yield, kernel number, 100-kernel fresh weight and plant height) 81, 57, 51 and 34 QTLs were identified in the four step-wise analyses, respectively. Despite high values of heritability, the phenotypic variance explained by QTLs was reduced, indicating epistatic interactions. About 80, 60 and 6% of the QTLs did not present significant QTL-by-environment interactions (QTL × E) in the joint analyses per environment, per water regime and across all experiments. The expression of QTLs was quite stable across years at a given location and across locations under the same water regime. However, the stability of QTLs decreased drastically when data were combined across water regimes, reflecting a different genetic basis of the target traits in the drought and well-watered trials. Several clusters of QTLs for different traits were identified by the joint analyses of the WW (chromosomes 1 and 8) and WS (chromosomes 1, 3 and 5) treatments and across water regimes (chromosome 1). Those regions are clear targets for future marker-assisted breeding, and our results confirm that the best approach to breeding for drought tolerance includes selection under water stress.

... Messmer等^[4]利用CML444×SC-Malawi ...

1994

0.0

... Doebley等^[5]在R×P和C×M两个群体的F₂代中分别定位到5个和4个粒重QTL ...

1994

0.0

... Goldman等^[6]用IHP×ILP的F₃群体定位出15个粒重QTL ...

2006

0.0

0.7042

Nong Ye Sheng Wu Ji Shu Xue Bao. 2006, (1):128 - 134

Prospect of the Secondary Populations in Crop

作物次级群体的研究进展

XIZhang-Ying;WUJian-Yu

席章营;吴建宇

用于作物数量性状基因座(QTL)定位研究的次级群体有近等基因系、导入系、染色体片段代换系等.次级群体是用于QTL鉴定、精细定位、互作分析、图位克隆、品种改良等的良好材料.相对于初级群体而言,次级群体是在相似的遗传背景下进行QTL分析,消除了大部分遗传背景的干扰和QTL之间的互作,提高了QTL分析的灵敏度和准确性.概述了作物次级群体库的构建及利用的研究进展,讨论了基于次级群体理论发展起来的染色体单片段代换系在作物遗传育种中的利用价值.

... 作物染色体单片段代换系(SSSL)及其类似材料是近年来发展起来的一种作图群体, 基于SSSL可以对作物产量等复杂性状进行全基因组分析, 可以把复杂性状基因分解到位于某个染色体片段上的单个孟德尔因子^[7] ...

1995

0.0

... Eshed和Zamir^[8]利用50个番茄的单片段导入系对番茄的多个性状进行了QTL鉴定 ...

2003

0.0

0.9082

Mol. Plant Breed.. 2003, (4):562 - 564

Development of Single Segment Substitution lines(SSSLs)and QTL Analysis in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

