<graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="0496-3490-40-751/img_1.png"/>基于QTL定位的蓖麻株高性状遗传解析

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刘臣, 陆建农, 殷学贵, 毕川, 文淡悠, 郑军, 刘帅, 石卓兴, 成粤湘. 基于QTL定位的蓖麻株高性状遗传解析 . 作物学报, 40(4): 751-759
LIU Chen, LU Jian-Nong, YIN Xue-Gui, BI Chuan, WEN Dan-You, ZHENG Jun, LIU Shuai, SHI Zhuo-Xing, CHENG Yue-Xiang. Genetic Analysis of Traits Related to Plant Height inRicinus communisL. Based on QTL Mapping . 作物学报, 40(4): 751-759 复制到剪切板

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基于QTL定位的蓖麻株高性状遗传解析

刘臣^*, 陆建农^*, 殷学贵^*, 毕川, 文淡悠, 郑军, 刘帅, 石卓兴, 成粤湘

广东海洋大学农学院, 广东湛江 524088

^*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 殷学贵, E-mail:yinxuegui@126.com

收稿日期:2014-01-12

基金:本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271759), 广东省教育厅项目[粤财教(2009)109号]和广东海洋大学大学生创新实验项目(cxsy200915) 资助。

摘要

用YC2 (高杆)×YF1 (矮杆)和YC1 (高杆)×YF1 (矮杆)组合衍生的2个F₂代群体, 对蓖麻株高性状进行相关、回归和QTL定位分析。结果表明, 株高与主穗位高、主茎节长和主茎茎粗之间显著正相关, 但与主茎节数不相关; 主穗位高与主茎节数、主茎节长和主茎茎粗之间呈显著正相关; 主茎节数与主茎节长之间呈显著负相关。利用QTLNetwork 2.0软件在YC2×YF1的F₂群体中检测到株高、主穗位高、主茎节数、主茎节长和主茎茎粗的5、4、6、3和2个QTL, 分别解释了45.9%、45.3%、66.1%、55.4%和12.6%的总变异。在YC1×YF1的F₂群体中检测到3、4、5、1和2个上述5性状的QTL, 分别解释了26.0%、25.5%、35.4%、37.4%和7.6%的总变异。证明QTL间的“一因多效”和连锁是株高、主穗位高和主茎节长之间高度相关的遗传基础, 加性效应是株高、主穗位高和主茎节长的主要遗传组分, 互作效应是主茎节数和主茎茎粗的主要遗传组分。建议育种上将主穗位高和主茎节长作为株高早期选择和预测的间接指标, 并将多节数和短节间作为高产育种的主攻方向。

关键词: 蓖麻; 株高性状; QTL定位; 遗传解析

Genetic Analysis of Traits Related to Plant Height inRicinus communisL. Based on QTL Mapping

LIU Chen^**, LU Jian-Nong^**, YIN Xue-Gui^*, BI Chuan, WEN Dan-You, ZHENG Jun, LIU Shuai, SHI Zhuo-Xing, CHENG Yue-Xiang

Agricultural College of GuangDong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China

Fund:

Abstract

The traits related to plant height were analyzed with correlation, regression and QTL mapping in two F₂ populations derived from crosses of YC2×YF1 and YC1×YF1, respectively. The results indicated that plant height (PH) was significantly and positively correlated with bearing height of primary raceme (PRH), length of main stem internode (MSIL) and main stem diameter (MSD) but not with node number of main stem (MSNN), PRH was significantly and positively correlated with MSNN, MSIL and MSD, MSNN and MSIL was significantly and negatively correlated with each other. In F₂ population from a cross of YC2×YF1, five, four, six, three, and two QTLs for PH, PRH, MSNN, MSIL, and MSD were detected by QTLnetwork 2.0, which explained for 45.9%, 45.3%, 66.1%, 55.4%, and 12.6% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. In F₂ population from a cross of YC1×YF1, three, four, five, one, and two QTLs for the five traits mentioned above were detected, which explained for 45.9%, 45.3%, 66.1%, 55.4%, and 12.6% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. We concluded that the pleiotropy or linkage between QTLs results in the positive correlation between PH, PRH and MSIL, the additive effect was the main genetic component of PH, PRH, MSIL, and the epistatic effect is the main genetic component of MSNN and MSD. It suggested that PRH and MSIL should be used to select and predict PH indirectly in the early stage, more MSNN and shorter MSIL should be regarded as the target traits for high-yield breeding.

Keyword: Ricinus communis L.; Traits related to plant height; QTL mapping; Genetic analysis

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矮化育种实现了水稻和小麦产量的突破性增长^{[ 1, 2]}。目前, 小麦中已有25个主效 Rht (reduced height)基因被命名^{[ 3, 4]}, 13个被定位^{[ 5]}, Rht-B1b^{[ 3]} 、Rht-D1b^{[ 5]} 、Rht-8和 Rht-9^{[ 6]}等数量性状基因已被克隆。水稻中至少有70个矮杆和半矮杆基因被发现和鉴定, 主要分为与 SD-1相关的基因和与 SD-1互不等位的基因^{[ 7]}, 其中50多个已被定位^{[ 8]}, 部分基因已被克隆, 它们大多参与GA等植物激素的合成和细胞信号转导过程^{[ 9]}。Gramene数据库中已有1011个水稻株高相关的QTL。关于蓖麻株高的遗传研究报道较少, Lavanya等^{[ 10]}和李金琴等^{[ 11]}认为蓖麻株高受1对单显基因控制。蓖麻株高相关基因细胞色素 P450基因片段已被克隆, 该基因被干扰后可明显降低转基因植株的株高^{[ 12]}。

我国是蓖麻油产品主要出口国之一, 其中癸二酸出口量占世界第一, 但由于种植面积下降, 同时也成为蓖麻籽第一进口大国。我国蓖麻单产高于印度, 但较高的生产成本使我国蓖麻籽失去了价格竞争优势。品种产量低导致了种植效益低下, 影响了种植者的积极性。矮杆品种抗倒伏性强、经济系数高, 便于合理密植和机械化操作, 能够大幅度提高单产和种植效益。然而, 目前生产上所用的品种大多是高杆品种, 加之纯度低、抗逆性差, 产量低而不稳。

蓖麻具无限生长习性, 其株高(plant height, PH)与生育期紧密相关, 是后期表达的复杂数量性状。一年生情况下, 一般在二级分枝穗停止伸长时测量。主穗位高(bearing height of primary raceme, PRH)、主茎节数(node number of main stem, MSNN)、主茎节长(length of main stem internode, MSIL)是株高的重要组成部分, 受环境影响相对较小, 为早期表达的性状, 在主穗停止伸长时即可测量。本文利用2个高×矮组合的F₂群体对蓖麻的株高、主穗位高、主茎节数、主茎节长和主茎茎粗(简称茎粗, 下同)(main stem diameter, MSD)进行相关、回归分析和QTL定位, 以期为揭示蓖麻株高遗传和矮化育种提供参考。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料及种植

以矮杆亲本YF1为父本, 高杆亲本YC1和YC2为母本, 创建了2个F₂群体, 分别为161株和129株。3个亲本均为本课题组经单株连续多代自交培育的稳定自交系。2011年11月2日于广东海洋大学东海岛蓖麻试验基地种植亲本、F₁和F₂群体, 行株距1 m×1 m。试验地肥力均匀、地势平坦。亲本及后代表现见表1。

表1 亲本及后代的表型分析 Table 1 Phenotype variation of parents, F₁, and F₂ populations

1.2 表型调查与统计分析

主茎节长是由主穗位高除以主茎节数获得, 茎粗为主茎上、中、下3节茎粗的平均值, 按照《蓖麻种质资源描述规范和数据标准》^{[ 13]}调查其余3个性状。将两群体数据整合后, 采用SPSS18.0进行性状间的相关和回归分析。

1.3 试验引物

本试验所用引物有三类, 一是自行开发的SSR引物, 编号为RCM+开发序号, 共计1100对(未发表)。二是SRAP引物, 参照已发表的序列。三是SSR与SRAP上下联之间的组合扩增引物, 编号为SSR的开发序号+F(或R)+Em(或Me)序号, 例如97F/Em2为RCM97的上联与SRAP引物中的Em2组合扩增。

1.4 QTL定位

采用MapMaker/Exp 3.0^{[ 14]}构建连锁群。利用QTLNetwork 2.0^{[ 15]}软件进行全模型QTL扫描, 采用1000次Permutation检验方法, 将检出QTL的显著性水准设置为0.05。将检测到的所有QTL以及其上位性效应整合到一个全QTL模型中, 用基于Gibbs抽样的Bayesian方法估计遗传效应^{[ 16]}。采用高用明等^{[ 17]}推荐的QTL命名规则。用Mapdraw V2.1绘制QTL分布图。