水稻单片段替换系群体的建立及QTL分析

何风华;张桂权

农作物大多数性状都是由多基因控制的数量性状,对数量性状基因座(quantitative trait loci, QTL)进行鉴定和定位对作物遗传育种具有重要意义.单片段替换系(single segment substitution lines,SSSL)消除了遗传背景的干扰,是用于QTL分析的重要试验材料.本研究以6个水稻品种为供体,利用回交和微卫星标记辅助选择相结合的方法,建立了以华粳籼74为遗传背景的水稻单片段替换系群体,并选用其中的59个单片段替换系对水稻24个重要农艺性状的QTL进行了鉴定;还利用一个单片段替换系的次级分离群体对抽穗期基因Hd-3-1进行了定位.主要试验结果如下:1对供体亲本苏御糯、IR64、IRAT261、成龙水晶米、Lemont和IAPAR9与华粳籼74之间的微卫星标记多态性进行了检测,6个供体亲本与华粳籼74之间的多态率分别为56.33%、34.93%、59.31%、33.19%、55.90%和56.55%.2 对回交的遗传效应进行了分析,在BC2F1和BC3F1单株中检出替换片段的平均数分别为8.93个和4.37个,在BC2F1和BC3F1单株中检出替换片段的平均长度分别为32.23cM和27.63cM,BC2F1和BC3F1受体亲本基因组的回复率分别为81.55%和92.32%.3 建立了118个以华粳籼74为遗传背景的单片段替换系,其中包括86个不同的单片段替换系.这些单片段替换系分布于水稻12条染色体上,10号染色体上的单片段替换系最多,有16个.单片段替换系中替换片段的平均长度为23.0cM,全部单片段替换系对水稻基因组的覆盖率为57.11%.4 利用59个单片段替换系对水稻24个重要农艺性状的QTL进行了鉴定,总共鉴定出了248个QTL,分别为25个抽穗期QTL、1个有效穗数QTL、13个穗颈长QTL、16个株高QTL、5个穗长QTL、7个倒一节间长QTL、8个倒二节间长QTL、4个倒三节间长QTL、7个倒四节间长QTL、12个剑叶长QTL、22个剑叶宽QTL、13个倒二叶长QTL、14个倒二叶宽QTL、4个倒三叶长QTL、12个倒三叶宽QTL、14个一次枝梗数QTL、2个二次枝梗数QTL、5个总粒数QTL、10个结实率QTL、6个着粒密度QTL、11个粒长QTL、13个粒宽QTL、11个粒形QTL、13个粒重QTL.5 利用替换作图法对一些QTL进行了定位,将其中22个QTL定位在10cM的区段以内.6 利用一个单片段替换系的次级分离群体,将完全显性早熟基因Hd-3-1定位在3号染色体短臂上,微卫星标记PSM304、PSM305和PSM306位于Hd-3-1靠近短臂末端的一侧,与Hd-3-1的遗传距离分别为2.4cM、2.7cM和3.3cM;RM569和RM231位于另一侧,与Hd-3-1的遗传距离分别为5.1cM和8.9cM.本研究建立了单片段替换系的构建和QTL鉴定的试验技术体系,为分子标记技术应用于作物遗传育种提供了新的思路和途径.

... 何凤华^[9]基于59个SSSL对水稻的24个农艺性状进行了QTL分析 ...

2004

0.0

... 席章营^[10]利用326份SSSL对水稻的24个重要农艺性状进行了QTL鉴定, 检测出701个QTL ...

2005

0.0

... He等^[11]利用52份SSSL材料对水稻株高及其组成因子进行了QTL鉴定, 检测到24个QTL ...

2008

3.297

0.0

THEOR APPL GENET. 2008, 116(7):923 - 931 DOI:10.1007/s00122-008-0724-4

Detection of QTLs with additive effects and additive-by-environment interaction effects on panicle number in rice (Oryza sativa L.) with single-segment substitution lines

Guifu Liu(1) Zemin Zhang(1) Haitao Zhu(1) Fangming Zhao(1) Xiaohua Ding(1) Ruizhen Zeng(1) Wentao Li(1) Guiquan Zhang(1)

1.Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 People’s Republic of China

A novel population consisting of 35 single-segment substitution lines (SSSLs) originating from crosses between the recipient parent, Hua-jing-xian 74 (HJX74), and 17 donor parents was evaluated in six cropping season environments to reveal the genetic basis of genetic main effect (G) and genotype-by-environment interaction effect (GE) for panicle number (PN) in rice. Subsets of lines were grown in up to six environments. An indirect analysis method was applied, in which the total genetic effect was first partitioned into G and GE by using the mixed linear-model approach, and then QTL (quantitative trait locus) analyses on these effects were conducted separately. At least 18 QTLs for PN in rice were detected and identified on 9 of 12 rice chromosomes. A single QTL effect (a + ae) ranging from −1.5 to 1.2 was divided into two components, additive effect (a) and additive × environment interaction effect (ae). A total number of 9 and 16 QTLs were identified witha ranging from −0.4 to 0.6 andae ranging from −1.0 to 0.6, respectively, the former being stable but the latter unstable across environments. Three types of QTLs were suggested according to their effects expressed. Two QTLs (Pn-1b andPn-6d) expressed stably across environments due to the association with onlya, nine QTLs (Pn-1a, Pn-3c, Pn-3d, Pn-4, Pn-6a, Pn-6b, Pn-8, Pn-9 andPn-12) with onlyae were unstable, and the remaining seven of QTLs were identified with botha andae, which also were unstable across environments. This is the first report on the detection of QE (QTL-by-environment interaction effect) of QTLs with SSSLs. Our results illustrate the efficiency of characterizing QTLs and analyzing action of QTLs through SSSLs, and further demonstrate that QE is an important property of many QTLs. Information provided in this paper could be used in the application of marker-assisted selection to manipulate PN in rice.