2 结果与分析

2.1 株高性状间的相关与回归分析

株高与主穗位高、主茎节长和茎粗之间均呈极显著正相关, 与主茎节数不相关; 主穗位高与主茎节数、主茎节长和茎粗均呈极显著正相关; 主茎节数和主茎节长呈极显著负相关(表2)。

表2 性状间的相关系数 Table 2 Correlation coefficients between traits

回归分析显示株高与主穗位高、主茎节长之间存在极显著( F=106.3> F_0.01=4.75)的线形关系, y=68.59+0.70 x₁+ 7.09 x₂( t₁=5.68> t_0.01=2.60, t₂=7.24> t_0.01=2.60)。

以上分析表明, 利用主穗位高和主茎节长对蓖麻的株高进行早期间接选择和预测是可行的, 尤以主茎节长作用更加明显。主成分分析也表明(数据未显示)主茎节长对株高的贡献更大。

2.2 QTL定位

YC2×YF1组合F₂群体(群体1, 后同)的定位结果见表3和表5, YC1×YF1组合F₂群体(群体2, 后同)的定位结果见表4和表6。

2.2.1 株高群体1中共检测到5个株高QTL, 解释了45.9%的总变异, 其中加、显和上位性3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的64.79%、5.66%和29.48%。 PH8-1的单位点贡献率为32.23%, 其中加性效应贡献率为23.70%; 在群体2中检测到3个株高QTL, 解释了26%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的69.77%、0和30.03%。 PH7-1’仅有加性效应, 贡献率达18.14%。

2.2.2 主穗位高群体1中共检测到4个主穗位高QTL, 解释了45.3%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的54.08%、22.96%和22.96%。 PRH7-1和 PRH8-1

表3 (YC2×YF1)F₂群体的QTL定位结果 Table 3 QTLs detected in (YC2×YF1)F₂ population

表4 (YC1×YF1)F₂群体的QTL定位结果 Table 4 QTLs detected in (YC1×YF1)F₂ population

表5 (YC2×YF1)F₂群体的QTL遗传效应 Table 5 QTL effects in (YC2×YF1)F₂ population

的单位点贡献率分别为15.4%和14.6%, 其中加性效应贡献率分别为8.0%和11.6%, 显性效应贡献率分别为7.4%和3.0%, 无上位性效应。群体2中检测到4个主穗位高QTL, 解释了25.5%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的24.82%、43.88%和30.04%。 PRH6-1贡献率为13.77%, 虽位于第6连锁群, 但与群体1第7连锁群的 PRH7-1同与标记 RCM313连锁, 效应组成和大小相近, 应为同一QTL。

2.2.3 主茎节数在群体1中共检测到6个主茎节数QTL, 解释了66.1%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的28.14%、1.20%和70.66%。其中只有2个QTL存在单位点效应, 其余4个只有上位性效应。在群体2中共检测到5个主茎节数QTL, 解释了35.4%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的24.77%、0和75.23%。其中只有1个QTL存在单位点效应, 其余5个只有上位性效应。

表6 (YC1×YF1)F₂群体的QTL遗传效应 Table 6 QTL effects in (YC1×YF1)F₂ population

2.2.4 主茎节长群体1共检测到3个主茎节长QTL, 解释了55.36%的总变异, 3种效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的65.53%、18.77和15.87%。 MSIL8-1贡献率最大, 其加性效应贡献率为36.28%, 显性效应贡献率为10.4%, 无上位性效应。群体2只检测到1个主茎节长QTL MSIL7-1, 解释了44.99%的总变异, 加性和显性效应的贡献率分别占总贡献率的80.68%和19.31%。

2.2.5 茎粗 2个F₂群体中各检测到2个茎粗QTL, 都只有上位性效应, 累计贡献率分别为12.60%和7.64%, 说明茎粗的遗传率很低, 狭义遗传率更低。

2.3 两个群体定位结果的一致性

虽然2个群体中每个性状检测到的QTL数目以及位置有较大差异, 但实际上, QTL尤其是主效QTL的数目、效应和作用方式有较高的一致性。两群体中各有1个株高主效QTL、1个主穗位高主效QTL (群体1共有2个主效QTL)和1个主茎节长主效QTL, 它们的位置、效应、作用方式都很接近(表7)。由于遗传图谱不够饱和(全长 2818.2 cM, 231个标记, 平均间距12.2 cM, 连锁群数目大于染色体基数), 加之群体间的遗传背景差异, 同一性状主效QTL在两群体中所在的连锁群不同, 但从QTL与标记的连锁关系判断, 它们仍在染色体同一区域(表7), 很可能为同一QTL。株高、主穗位高和主茎节长的遗传以加性效应为主, 主茎节数和茎粗的遗传以上位性效应为主, 这在2个群体中是一致的(表5和表6)。

表7 两群体中主效QTL的比较 Table 7 Comparison of major QTLs between two populations

2.4 株高性状相关的遗传基础

群体1中(表3、表5和图1), PH8-1与 PRH8-1等位, 单位点解释26.3%、14.6%的株高和主穗位高变异, 其中加性效应分别占90.11%和79.45%, 主要作用方式相同, 应属同一QTL。 PH9-1与 PRH9-1等位, 单位点解释6.04%和4.90%的株高和主穗位高变异, 加性效应分别占100.00%和32.03%, 均无显性效应, 其余效应均为负值, 应属同一QTL。群体2中(表4、表6和图2), PH7-1’与 PRH7-1’紧密连锁, 遗传距离仅2 cM。可见, “一因多效”和QTL间的连锁是株高与主穗位高之间显著相关的重要原因。在群体1中, 3个主茎节长QTL中有2个与株高、主穗位高QTL连锁(表3和图1)。其中 MSIL8-1与 PH8-1、 PRH8-1连锁, 遗传距离为19.9 cM, MSIL5-1与 PRH5-1连锁, 遗传距离为14.2 cM。在群体2中, MSIL7-1与 PH7-1’ 、PRH7-1’连锁, 遗传距离分别为12.6 cM和10.6 cM。连锁位点的贡献率及主要作用方式接近。可见, QTL间的连锁也是主茎节长与株高和主穗位高之间显著相关的重要原因。

在2个群体中检出的主茎节数QTL数目较多, 都以上位性为主。大多数与株高QTL之间不存在一因多效和连锁, 但这不能作为株高与主茎节数之间不相关的原因。因为同样不存在一因多效和连锁, 主穗位高与主茎节数之间又显著相关。主茎节数对株高应该是有贡献的, 二者之所以不相关, 很可能是相对于株高后期的大生长量和对环境的敏感性, 主茎节数的直接贡献已经很微弱了。主茎节数与主茎节长之间的显著负相关, 表明二者之间存在某种相互抑制机制, 值得进一步研究。

3 讨论

株高在F₂群体中接近正态分布, 为典型数量性状, 这与以前报道^{[ 10, 11]}不同, 与水稻^{[ 18]}、小麦^{[ 5, 19]}、玉米^{[ 20]}和黄瓜^{[ 21]}等作物研究结果一致。张维峰等^{[ 22]}报道, 蓖麻株高主要受基因的加性效应控制, Narkhede等^{[ 23]}报道, 蓖麻株高的遗传中累加基因占优势, 主茎节数的遗传中上位基因占优势, 与本试验结果有一致性。

株高、主穗位高、主茎节长在F₂代均为正态分布, 均有主效QTL被检出, 而主茎节数呈明显偏态分布, 却无主效QTL被检出, 说明不能仅从变异分布类型判断是否存在主基因(或主要基因)。

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图1 (YC2×YF1)F₂群体QTL的分布及互作A、D、NO A和NO D分别表示加性效应、显性效应、无加性效应和无显性效应; 直线相连表示2个QTL的上位性效应。Fig. 1 Distribution and interaction of QTLs in (YC2×YF1)F₂ populationA, D, NO A, and NO D refer to additive effect, dominant effect, no additive effect and no dominant effect, respectively. Line joining two QTLs refers to epistatic effect.