... Liu等^[12]利用SSSL对水稻穗数QTL及其与环境间互作进行了研究 ...

2012

0.0

... 王帮太等^[13]构建了以87-1为受体、综3为供体的51份SSSL, 对玉米的穗长进行了QTL分析 ...

2012

0.0

... Lu等^[14]基于59份SSSL, 对玉米的株高进行了QTL分析 ...

... 1 试验材料及田间鉴定以中国玉米骨干自交系郑58为受体, 昌7-2为供体, 利用杂交、回交和比较均匀地分布于玉米全基因组上的146对SSR分子标记的辅助选择, 共获得了108份以郑58为遗传背景的昌7-2的染色体单片段代换系(SSSL)^[14] ...

2009

3.297

0.0

THEOR APPL GENET. 2009, 118(3):443 - 453 DOI:10.1007/s00122-008-0911-3

Dynamic expression of nine QTLs for tiller number detected with single segment substitution lines in rice

Guifu Liu(1) Ruizhen Zeng(1) Haitao Zhu(1) Zemin Zhang(1) Xiaohua Ding(1) Fangming Zhao(1) Wentao Li(1) Guiquan Zhang(1)

1.South China Agricultural University Guangdong Key Lab of Plant Molecular Breeding 510642 Guangzhou People’s Republic of China

Nine single segment substitution lines (SSSLs) in rice, which contain quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tiller number on substituted segments detected in previous studies, were selected as materials to analyse dynamic expression of the QTLs in this study. These SSSLs and their recipient parent, Hua-jing-xian 74 (HJX74), were grown in four different environments and were measured for tiller number at nine different growth stages. An indirect methodology was applied in QTL mapping through analyzing multi-environment phenotypic data. Dynamics of three types of effects (including total effect, main effect, and QE interaction effect) of QTLs was released. It was shown that nine QTLs exhibited statistically significant effects only at certain stages. Effects of a QTL, although insignificant at certain stages, displayed dynamic change with the growth of rice plants. Two common features of nine QTLs were detected, one is no expression within 7 days after transplanting, and the other is opposite expression existed during the whole growth period. Nine QTLs largely focused on expression in certain stages, and accordingly were suggested to partition into three types, expression in prophase, both in prophase and in anaphase, and evenly during the whole stage. It may be reasonable explanation that dynamics of main effects of QTLs are likely due to gene expression selectly at certain times, while dynamics of QE interaction effects of QTLs might attribute to the subrogation of environmental factors. Examination of the association between QE interaction effect and specified environmental factors across stages may provide useful information on how an environmental factor regulates QTL expression.

... Liu等^[15]利用SSSL对控制水稻分蘖数的9个QTL的动态表达进行了分析 ...

2012

0.0

... Zhang等^[16]利用染色体单片段导入系对控制番茄果实大小的主效QTL (fw3 ...

2000

0.0

... Frary等^[17]利用含有1个供体片段的导入系, 克隆了控制番茄果实大小的主效QTL (fw2 ...

1990

0.0

... 用重叠群作图法^[18]确定QTL区间, 不同代换片段上的QTL, 如果有重叠区域, 则认为是同一个QTL ...

1997

0.0

... QTL命名参考McCouch等^[19]的命名规则 ...