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	图2 (YC1×YF1)F₂群体QTL的分布及互作Fig. 2 Distribution and interaction of QTLs in (YC1×YF1)F₂ population

产量、籽粒、株高等复杂数量性状的构成因子间存在“一因多效”、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^{[ 24, 25, 26]}、玉米^{[ 20, 27]}、大豆^{[ 28]}、黄瓜^{[ 21]}等作物中已有报道。本试验中, 株高、主穗位高和主茎节长之间有多个主效QTL连锁乃至等位, 可见, 复杂数量性状构成因子的“一因多效”或QTL连锁在不同作物中具有普遍性。

株高QTL累计解释了2个群体45.87%、26.00%的总变异, 还有32.13%、51.00%遗传变异未被解释(广义遗传率分别为78%、77%), 有待从图谱饱和度、定位群体及定位方法本身加以改进, 但相关、回归分析结果和QTL定位结果的一致性仍然支持本文结论。

提高选择效率的关键在于抓住主基因(或主要基因)。株高、主穗位高、主茎节长都有1~2个主效QTL, 而且大多以加性效应为主, 这有利于提高选择效果。虽然主穗位高的遗传组分中, 显性效应和上位性效应也占较大比重, 增加了遗传的复杂性, 对选择效果有一定影响, 但主茎节长遗传组分中主效QTL的加性效应占绝对优势。如群体1中的 MSIL8-1和群体2中的 MSIL7-1都在RCM126~RCM737标记区间内, 区间长度分别为8.2 cM和7.9 cM, 加性效应贡献率分别为36.28%和36.30%, 是株高间接选择的关键QTL。用早期表达的、较为稳定的主茎节长对晚期表达的、更加易变的株高做出选择, 有利于提高育种效率。

主茎节数与株高不相关, 与主茎节长负相关。这一结论有助于破解两大育种难题。一是矮杆与单株产量的矛盾。试验结果显示, 后代群体的遗传倾向是少节数和长节间, 反映出自然选择的深刻烙印。较多的主茎节数往往与大穗、强生长势、叶片多、叶片厚、不早衰、宿根性等特点相联系, 但它也往往与高杆、晚熟甚至光周期敏感性相伴, 解决这一矛盾的途径就是缩短主茎节间。二是育种的方向和有效手段问题。多主茎节数和短主茎节间应该是主攻方向, 缩短主茎节间是矮化育种的突破口。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

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2002

4.425

0.0

... 矮化育种实现了水稻和小麦产量的突破性增长^[1,2] ...

1999

38.597

0.0

... 矮化育种实现了水稻和小麦产量的突破性增长^[1,2] ...

2006

0.0

1.889

. 2006, 39:1680-1688

Distribution of dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b in Chinese bread wheats detected by STS marker

(用STS标记检测矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b在中国小麦中的分布) . (中国农业科学) , 2006 , 39 : 1680 - 1688 Yang S J , Zhang X K , He Z H , Xia X C , Zhou Y . Distribution of dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b in Chinese bread wheats detected by STS marker

Yang S J

(杨松杰) , (张晓科) , (何中虎) , (夏先春) , (周阳) . (用STS标记检测矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b在中国小麦中的分布) . (中国农业科学) , 2006 , 39 : 1680 - 1688 Yang S J

中国农业科学院作育种栽培研究所/国家小麦改良中心

【Objective】 Understanding the distribution of dwarfing genes in Chinese wheat will be crucial for yield improvement.【Method】A total of 239 Chinese wheat cultivars and advanced lines from major wheat regions were detected by STS markers to understand the distribution of the dwarfing genes Rht-B1b (Rht1) and Rht-D1b (Rht2). 【Result】The PCR-based markers could be used to test the presence of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b in wheat cultivars. The average frequency was 24.3% for Rht-B1b gene and 46.9% for Rht-D1b gene, respectively. Frequencies in Northern Winter Wheat Zone, Yellow & Huai River Facultative Winter Wheat Region, Middle & Low Yangtze Valley Winter Wheat Region, Southwestern Winter Wheat Region, Northeastern Spring Wheat Region, Northern Spring Wheat Region, Northwestern Spring Wheat Region and Xinjiang Winter-Spring Wheat Region were 25.8%, 28%, 42.3%, 8.3%, 0%, 9.1%, 25% and 62.5% for Rht-B1b gene, and 35.5%, 69%, 23.1%, 38.9%, 0%, 72.7%, 37.5% and 12.5% for Rht-1Db gene, respectively. 【Conclusion】Molecular markers and pedigree information confirmed that Rht-B1b is from St2422/464 and Norin 10, Rht-D1b is from Norin 10, Suwon 86, Huixianhong, and Youbaomai.

【目的】明确矮秆基因在中国小麦中的分布，有助于改良小麦株高和提高产量潜力。【方法】选用中国主要麦区品种（系）239份，用STS标记检测矮秆基因Rht-B1b （Rht1）和Rht-D1b （Rht2）的分布规律，验证其PCR标记在分子标记辅助育种中的可用性。【结果】（1）Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b特异性STS标记可以准确检测小麦品种的Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b矮秆基因。（2）Rht-B1b基因在全国的平均分布频率为24.3%，新疆冬春麦区高达62.5%，长江中下游冬麦区为42.3%，黄淮冬麦区、北部冬麦区和西北春麦区分别为28%、25.8%和25%，北部春麦区和西南冬麦区分别为9.1%和 8.3%，东北春麦区供试材料未携带Rht-B1b基因。（3）Rht-D1b基因在全国的平均分布频率为46.9%，北部春麦区和黄淮冬麦区分别为72.7%和69%，西南冬麦区、西北春麦区和北部冬麦区分别为38.9%、37.5%和35.5%，长江中下游冬麦区和新疆冬春麦区分别为23.1%和12.5%，东北春麦区供试材料未携带Rht-D1b基因。【结论】分子检测结果和系谱分析表明，中国小麦品种（系）携带的Rht-B1b矮秆基因来自St2422/464和农林10，Rht-D1b矮秆基因来自农林10号、水源86、辉县红和蚰包麦。

... 目前, 小麦中已有25个主效Rht (reduced height)基因被命名^[3,4], 13个被定位^[5], Rht-B1b^[3]、Rht-D1b^[5]、Rht-8和Rht-9^[6]等数量性状基因已被克隆 ...

2006

0.0

1.23

. 2006, 4:753-771

Progresses on the molecular genetics of dwarf character in plants

(植物矮生性状的分子遗传研究进展) . (分子植物育种) , 2006 , 4 : 753 - 771 Ji Y , Miao M M , Chen X H . Progresses on the molecular genetics of dwarf character in plants

Ji Y

(嵇怡) , (缪旻珉) , (陈学好) . (植物矮生性状的分子遗传研究进展) . (分子植物育种) , 2006 , 4 : 753 - 771 Ji Y

近年来,随着分子生物学和基因组学的飞速发展,对作物高产性状,高产机理及其相关基因的研究愈加深入,应用基因工程技术对作物进行遗传改良已成为提高作物产量的有效途径,培育理想株型已成为作物育种的重要目标.株高是高等作物的重要农艺性状之一,植株过高容易引起倒伏而减产,而矮生植株抗倒能力强,高产,因而矮化育种对培育理想株型十分重要,矮生基因的发掘研究和利用也越来越受到重视.本文综述了目前高等作物矮生性的分子遗传研究进展,特别是对水稻、小麦、玉米、黄瓜、西瓜和番茄等主要作物矮生性状的遗传特点、分子标记、矮生基因的克隆等方面的研究进展做了较为详细的总结和评价,分析了激素对高等植物矮生突变体的调控,提出了高等植物矮生资源的利用和矮化育种中存在的问题,并探讨了高等植物矮生性状分子遗传学研究和分子育种的发展趋势.

... 目前, 小麦中已有25个主效Rht (reduced height)基因被命名^[3,4], 13个被定位^[5], Rht-B1b^[3]、Rht-D1b^[5]、Rht-8和Rht-9^[6]等数量性状基因已被克隆 ...

2010

0.0

1.667

. 2010, 36:771-778 DOI:10.1016/S1875-2780(09)60049-3

Analysis of plant height heterosis based on QTL mapping in wheat

(基于QTL定位分析小麦株高的杂种优势) . (作物学报) , 2010 , 36 : 771 - 778 Li Z K , Xie Q G , Zhu Z L , Liu J L , Han S X , Tian B , Yuan Q Q , Tian J C . Analysis of plant height heterosis based on QTL mapping in wheat

Li Z K

(李卓坤) , (谢全刚) , (朱占玲) , (刘金良) , (韩淑晓) , (田宾) , (袁倩倩) , (田纪春) . (基于QTL定位分析小麦株高的杂种优势) . (作物学报) , 2010 , 36 : 771 - 778 Li Z K

Abstract

This study aimed at studying the molecular genetic basis of plant height (PH) heterosis in wheat. From a set of doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from Huapei 3 × Yumai 57, an “immortalized F₂” population was constructed with 168 single crosses. The DH lines, IF₂ population, and the parents were evaluated for plant height in 3 environments, i.e., in Tai'an, Shandong Province, China, in 2007 and 2008 cropping seasons and in Jiyuan, Henan Province, China in 2008 cropping season. Based on the genetic map of quantitative trait locus (QTL) constructed in a previous study, the heterosis of PH of wheat was analyzed using the composite interval mapping method. A total of 3 additive QTLs, 2 dominance QTLs, 4 pairs of epistatic QTLs (including additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, and dominance by dominance), and 20 heterotic loci were detected for PH in the 3 environments. Two QTLs, QPh2D and QPh4D, were detected on chromosomes 2D and 4D with a minor interaction of additive by environment. In addition, several heterotic loci for PH except QPh2D were also identified on chromosome 2D in close regions with similar marker intervals. Of them, QTLs QPh2D-2 and QPh2D-7 explained the PH variance by 29.77% and 55.77%, respectively. Another QTL associated with PH heterosis, QPh7D-2, was mapped in the marker interval between Xwmc273.2 and Xcfd175 on chromosome 7D in the 3 environments. These results indicated that a few QTLs on chromosomes 2D, 4D, and 7D play an important role in PH heterosis in wheat. These loci have potential use for the improvement of PH in wheat breeding assisted with molecular markers.