2008

0.0

... 5%的59份玉米SSSL, 在2年6个试验环境中对玉米百粒重进行了表型鉴定, 利用t测验和重叠群作图法, 共鉴定出20个玉米百粒重QTL, 其中16个(q100kw-1-2, q100kw-1-3, q100kw-2-1, q100kw-2-2, q100kw-2-3, q100kw-2-4, q100kw-3-1, q100kw-4-1, q100kw-4-2, q100kw-5-1, q100kw-5-2, q100kw-5-3, q100kw-6-1, q100kw-6-3, q100kw-10-1, q100kw-10-2)与前人^{[20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]} 的研究结果处在相同或相近的染色体座位上(表1), 4个(q100kw-1-1, q100kw-6-2, q100kw-9-1, q100kw-9-2)暂时没有检索到相关的文献, 可能是新的百粒重QTL ...

2006

2.534

0.7555

J INTEGR PLANT BIOL. 2006, (10):1233 - 1243

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Maize Yield and Its Components Under Different Water Treatments at Flowering Time

2005

0.0

1.8267

Acta Agronomica Sinica. 2005, 31(2):188 - 196

QTL Mapping of Quantitative Traits in Maize

玉米数量性状基因定位

YANG Jun-Pin;RONG Ting-Zhao;XIANG Dao-Quan;TANG Hai-Tao;HUANG Lie-Jian;DAI Jing-Rui

杨俊品;荣廷昭;向道权;唐海涛;黄烈健;戴景瑞

Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, Sichuan

166 F2∶3 lines derived from a single cross between inbred lines 48-2 and 5003, together with two parents and F1 were grown in a 13×13 a-lattice design of one-row plots with three replicates at in Chengdu and Ya’an, Sichuan Province, and evaluated for plant height, ear height, ear length，rare ear

以48-2×5003的166个F2:3 家系作为定位群体，采用13×13a-简单格子方设计，在成都、雅安分别调查了株高、穗位高、穗长、秃尖长、穗行数、行粒数、穗粗、轴粗、粒深、300粒重、出籽率、小区产量等12个经济性状，采用区间作图法对其进行QTL定位分析，共检测出59个QTL，每个性状检测出3～8个QTL，单个QTL的作用可解释表型变异

1994

0.0

2006

1.321

0.0

CHINESE SCI BULL. 2006, 51(12):1413 - 1420 DOI:10.1007/s11434-006-2012-5

New field of cryptography: DNA cryptography

XIAO Guozhen(1);LU Mingxin(1);QIN Lei(2);LAI Xuejia(3)

XIAO Guozhen1, LU Mingxin1, QIN Lei2 & LAI Xuejia3 1. National Key Lab of ISN, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China; 2. Queen’s University, Cancer Research Institute, 10 Stuart St. Kingston, ON K7L3N6, Canada; 3. Department of Computer Science & Engineer, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai 200030, China

DNA cryptography is a new born cryp- tographic field emerged with the research of DNA computing, in which DNA is used as information car- rier and the modern biological technology is used as implementation tool. The vast parallelism and ex- traordinary information density inherent in DNA molecules are explored for cryptographic purposes such as encryption, authentication, signature, and so on. In this paper, we briefly introduce the biological background of DNA cryptography and the principle of DNA computing, summarize the progress of DNA cryptographic research and several key problems, discuss the trend of DNA cryptography, and compare the status, security and application fields of DNA cryptography with those of traditional cryptography and quantum cryptography. It is pointed out that all the three kinds of cryptography have their own ad- vantages and disadvantages and complement each other in future practical application. The current main difficulties of DNA cryptography are the absence of effective secure theory and simple realizable method. The main goal of the research of DNA cryptography is exploring characteristics of DNA molecule and reac- tion, establishing corresponding theories, discovering possible development directions, searching for sim- ple methods of realizing DNA cryptography, and lay- ing the basis for future development.

DNA cryptography is a new born cryptographic field emerged with the research of DNA computing, in which DNA is used as information carrier and the modern biological technology is used as implementation tool. The vast parallelism and ex-traordinary information density inherent in DNA molecules are explored for cryptographic purposes such as encryption, authentication, signature, and so on. In this paper, we briefly introduce the biological background of DNA cryptography and the principle of DNA computing, summarize the progress of DNA cryptographic research and several key problems, discuss the trend of DNA cryptography, and compare the status, security and application fields of DNA cryptography with those of traditional cryptography and quantum cryptography. It is pointed out that all the three kinds of cryptography have their own ad-vantages and disadvantages and complement each other in future practical application. The current main difficulties of DNA cryptography are the absence of effective secure theory and simple realizable method. The main goal of the research of DNA cryptography is exploring characteristics of DNA molecule and reac-tion, establishing corresponding theories, discovering possible development directions, searching for sim-ple methods of realizing DNA cryptography, and lay-ing the basis for future development.

2011

0.0

1998

0.0

2006

1.554

0.0

EUPHYTICA. 2006, 149(1-2):121 - 131 DOI:10.1007/s10681-005-9060-9

Quantitative trait loci mapping and epistatic analysis for grain yield and yield components using molecular markers with an elite maize hybrid

Jian-bing Yan(12) Hua Tang(2) Yi-qin Huang(2) Yong-lian Zheng(2) Jian-sheng Li(1)

1.National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, 100094 Beijing, China
2.National Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huanzhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China

The aim of this investigation was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain yield and yield components in maize and to analyze the role of epistasis in controlling these traits. An F_2:3 population from an elite hybrid (Zong3 × 87-1) was used to evaluate grain yield and yield components in two locations (Wuhan and Xiangfan, China) using a randomized complete-block design. The mapping population included 266 F_2:3 family lines. A genetic linkage map containing 150 simple sequence repeats and 24 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers was constructed, spanning a total of 2531.6 cM with an average interval of 14.5 cM. A logarithm-of-odds threshold of 2.8 was used as the criterion to confirm the presence of one QTL after 1000 permutations. Twenty-nine QTL were detected for four yield traits, with 11 of them detected simultaneously in both locations. Single QTL contribution to phenotypic variations ranged from 3.7% to 16.8%. Additive, partial dominance, dominance, and overdominance effects were all identified for investigated traits. A greater proportion of overdominance effects was always observed for traits that exhibited higher levels of heterosis. At theP ≤ 0.005 level with 1000 random permutations, 175 and 315 significant digenic interactions were detected in two locations for four yield traits using all possible locus pairs of molecular markers. Twenty-four significant digenic interactions were simultaneously detected for four yield traits at both locations. All three possible digenic interaction types were observed for investigated traits. Each of the interactions accounted for only a small proportion of the phenotypic variation, with an average of 4.0% for single interaction. Most interactions (74.9%) occurred among marker loci, in which significant effects were not detected by single-locus analysis. Some QTL (52.2%) detected by single-locus analysis were involved in epistatic interactions. These results demonstrate that digenic interactions at the two-locus level might play an important role in the genetic basis of maize heterosis.

1999

0.0

2007

0.0

2012

2.852

0.0

MOL BREEDING. 2012, 29(2):313 - 333 DOI:10.1007/s11032-011-9548-z

Detection and integration of quantitative trait loci for grain yield components and oil content in two connected recombinant inbred line populations of high-oil maize

Guohu Yang⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾,Yuling Li

⁽¹⁾,Qilei Wang⁽¹⁾,Yuguang Zhou⁽¹⁾,Qiang Zhou⁽¹⁾,Bingtao Shen⁽¹⁾,Feifei Zhang⁽¹⁾,Xiaojie Liang⁽¹⁾

1.College of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural College, 95 Wenhua Rd, Zhengzhou, China

2.Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Science, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China