摘要

为探讨小麦株高杂种优势的分子遗传基础, 以小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交F₁经染色体加倍获得的DH群体168个株系为材料, 构建了一套含168个杂交组合的“永久F₂”群体。利用复合区间作图法, 在3个环境中进行了基于QTL定位的株高杂种优势分析, 共检测到3个加性效应位点、2个显性效应位点、4对上位效应位点(包括加性×加性、加性×显性、显性×加性和显性×显性)和20个杂种优势位点。位于2D、4D和5B₂染色体上的QPh2D、QPh4D和QPh5B₂在3个环境中同时被检验到, 受环境影响小, 表达稳定。在2D染色体上相近的区域定位出多个杂种优势位点, 其中QPh2D-2和QPh2D-7可解释杂种优势表型变异的29.77%和55.77%。在7D染色体的Xwmc273.2–Xcfd175之间定位出同一个杂种优势位点Qph7D-2。结果表明, 在2D、4D和7D染色体上这些区域存在一些对小麦株高的杂种优势起重要作用的位点。

... 目前, 小麦中已有25个主效Rht (reduced height)基因被命名^[3,4], 13个被定位^[5], Rht-B1b^[3]、Rht-D1b^[5]、Rht-8和Rht-9^[6]等数量性状基因已被克隆 ...

... 3 讨论株高在F₂群体中接近正态分布, 为典型数量性状, 这与以前报道^[10,11]不同, 与水稻^[18]、小麦^[5,19]、玉米^[20]和黄瓜^[21]等作物研究结果一致 ...

2012

0.0

1.667

. 2012, 38:1155-1166 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.01155

Distribution of allelic variation for vernalization, photoperiod, and dwarfing genes and their effects on growth period and plant height among cultivars from major wheat producing countries

(光周期和矮秆基因在不同国家小麦品种中的分布及其效应) . (作物学报) , 2012 , 38 : 1155 - 1166 Yang F P , Xia X C , Zhang Y , Zhang X K , Liu J J , Tang J W , Yang X M , Zhang J R , Liu Q , Li S Z , He Z H . Distribution of allelic variation for vernalization, photoperiod, and dwarfing genes and their effects on growth period and plant height among cultivars from major wheat producing countries

Yang F P

(杨芳萍) , (夏先春) , (张勇) , (张晓科) , (刘建军) , (唐建伟) , (杨学明) , (张俊儒) , (刘茜) , (李式昭) , (何中虎) . (光周期和矮秆基因在不同国家小麦品种中的分布及其效应) . (作物学报) , 2012 , 38 : 1155 - 1166 Yang F P

1Institute of Crop Sciences / National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2 Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3 College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; 4 Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; 5Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoukou 466001, China; 6 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; 7 Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050031, China; 8 Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; 9 CIMMYT China Office, Beijing 100081, China?

To efficiently use exotic resources in Chinese wheat breeding programs, we investigated the heading date, maturity date, and plant height of 100 representative cultivars collected from 14 countries at eight locations in China, and detected the allelic variations of vernalization loci VRN-1 and VRN-B3, photoperiod gene Ppd-D1a,and dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b by means of molecular markers. The frequencies of vernalization loci were 8.0% for Vrn-A1a, 21.0% for Vrn-B1, 21.0% for Vrn-D1 and 64.0% for vrn-A1+vrn-B1+ vrn-D1, except for the absence of dominant allele Vrn-B3 in all tested materials. Dominant vernalization alleles Vrn-A1a, Vrn-B1, and Vrn-D1 were mainly observed in cultivars from Chinese spring wheat region, Italy, India, Canada, Mexico, and Australia; whereas, cultivars carrying all recessive alleles at the four vernalization loci and vrn-A1+vrn-D1+Vrn-B1+vrn-B3 genotypewere mostly found in cultivars from Chinese winter wheat region, United States (US) winter wheat region, Russia winter wheat region, United Kingdom (UK), France, Germany, Romania, Turkey, and Hungary. All cultivars headed normally when sown in autumn. Cultivars with dominant alleles showed earlier heading date than those with recessive alleles, and genotypes with two or more dominant alleles showed additive effects. Some European and US cultivars with recessive genes at the four vernalization loci could not mature in Yangling and Chengdu. Under spring-sown condition, the cultivars with dominant vernalization alleles showed high heading frequency; in contrast, most cultivars with recessive alleles failed to head. Gene Ppd-D1a was distributed mainly in cultivars from China, France, Romania, Russia, Mexico, Australia, and India with the total frequency of 68%. Most cultivars with Ppd-D1b were from high latitude regions, such as UK, Germany, Hungary, and Canada. The Ppd-D1a genotypes appeared to head earlier than the Ppd-D1b genotypes. Daylight condition had no effect on maturity of most Ppd-D1a genotypes, but short daylight condition resulted in failing mature in most Ppd-D1b genotypes. The frequencies of dwarfing genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b were 43.0% and 35.0% in the cultivars tested, respectively. Rht-B1b was mainly observed in cultivars from US, Romania, Turkey, Italy, Mexico, and Australia, while Rht-D1b had high frequency in varieties from China, Germany, UK, Italy, and India. Generally, cultivars from one country contain either Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b, andthe frequencies of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b were very low in cultivars from high latitude regions. The effect of Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b and Ppd-D1a on reducing plant height was significant, of which Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b exhibited an additive effect.

为促进国外种质资源在我国的有效利用，将14个国家的100份代表性小麦品种在国内的8个代表性地点种植，调查抽穗期、成熟期和株高，并以4个春化基因(Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1和Vrn-B3)、1个光周期基因(Ppd-D1a)及2个矮秆基因(Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b)的分子标记检测所有品种的基因型。春化基因Vrn-A1a、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1和vrn-A1+vrn-B1+ vrn-D1的分布频率分别为8.0%、21.0%、21.0%和64.0%；显性等位变异Vrn-A1a、Vrn-B1和Vrn-D1主要存在于来自中国春麦区及意大利、印度、加拿大、墨西哥和澳大利亚的品种中，这些品种一般为春性类型；春化位点均为隐性等位变异或vrn-A1+vrn-D1+Vrn-B1的品种主要分布在中国冬麦区、美国冬麦区、俄罗斯冬麦区，以及英国、法国、德国、罗马尼亚、土耳其和匈牙利，这些地区的小麦均为冬性类型。秋播时，供试品种均能正常抽穗，且携带春化显性变异的材料较隐性类型抽穗早，显性等位变异表现加性效应，4个春化位点均为隐性变异的一些欧美材料因抽穗太晚在杨凌和成都不能正常成熟；而春播时，显性等位变异基因型抽穗的频率高，隐性等位变异基因型基本不能抽穗。光周期不敏感基因Ppd-D1a的分布频率为68.0%，主要分布在中国、法国、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯、墨西哥、澳大利亚和印度，而光周期敏感等位变异Ppd-D1b主要分布在英国、德国、匈牙利和加拿大等中高纬度地区；携带Ppd-D1a的品种较携带Ppd-D1b的品种抽穗早，大多数Ppd-D1a品种在长日照和短日照条件下均能成熟，大部分Ppd-D1b品种在短日照条件下不能成熟。Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b基因的分布频率分别为43.0%和35.0%，其中Rht-B1b主要分布于美国、罗马尼亚、土耳其、意大利、墨西哥和澳大利亚，Rht-D1b主要分布于中国、德国、英国、意大利和印度。一般来说，一个国家的品种携带Rht-B1b或Rht-D1b之一，而这2个基因在高纬度地区分布频率较低。Rht-B1b、Rht-D1b和Ppd-D1a的降秆作用均达显著水平，Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的加性效应突出。

... 目前, 小麦中已有25个主效Rht (reduced height)基因被命名^[3,4], 13个被定位^[5], Rht-B1b^[3]、Rht-D1b^[5]、Rht-8和Rht-9^[6]等数量性状基因已被克隆 ...