Abstract
Improvement in grain yield is an important objective in high-oil maize breeding. In this study, one high-oil maize inbred was crossed with two normal maize inbreds to produce two connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations with 282 and 263 F_7:8 families, respectively. The field experiments were conducted under four environments, and eight grain yield components and grain oil content were evaluated. Two genetic linkage maps were constructed using 216 and 208 polymorphic SSR markers. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for all traits under each environment and in combined analysis. Meta-analysis was used to integrate genetic maps and detected QTL in both populations. A total of 199 QTL were detected, 122 in population 1 and 87 in population 2. Seven, 11 and 19 QTL showed consistency across five environments, across two RIL populations and with respective F_2:3 generations, respectively. 183 QTL were integrated in 28 meta-QTL (mQTL). QTL with contributions over 15% were consistently detected in 3–4 cases and integrated in mQTL. Each mQTL included 3–19 QTL related to 1–4 traits, reflecting remarkable QTL co-location for grain yield components and oil content. Further research and marker-assisted selection (MAS) should be concentrated on 37 consistent QTL and four genetic regions of mQTL with more than 10 QTL at bins 3.04–3.05, 7.02, 8.04–8.05 and 9.04–9.05. Near-isogenic lines for 100-grain-weight QTL at bin 7.02–7.03, for ear-length QTL at bin 7.02–7.03 and for rows-per-ear QTL at bin 3.08 are now in construction using MAS. Co-located candidate genes could facilitate the identification of candidate genes for grain yield in maize.

2005

0.0

1.8267

Acta Agronomica Sinica. 2005, 31(10):1253 - 1259

QTL Analysis of Yield Components in Maize under Different Environments

不同生态环境下玉米产量性状QTL分析

LAN Jin-Hao;LI Xin-Hai;GAO Shu-Ren;ZHANG Bao-Shi;ZHANG Shi-Huang

兰进好;李新海;高树仁;张宝石;张世煌

1Institute of Crop Sciences，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding，Ministry of Agriculture，Beijing 100081

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the crops studied widely by QTL mapping. There are a lot of reports about QTL for important traits, including yield components, plant height, grain moisture and growth data and so on. Thereinto, grain yield is a very complicated quantitative trait, existing interactions not only with gene by gene, but also gene by environment. Studying the relationship of the interaction between genes and environments and finding the yield QTL expressed in given environment are of importance in practice for cultivating new varieties adapting to some area. If consensus QTL of yield and its adjacent marker can be found, it will provide possibility for molecular breeding by marker assisted selection (MAS). The objective of this experiment was to analysis the expression character of QTL controlling yield, and to detect common genetic loci of yield, as well as adjacent marker, in different environment, which could provide technical basis for fine mapping of yield QTL and MAS. One hundred and ninety-one F₂ individuals derived from the cross, Mo17×Huangzao4, were genotyped by SSR and AFLP markers to construct the genetic linkage map, and 184 corresponding F_2∶3 families were phenotyped for maize yield components in Beijing and Xinjiang. The performance and correlations among 5 yield components including ears per plant (EPP), row number per ear (RN), kernel number per row (KR), 100-kernel weight (KW) and grain yield per plant (GY) were evaluated, and the quantitative trait loci (QTL) were characterized. Totally, 47 QTLs were identified for 5 traits, locating on 9 chromosomes with exception of the chromosome 10. 10, 13, 9, 10 and 5 QTLs were detected for EPP, RN, KR, KW and GY, respectively. Each of these QTLs could explain 5.3% to 25.6% phenotypic variation of EPP, 4.5% to 23.2% of RN, 5.4% to 13.7% of KR, 4.9% to 13.3% of KW and 6.1% to 35.8% of GY. Most of the QTLs are detected in single environment, indicating the significant interactions between QTL and environments. Different QTLs relevant to the yield components which are correlated each other can be identified easily in the same or adjacent chromosome regions. Several regions with clustered QTLs relevant to multiple yield components identified in the study may provide the genetic loci of the universal yield QTLs.

以玉米（Zea mays L.）自交系黄早四和Mo17为亲本得到的191个F₂单株为作图群体，衍生的184个F_2∶3 家系作为性状评价群体，分析了单株穗数、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重和单株籽粒产量在北京和新疆2个生态环境下的表现和数量性状基因位点的定位结果。QTL检测结果表明，2个环境共检测出47个QTL，分布于除第10染色体以外的9条染色体，其中与单株穗数相关的QTL共10个，可解释的表型变异为5.3%~25.6%；与穗行数相关的QTL共13个，可解释的表型变异为4.5%~23.2%；与行粒数相关的QTL有9个，解释的表型变异为5.4%~13.7%；与百粒重相关的QTL达10个，可解释的表型变异为4.9%~13.3%；与单株籽粒产量相关的QTL有5个，可解释的表型变异为6.1%~35.8 %。大部分产量QTL只在单一环境下被检测到，说明产量相关QTL与环境之间存在明显的互作。表型相关显著的产量性状，它们的QTL容易在相同或相邻标记区间检测到。研究还发现了若干个QTL富集区域，可能是发掘通用QTL的候选位点。

2001

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1998

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2007

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2010

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... 马金亮^[35]利用郑58×昌7-2的225个F_2:3家系, 2007年在河南郑州、河南济源、四川西昌和2008年在河南郑州、河南济源5个试验环境中, 分析玉米的百粒重QTL, 共鉴定出15个百粒重QTL, 在本研究涵盖的31 ...

2001

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... Yano等^[36]用粳稻品种(Nipponbare)和籼稻品种(Kasalath)杂交, 利用其不同的后代群体研究控制水稻抽穗天数(heading date, Hd)的QTL ...

1997

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... 发现在F₂群体中可以鉴定出5个抽穗天数QTL (Hd1~Hd5)^[37], 在BC₁F₅中可以鉴定出8个抽穗天数QTL (Hd1~ Hd5、Hd7、Hd11和Hd14)^[38], 在高代回交群体, 如BC₃F₂或BC₄F₂中可以鉴定出14个抽穗天数QTL (Hd1~Hd14)^[39,40] ...

1998

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2000

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2002

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2010

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... 检索已经报道的有关玉米籽粒大小的突变体基因文献^{[41,42,43,44,45,46]}, 发现在本研究检测到玉米百粒重QTL的20个基因组区域的9个中存在影响籽粒发育的突变基因 ...

... 玉米小粒基因Mn1座位编码细胞壁转化酶, 造成籽粒中吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量减少、蔗糖浓度增加、胚乳发育受阻^[41], Mn1与本研究定位的q100kw-2-1位于相同的基因组区域 ...

1980

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... Sheridan和Neuffer^[42,43]报道了150多份玉米籽粒缺陷突变体, 其中造成玉米籽粒变小的基因de*-N1175和smk*- N1529分别与本研究定位的q100kw-2-4和q100kw- 5-2座位相同 ...

1986

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1994

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... Scanlon等^[44]对63份影响玉米籽粒发育的突变体进行了遗传分析, 其中造成籽粒缩小、胚乳凹陷的基因mn3与本研究定位的q100kw-6-1均位于Bin6 ...

1978

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... Neuffer等^[45,46]列出了458个已经定位的玉米籽粒性状突变体基因, 其中影响玉米籽粒发育的基因smk*-N1057A、mn*-N1120A、smk*- N1160、dek28、o*-N1368、o*-N1046分别与本研究定位的q100kw-1-1、q100kw-2-2、q100kw-5-3、q100kw-6-1、q100kw-6-2、q100kw-10-1位于相同的基因组区域 ...

1995

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2010

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... 郑58和昌7-2作为中国玉米自交系的典型代表, 已经完成重测序, 有大量的SNP、IDP分子标记和保守序列可供使用^[47], 这些为本试验中鉴定出的主效百粒重QTL的进一步精细定位和克隆奠定了一个良好的基础 ...