2005

0.0

1.23

. 2005, 3:87-93

Genetic control of plant height and its utilization in rice

(水稻株高的遗传控制及其在育种上的应用) . (分子植物育种) , 2005 , 3 : 87 - 93 Gao F M , Jiang Y , Kong D W , Li S G . Genetic control of plant height and its utilization in rice

Gao F M

(高奋明) , (姜勇) , (孔德伟) , (李仕贵) . (水稻株高的遗传控制及其在育种上的应用) . (分子植物育种) , 2005 , 3 : 87 - 93 Gao F M

株高是水稻品种的重要农艺性状之一,矮秆水稻品种的选育和推广是20世纪水稻育种工作的重大成就,因此矮秆基因的发掘研究和利用备受重视.本文综述了水稻株高基因的遗传、定位、作用机理及其在水稻育种中的利用情况等方面的研究进展,分析了水稻株高基因在水稻育种应用中所存在的问题,并对其发展前景作了展望.

... 水稻中至少有70个矮杆和半矮杆基因被发现和鉴定, 主要分为与SD-1相关的基因和与SD-1互不等位的基因^[7], 其中50多个已被定位^[8], 部分基因已被克隆, 它们大多参与GA等植物激素的合成和细胞信号转导过程^[9] ...

2001

0.599

0.0

2010

0.0

1.889

. 2010, 43:2829-2938

Relationship between QTLs for plant height and its components and genes controlling gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis and their transduction in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L

(粳稻株高QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导基因相关分析) . (中国农业科学) , 2010 , 43 : 2829 - 2938 Jiang S K , Huang C , Xu Z J , Chen W F . Relationship between QTLs for plant height and its components and genes controlling gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis and their transduction in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L

Jiang S K

(姜树坤) , (黄成) , (徐正进) , (陈温福) . (粳稻株高QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导基因相关分析) . (中国农业科学) , 2010 , 43 : 2829 - 2938 Jiang S K

(沈阳农业大学农学院/农业部作物生理生态遗传育种重点开放实验室)

【Objective】 To understand and provide a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of plant height in rice, QTLs controlling plant height and its component factors were detected and compared with the genes involved in gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis and transduction. 【Method】 The QTLs affecting plant height and its component factors were analyzed by employing 126 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two japonica rice cultivars, Shennong 265 and Lijiangxintuanheigu, and then compared them with the genes involved in gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis and transduction. 【Result】 Plant height and its component factors showed a continuous normal distribution in the RILs population. The plant height showed a high positive correlation with its component factors. The correlation between adjacent plant height components was positively significant while the significance of the correlation between non-adjacent plant height components was less or even negative. Further result indicated that the plant height was mainly affected by the length of I internode and IV internode from top. A total of 21 QTLs controlling plant height and its components were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 and 12, respectively. QPH9b (EP1, DEP1 or qPE9-1) on chromosome 9 plays a very important role in affecting plant height through controlling the I internode and II internode length from top. Its molecular function was different from the other genes controlling plant height identified previously. So, it would provide a novel mechanism for plant height. 【Conclusion】 Comparison between 21 QTLs and genes controlling gibberellin and brassinosteroid biosynthesis and transduction indicated that the genetic basis of plant height is extremely complex in this RILs population.

【目的】通过比较控制株高及其构成因素的QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导相关基因的关系,为明确株高的分子调控机制提供理论参考。【方法】利用沈农265和丽江新团黑谷杂交构建的粳-粳交重组自交系为作图群体,对水稻株高及其构成因素进行QTL定位,并与控制赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及信号转导的相关基因进行比对分析。【结果】RILs群体的株高及各个构成因素均呈正态分布。株高与各构成因素间呈正相关。相邻的构成因素间呈极显著的正相关,而相距较远的构成因素间的相关性减弱甚至负相关,进一步分析表明,株高主要受倒1和倒4节间长度的影响。共检测到21个控制株高及其构成因素的QTL,分布在第1、2、3、5、6、7、8、9、11和12染色体上。其中位于第9染色体上的QPH9b即直立穗基因EP1(DEP1或qPE9-1)对于水稻的株高起着很重要的作用,其主要通过影响倒1和倒2节间的长度来影响株高,该基因的分子功能与之前发现的众多控制株高的基因均不同,可能是一个种新的调控株高的机制。【结论】通过比较21个QTL与赤霉素和油菜素内酯合成及其信号转导相关基因发现,该群体株高的遗传基础复杂。

2008

0.198

0.0

... 关于蓖麻株高的遗传研究报道较少, Lavanya等^[10]和李金琴等^[11]认为蓖麻株高受1对单显基因控制 ...

2010

0.0

. 2010, (1):54-56

Study on the genetic regularity of castor bean dwarf characters gene

(蓖麻矮秆性状基因遗传规律研究) . (内蒙古农业科技) , 2010 , ( 1 ): 54 - 56 Li J Q , Zhu G L , He Z B , Zhang Z Y , Jia J X , Qiao W J , Li J X . Study on the genetic regularity of castor bean dwarf characters gene

Li J Q

(李金琴) , (朱国立) , (何智彪) , (张智勇) , (贾娟霞) , (乔文杰) , (李靖霞) . (蓖麻矮秆性状基因遗传规律研究) . (内蒙古农业科技) , 2010 , ( 1 ): 54 - 56 Li J Q

通过蓖麻矮秆与高秆不同遗传交配组合配制、种植,调查其后代株高性状分离的试验,研究了蓖麻高、矮秆性状主控基因遗传规律.结果表明,在其F1代群体中,株高性状没有发生分离,全表现为高秆性状;在其F<,2>代群体中,表现为高秆和矮秆两种性状分离,而且植株高、矮秆性状的分离符合3:1的分离比例;在回交一代群体中株高也全部发生高、矮性状的分离,且符合1:1的分离比例.由此推断蓖麻植株高、矮这对性状是受1对等位基因所控制,高秆是受显性基因T所控制,而矮秆则是受隐性基因t所控制.

... 关于蓖麻株高的遗传研究报道较少, Lavanya等^[10]和李金琴等^[11]认为蓖麻株高受1对单显基因控制 ...

2012

0.0

... 蓖麻株高相关基因细胞色素P450基因片段已被克隆, 该基因被干扰后可明显降低转基因植株的株高^[12] ...

2005

0.0

... 2 表型调查与统计分析主茎节长是由主穗位高除以主茎节数获得, 茎粗为主茎上、中、下3节茎粗的平均值, 按照《蓖麻种质资源描述规范和数据标准》^[13]调查其余3个性状 ...

1987

3.01

0.0

. 1987, 1:174-181 DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.12.003

Mapmaker: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations

... 0 ^[14]构建连锁群 ...

2008

5.323

0.0

... 0 ^[15]软件进行全模型QTL扫描, 采用1000次Permutation检验方法, 将检出QTL的显著性水准设置为0 ...

2007

0.0

1.494

. 2007, 21:350-354

Predicting heterosis of effective panicle number per plant based on QTL mapping in rice

(基于QTL定位的水稻有效穗数杂种优势预测) . (中国水稻科学, 2007, 21: 350-354) Zhao Y H , Zhu J , Xu H M , Yang J , Gao Y M , Song Y S , Shi C H , Xing Y Z . Predicting heterosis of effective panicle number per plant based on QTL mapping in rice

Zhao Y H

(赵彦宏) , (朱军) , (徐海明) , (杨剑) , (高用明) , (宋佑胜) , (石春海) , (邢永忠) . (基于QTL定位的水稻有效穗数杂种优势预测) . (中国水稻科学, 2007, 21: 350-354) Zhao Y H

An immortalized F2 population in rice derived from F1 hybrid between Zhenshan 97B and Minghui 63,was used to QTL mapping on effective panicle number per plant by using QTLNetwork-2.0.A total of eight QTLs were detected on 6 chromosomes.Both general heterosis and environmental interaction heterosis of effective panicle number per plant in two different environments for F1,F2 and F3 generations were predicted based on QTL effects.It was revealed that QTLs with epistatic effects were prominent contributors to the heterosis for effective panicle number per plant,suggesting that the method of heterosis prediction based on QTL mapping was a powerful tool for screening superior hybrids by means of molecular marker assisted selection.

以水稻杂交组合珍汕97B×明恢63所衍生的永久F2（IF2）作图群体为遗传材料，采用QTLNetwork2.0定位软件对有效穗数进行了QTL分析，共检测到8个QTL，分布于6条染色体上。同时根据有效穗数的QTL遗传效应，估算了F1、F2和F3三个杂种世代的有效穗数杂种优势，在预测普通杂种优势的同时，也对环境互作杂种优势进行了预测。上位性QTL对有效穗数杂种优势的形成有重要的贡献。表明基于QTL定位结果的杂种优势预测方法有助于分子标记辅助选育强优势组合。

... 将检测到的所有QTL以及其上位性效应整合到一个全QTL模型中, 用基于Gibbs抽样的Bayesian方法估计遗传效应^[16] ...

2004

0.0

1.667

. 2004, 30:849-854

Use of Permanent F₂ population to analyze epistasis and their Interaction effects with environments for QTLs controlling heading date in rice

(水稻永久F 2) 群体抽穗期QTL的上位性及其与环境互作效应的分析

Gao Y M

(高用明) , (朱军) , (宋佑胜) , (何慈信) , (石春海) , (邢永忠) . (水稻永久F 2) 群体抽穗期QTL的上位性及其与环境互作效应的分析 . (作物学报) , 2004 , 30 : 849 - 854 Gao Y M

Agronomy Department, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang

Immortalized F2 population in rice was constructed by random mating among recombinant inbred (RI) lines derived from a famous elite hybrid rice, Shanyou 63. Analysis on heading date of permanent F2 population was conducted through QTL Mapper 2.0, a software for QTL mapping. A total of 21 QTLs which

利用源于杂交水稻汕优63的重组近交系（RI），进行系间随机交配构建了水稻永久F2（IF2）群体。采用QTL作图软件QTL Mapper 2.0对IF2群体的抽穗期性状进行了分析，共发现了21个QTLs，分布于10条染色体上。对抽穗期QTL的加性效应，显性效应，加×加、加×显、和显×显上位性效应进行了估计，对遗传主效应与环境的互作效应做了预

... 采用高用明等^[17]推荐的QTL命名规则 ...

2008

0.0

. 2008, 47(1):116-121

Detection of QTL for plant height in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and analysis of QTL mapping accuracy

(水稻株高QTL定位及精确性分析) . (厦门大学学报(自然科学版) ), 2008 , 47 ( 1 ): 116 - 121 Zhang Z Y , Huang Y M , Zhang K , Wang H C , Jiang L R . Detection of QTL for plant height in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and analysis of QTL mapping accuracy

Zhang Z Y

(张志勇) , (黄育民) , (张凯) , (王侯聪) , (江良荣) . (水稻株高QTL定位及精确性分析) . (厦门大学学报(自然科学版) ), 2008 , 47 ( 1 ): 116 - 121 Zhang Z Y

分别应用具有127和131个标记位点的"广佳"(广陆矮4号×佳辐占)和"明佳"(明恢86×佳辐占)重组自交系群体,利用复合区间作图法(CIM)对水稻株高数量性状位点(QTL)进行检测和效应分析.为保证QTL定位精确性,采用排列试验法确定每一群体的LOD阀值.结果显示:排列测验法是一个十分有效的阀值推断统计方法,两个群体LOD阀值分别为2.8和2.7."广佳"群体共检测到5个加性QTL,位于第1、6、7、8和11染色体的5个区间,单位点贡献率在5.31%～48.35%之间;"明佳"群体共检测到4个加性QTL,位于第3、5、9和12染色体的4个区间,单位点贡献率在7.56%～11.50%之间.同时利用混合线性模型复合区间作图法(MCIM)在两群体各检测到1对上位性QTL.作者从实验设计和数据分析方面对QTL定位精确性进行了讨论,为今后数量性状遗传研究提供有益借鉴.

2009

0.0

1.667

. 2009, 35:1038-1043 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01038

Detection of quantitative trait loci for plant height using an immortalized F₂ population in wheat

(利用永久 F 2) 群体定位小麦株高的QTL

Wang Y

(王岩) , (李卓坤) , (田纪春) . (利用永久 F 2) 群体定位小麦株高的QTL . (作物学报) , 2009 , 35 : 1038 - 1043 Wang Y

Group of Quality Wheat Breeding of Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018,China

To study the genetic mechanism of wheat plant height, a set of doubled haploid (DH) lines were used to construct an immortalized F₂ (IF₂) population comprising 168 different crosses. The IF₂ population was evaluated for plant height in 2007 cropping seasons in Tai’an and Liaocheng, Shandong province. Linkage map was constructed with 324 SSR markers covering the whole wheat genome, including 284 SSR, 37 ESTs loci, 1 ISSR loci and 2 HMW-GS loci, was constructed. This linkage map covered a total length of 2 485.7 cM with an average distance of 7.67 cM between adjacent markers. QTL analyses were performed using the software QTLNetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model at P < 0.05. Four additive QTLs, 1 dominance QTL and pair of epistatic QTLs were detected, the total QTL effects detected for the plant height explained 20% of the phenotypic variation. One QTL qPh4D for plant height was identified on chromosome 4D, was identified on chromosome 2D, explaining 7.5% of the phenotypic variances. Dominance effect loci qPh2D was identified on chromosome 2D, explaining 1.6% of the phenotypic variances；Epistatic effects of loci was identified on chromosome 5B–6D, explaining 1.7% of the phenotypic variances . The results indicate additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects are important in genetics of wheat for plant height, which are also subjected to environmental modifications. These results further demonstrate that the use of IF₂ groups QTL positioning research methods contribute to the molecular marker-assisted breeding.

为研究小麦株高的遗传机制，利用DH群体构建了一套包含168个杂交组合的小麦永久F₂群体, 并于2007年种植于山东泰安和山东聊城。构建了一套覆盖小麦21条染色体的遗传连锁图谱并利用该图谱的324个SSR标记对小麦株高进行QTL定位研究，使用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件进行QTL分析。在永久F₂群体中定位了7个株高QTL，包括4个加性QTL，一个显性QTL，一对上位性QTL，共解释株高变异的20%，其中位于4D染色体的qPh4D，具有最大的遗传效应，贡献率为7.5%；位于2D 染色体显性效应位点qPh2D，可解释1.6%的表型变异；位于5B~6D染色体上位效应位点，可解释1.7%的表型变异。还发现加性效应、显性效应和上位效应对小麦株高的遗传起重要作用，并且基因与环境具有互作效应，结果表明利用永久F₂群体进行QTL定位研究的方法有助于分子标记辅助育种。

2013

0.0

1.667

. 2013, 39:549-556 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00549

QTL identification for plant height and ear height based on SNP mapping in maize (Zea mays L.)

(基于SNP标记的玉米株高及穗位高QTL定位) . (作物学报) , 2013 , 39 : 549 - 556 Zheng D B , Yang X H , Li J S , Yan J B , Zhang S L , He Z H , Huang Y Q . QTL identification for plant height and ear height based on SNP mapping in maize (Zea mays L.)

Zheng D B

(郑德波) , (杨小红) , (李建生) , (严建兵) , (张士龙) , (贺正华) , (黄益勤) . (基于SNP标记的玉米株高及穗位高QTL定位) . (作物学报) , 2013 , 39 : 549 - 556 Zheng D B

1 College of Agronomy, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China; 2 National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 3 National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 4 Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; 5 Maize Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530227, China?

In order to learn more about the genetic machanism of plant height and ear height, two linkage maps were constructed by SNP markers using two F_2:3 families derived from K22 × CI7 and K22 × Dan340 respectively. These two maps included 429 and 344 polymorphic SNP markers respectively and their total lengths were 1 389.3 cM and 1 567.5 cM respectively. The phenotypic data of plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) of two populations were used to detect QTLs in two environments (2010 in Nanning and 2011 in Wuhan) by using the Composite Interval Mapping (CIM) model of WinQTLCart2.5. In total, 21 QTLs for plant height and 27 QTLs for ear height were identified. The phenotypic variance explained by each QTL ranged from 4.9% to 17.9%. The results showed that the additive and partial dominant effects were the main genetic basis for plant height and ear height in maize in this study, and the main QTLs for PH and EH were both found on chromosome 7.

为进一步弄清玉米株高和穗位高的遗传机理，为育种生产提供服务，本研究以K22×CI7、K22×Dan3402个F₂群体为作图群体，利用覆盖玉米10条染色体的SNP标记构建了2个连锁图谱。并将这2个F₂群体衍生的分别含237和218个家系的F_2:3群体用于田间性状的鉴定。用复合区间作图模型对2个群体的株高、穗位高表型进行QTL定位分析，结果显示，在武汉和南宁两种环境条件下共定位到21个株高QTL和27个穗位高QTL；单个QTL表型变异贡献率的变幅为4.9%~17.9%；株高和穗位高QTL的作用方式以加性和部分显性为主；第7染色体上可能存在控制株高和穗位高的主效QTL。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

2012

0.0

1.889

. 2012, 45:4552-4560 DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.22.002

Detection of QTL for plant height in different environments using an RIL populution in cucumber

(利用永久群体在不同环境下定位黄瓜株高QTL) . (中国农业科学) , 2012 , 45 : 4552 - 4560 Miao H , Gu X F , Zhang S P , Zhang Z H , Huang S W , Wang Y . Detection of QTL for plant height in different environments using an RIL populution in cucumber

Miao H

(苗晗) , (顾兴芳) , (张圣平) , (张忠华) , (黄三文) , (王烨) . (利用永久群体在不同环境下定位黄瓜株高QTL) . (中国农业科学) , 2012 , 45 : 4552 - 4560 Miao H

Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081

【Objective】Plant height is related closely to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) yield and plant development. QTL analysis for the traits related to plant height in cucumber can provide a basis for fine mapping and gene cloning. The result not only provide a theoretical basis for molecular assistant selection (MAS) breeding in plant morphogenesis and high yield, but also integrate research results of plant height.【Method】Phenotypic data of 148 F9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) which originated from a narrow-cross between 9110Gt and 9930 were investigated four times in different seasons. Using a SSR linkage map, the multiple QTL model (MQM) method of software package MapQTL version 4.0 was employed to map and analyze QTLs. Based on the whole genome sequence, the genomic regions harboring QTLs related to plant height were analyzed using comparative mapping and BLAST soft. 【Result】 QTL mapping analysis was conducted for three cucumber traits related to plant height, length of the main stem internode, and node number of main stem, in this study. Eleven QTLs were detected for these traits. These QTLs were mapped on chromosomes 1, 2, 5 and 6, respectively. Their LOD values varied between 3.03 and 12.73, which explained 6.2%-32.1% of the phenotypic variation. Five QTLs explained phenotypic variation more than 10%. Three QTLs (27.3% ) were found to be expressed consistently under four cropping seasons in greenhouse cultivation. QTL cluster was detected on Chr.1. 【Conclusion】 Based on the results in this study, it is speculated that there are at least four genes controlling plant height of cucumber, de gene controlling the determinate habit in cucumber was found in the region of QTLs mapped on the long-arm of Chr.6.

【目的】黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）株高相关性状与其产量及植株生长发育有密切关系，对其进行QTL定位及比较分析，不仅为基因的精细定位及克隆奠定基础，也可实现该性状已有研究结果的信息整合，为黄瓜株型改良及分子标记辅助选择提供理论依据。【方法】利用以黄瓜材料9930和9110Gt为亲本构建的F9代RILs群体遗传图谱，结合4次黄瓜株高相关性状的表型数据，采用MapQTL4.0软件进行多座位QTL模型(Multiple-QTL model，MQM)检测。基于基因组序列信息，对本研究和前人已有研究结果进行比较作图并对株高QTL位点区域序列进行BLAST分析。【结果】共检测到11个与株高、节间长度、节数相关的QTLs，分布在Chr.1、Chr.2、Chr.5、Chr.6这4条染色体上，各QTLs的LOD值在3.03—12.73，可解释6.2%—32.1%的表型变异。其中主效QTLs 5个，可在春秋两季重复检出的QTLs 3个，占QTL总数的27.3%。在Chr.1上有QTL成簇聚集的现象。【结论】控制黄瓜株高的基因至少有4个，分别位于第1、3、5、6这4条染色体上。在Chr.6长臂上定位的应是有限生长基因de。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

1988

0.0

0.95

... 张维峰等^[22]报道, 蓖麻株高主要受基因的加性效应控制, Narkhede等^[23]报道, 蓖麻株高的遗传中累加基因占优势, 主茎节数的遗传中上位基因占优势, 与本试验结果有一致性 ...

2009

0.0

. 2009, 24(2):172-174

Research progress on castor

(国内外蓖麻研究动态) . (内蒙古民族大学学报) , 2009 , 24 ( 2 ): 172 - 174 Yao Y , Li F S , Chen Y S , Li J Q , Huang F L , Wang Y J . Research progress on castor

Yao Y

(姚远) , (李凤山) , (陈永胜) , (李金琴) , (黄风兰) , (王永佳) . (国内外蓖麻研究动态) . (内蒙古民族大学学报) , 2009 , 24 ( 2 ): 172 - 174 Yao Y

蓖麻是世界十大油料作物之一,具有很高的经济价值,被人们视为很有开发潜力又可再生的"石油"资源.本文综述了国内外关于蓖麻杂种优势利用、蓖麻毒蛋门、组织培养技术及矮化性状等方面的研究进展,对蓖麻未来研究方向作了展望.

2003

3.658

0.0

. 2003, 106:1032-1040 DOI:10.1007/s00122-002-1111-1

Genetic analysis of grain protein-content, grain yield and thousand-kernel weight in bread wheat

1.INRA, Station d'Amélioration des Plantes, 234 avenue du Brézet 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France 2.ULICE, ZAC "Les portes de Riom", 63200 RIOM France 3.ETH-IPW, Eschikon 33, 8315 Lindau Swizerland

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

2009

0.0

1.667

. 2009, 35:270-278 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00270

QTL mapping for grain yield and spike related traits in common wheat

Zhang K P

(张坤普) , (徐宪斌) , (田纪春) . (小麦籽粒产量及穗部相关性状的QTL定位) . (作物学报) , 2009 , 35 : 270 - 278 Zhang K P

1State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Group of Quality Wheat Breeding, Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an 271018,China;2Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China;3Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou 253015,China

Grain yield and spike related traits are complex traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). They are often influenced by environmental factors and show a high genotype-environment interaction. Thus, determination of the number, locations, effects of these polygenes is desired for obtaining optimal genotypes in breeding practice. To detect QTLs associated with wheat yield, such as grain yield, spike length, grains pe spike, spikelets per spike, compactness, fertile spikelets per spike, thousand-grain weight, and grain diameter a set of 168 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from the cross between Huapei 3 and Yumai 57 were used with 305 SSR markers covering the whole wheat genome. The DH population and the parents were evaluated for grain yield and spike related traits in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons in Tai^’an, Shandong province and in 2006 cropping season in Suzhou, Anhui province. QTL analyses were performed using the software of QTLNetwork version 2.0 based on the mixed linear model. A total of 27 additive QTLs and 13 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected for grain yield and spike related traits. Of these, eight additive QTLs had significant interactions with environments. Many of the traits shared the same QTL, which was consistent with its high phenotypic correlations and showed tight linkages or pleiotropisms. The Xwmc215–Xgdm63interval on chromosome 5D had the same direction of additive effects on grain yield, grains pr spike, spikelets per spike, compactness, and fertile spikelets per spike with high contribution, which showed pleiotropisms and could be used in marker-assisted selection. And the favorable alleles were contributed by Yumai 57. The QTLs for thousand-grain weight were located on different intervals from the QTLs for grains per spike, which was beneficial to genetic recombinant for them in wheat breeding programs.

由小麦品种花培3号和豫麦57杂交获得DH群体168个株系，种植于3个环境中，利用305个SSR标记对籽粒产量和穗部相关性状(穗长、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数、小穗着生密度、千粒重和粒径)进行了QTL定位。利用基于混合线性模型的QTLNetwork 2.0软件，共检测到27个加性效应和13对上位效应位点，其中 8个加性效应位点具有环境互作效应。相关性高的性状间有一些共同的QTL位点，表现出一因多效或紧密连锁效应。5D染色体区段Xwmc215–Xgdm63，检测到控制籽粒产量、穗粒数、总小穗数、可育小穗数和小穗着生密度5个性状的QTL位点，各位点的遗传贡献率较大且遗传效应方向相同，增效等位基因均来源于豫麦57，适用于分子标记辅助育种和聚合育种。控制千粒重与穗粒数的QTL位于染色体不同区段，有利于实现穗粒数与粒重的遗传重组。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

2012

0.0

1.889

. 2012, 45:3453-3462 DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.17.001

Detection of QTL for kernel weight, grain size, and grain hardness in wheat using DH and immortalized F₂ population

(利用DH和IF 2) 两个群体进行小麦粒重、粒型和硬度的QTL分析

Li W F

(李文福) , (刘宾) , (彭涛) , (袁倩倩) , (韩淑晓) , (田纪春) . (利用DH和IF 2) 两个群体进行小麦粒重、粒型和硬度的QTL分析 . (中国农业科学) , 2012 , 45 : 3453 - 3462 Li W F

1.山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东省作物生物学重点实验室，山东泰安 271018 2.山东省农业科学研究院，济南 250000 3.济源市农业科学研究所，河南济源 454652

【Objective】 Grain weight (GW), grain size (GS), and grain hardness (HD) are important complex traits in wheat, which are determined by quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In this study, to attain more genetic information of GW, GS, and HD in wheat, QTLs with additive effects and dominant effects for these traits were detected. 【Method】 Based on a genetic linkage map contains 368 sites, QTLs for GW, GS, and GS were evaluated in five different environments by using a doubled haploid (DH) population lines derived from a cross between two elite Chinese wheat cultivars Huapei 3/Yumai 57 (Triticum aestivum L.) and in two different environments by using an immortalized F2 population generated by randomly permutated intermating of these DHs. 【Result】 A total of 32 additive QTLs and 18 pairs of epistatic QTLs were detected, including 8 additive QTLs and 5 pairs of epistatic QTLs for 1000-kernel weight, 10 additive QTLs and 6 pairs of epistatic QTLs for grain length , 10 additive QTLs and 6 pairs of epistatic QTLs for grain diameter, and 7 additive QTLs and 1 pair of epistatic QTLs for grain hardness. The QTL Qtkw6A for GW was persistently expressed in both of DH and IF2 population, and the contributions of additive effect in the two population were 9.39% and 11.75%, respectively, and 1.37% for that of dominance effect. The QTL Qgd6A for grain diameter was persistently expressed in both of DH and IF2 population, and the contributions of additive effect in DH and IF2 population were, respectively, 15.02% and 15.03%, It was the same as the QTL Qgl6A, the contributions of additive effect in DH and IF2 population were, respectively, 14.96% and 15.10%. 【Conclusion】The results showed that both additive effects and epistatic effects were important genetic bases of GW and GS. Grain hardness is mainly controlled by a major gene located on the short arm of chromosome 5D, and is also influenced by other minor genes and epistatic effects. The QTL detected in this study could be used in MAS. The QTL with dominance effect and those with interactions between dominance and additive, additive and dominance, dominance and dominance detected by IF2 population would provide assistance for the study on heterosis.

【目的】检测控制小麦粒重、粒型和硬度加性和显性QTL，解释控制这些性状的分子遗传基础。【方法】以小麦品种花培3号、豫麦57构建的包含168个株系的DH群体和由其构建的包含168个株系的IF2群体为材料，结合含有368个位点的分子遗传图谱，对5个环境的DH群体以及2个环境的IF2群体的千粒重、粒型和硬度数据进行QTL分析。【结果】共检测到控制千粒重、粒长、粒径和硬度的35个加性效应和18对上位效应QTL，包括控制千粒重的8个加性效应位点以及5对上位性位点，控制粒长的10个加性效应位点以及6对上位性位点，控制粒径的10个加性效应位点以及6对上位性位点，控制硬度的7个加性效应位点以及1对上位性位点。其中，控制粒重的Qtkw6A在DH和IF2群体中都能检测到，而且既有加性效应又有显性效应，加性效应的贡献率在2个群体内分别为9.39%和11.75%，显性效应的贡献率为1.37%。控制粒径的Qgd6A也在DH和IF2群体中检测到，加性效应贡献率分别为15.02%和15.03%，而且与控制粒长的Qgl6A为同一基因位点，在DH和IF2群体中对粒长的加性效应贡献率分别为14.96%和15.10%。【结论】小麦的千粒重和粒型的遗传主要受加性效应控制，同时也受上位效应影响。硬度主要受位于5D染色体短臂上一个主效基因控制，同时受其它微效基因以及上位性影响。本研究检测到的一些重要QTL可用于相关性状的分子标记辅助选择育种，用IF2群体检测到的显性效应QTL及具有显性×加性、加性×显性及显性×显性效应的QTL可为有关性状杂种优势的研究提供参考。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

2012

0.0

1.667

. 2012, 38:275-284 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00275

QTL mapping for anthocyanin and melanin contents in maize kernel

(玉米籽粒中花色苷和黑色素含量的QTL分析) . (作物学报) , 2012 , 38 : 275 - 284 Qin H N , Yan M , Wang Z H , Guo Y , Wang H , Sun H Y , Liu Z Z , Cai Y L . QTL mapping for anthocyanin and melanin contents in maize kernel

Qin H N

(覃鸿妮) , (晏萌) , (王召辉) , (郭莹) , (王辉) , (孙海燕) , (刘志斋) , (蔡一林) . (玉米籽粒中花色苷和黑色素含量的QTL分析) . (作物学报) , 2012 , 38 : 275 - 284 Qin H N

Maize Research Institute, Southwest University / Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Crop Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 400716, China

Anthocyanin and melanin are important and beneficial chemical components in black maize kernel. It is important to comprehensively study the QTL mapping for anthocyanin and melanin, cloning and transfer of pigmentation-related genes and marker assistant breeding. In this paper, two related F_2:3 populations derived from crosses of Mu6×SDM (WD) and Mo17×SDM (YD) were used to identify QTLs for anthocyanin and melanin contents in maize kernels. The results showed that the phenotype and QTL identification of two populations were highly consistent. The anthocynian and melanin contents of SDM were significantly higher than those of Mu6 and Mo17. The positive correlation between the two pigment contents in kernel was highly significant. A total of seventeen QTLs were identified, including eight QTLs for ACK and nine QTLs for MCK. For ACK, four QTLs were both detected in two populations, which were distributed on chromosomes 4, 6, 7, and 10. For MCK, four and five QTLs were identified in WD and YD, respectively, which were distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 7, and 10. The number, distribution and effects of QTLs in two populations were highly consistent, and the major QTLs of ACK and MCK in two populations were both clustered, which were detected in the interval umc1796–mmc2006 (bin 6.04) andumc2043–bnlg1028(bins 10.04) and explained 12.7%–21.3% and 8.6%–21.3% of phenotype variation, respectively. These QTLs which were stable in different genetic backgrounds might be closely linked to each other, or a same pleiotropic QTL which could be used in fine mapping and cloning of pigmentation-related genes in maize. The result of epistasic analysis indicated that the number, position and effects of epistatic QTLs between two populations were much different, and epistasic effects were more obvious for WD than for YD. Some epistatic QTL pairs explaining more than 10% variation of phenotype play an important role in pigment production and should be further studied.

花色苷和黑色素是黑玉米籽粒中重要而有益的化学成分，深入开展其QTL定位研究，对于色素相关基因的克隆与转化和分子标记辅助育种，具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本文利用一个黑玉米自交系SDM为共同父本，分别与白玉米自交系木6和黄玉米自交系Mo17杂交，构建2个相关F_2:3群体(分别缩写为WD和YD)，对玉米籽粒中花色苷含量(ACK)和黑色素含量(MCK)进行QTL分析。结果表明，黑玉米SDM籽粒中的花色苷和黑色素含量均极显著高于木6和Mo17，2种色素含量间呈极显著正相关。2个群体中共检测到17个色素相关的QTL，其中与花色苷含量相关的QTL在2个群体中各4个，分布在第4、第6、第7和第10染色体上，与黑色素含量相关的QTL在WD和YD群体中分别为4个和5个，分布在第1、第2、第6、第7和第10染色体上。2个群体检测到QTL的数量、分布和对表型的贡献率均高度一致，而且解释花色苷含量和黑色素含量变异大的QTL在2个群体中均有成簇分布的现象，主要表现在bin 6.04处的标记区间umc1796~mmc2006内和bin 10.04处的标记区间umc2043~bnlg1028内，分别解释表型变异的12.7%~21.3%和8.6%~21.3%。它们可能是一因多效的同一QTL或者是在该区段内紧密连锁的不同QTL。上位性分析表明，2个群体中检测到的上位性QTL的数量、位置和对表型的贡献率差别均较大，WD群体的上位性效应明显大于YD群体，说明上位性效应对遗传背景更加敏感，需要进一步深入研究贡献率大的上位性QTL及其利用。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...

2012

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. 2012, 45:3029-3039 DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.15.003

QTL analysis of lodging-resistance related traits in soybean in different environments

Fan D M

(范冬梅) , (杨振) , (马占洲) , (曾庆力) , (杜翔宇) , (蒋洪蔚) , (刘春燕) , (韩冬伟) , (栾怀海) , (裴宇峰) , (陈庆山) , (胡国华) . (多环境条件下大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL分析) . (中国农业科学) , 2012 , 45 : 3029 - 3039 Fan D M

1.东北农业大学农学院，哈尔滨 150030 2.黑龙江省农垦科研育种中心，哈尔滨 150090 3.黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院，黑龙江齐齐哈尔 161041 4.国家大豆工程技术研究中心，哈尔滨 150050

【Objective】The objective of this study is to locate consensus QTLs of lodging-resistance related traits of soybean for breeding lodging-resistance varieties and increase yield of soybean, and convenience for mechanization harvest.【Method】In order to find out the steady and repeatable QTLs of these traits, a F2:16-F2:18 RIL population containing 147 lines derived from a cross between Charleston as female and Dongnong 594 as male parent were used in this experiment. A genetic linkage map was constructed with 164 SSR primers screened in two parents and amplified in 147 lines population. Nodes in main stem, stem thickness and stem weight QTLs of soybean were analyzed in two sites in three years. 【Result】 Sixteen nodes in main stem QTLs were detected in A1, B1, C2, D1a, D2, F, G, H and N linkage group, respectively. Ten stem thickness QTLs were detected in A1, B1, C2, D1a, E and G linkage group, respectively. Fifteen stem weight QTLs were detected in A1, A2, C2, D1a, D1b and G linkage group, respectively. In these QTLs, five QTLs for nodes in main stem, one QTLs for stem thickness and six QTLs for stem weight could be detected together by CIM and MIM, accounting for 8.6%-27.0%, 9.0%-11.0%, and 6.0%-39.0% of the general phenotypic variation, respectively. Three QTLs for nodes in main stem QTLs and two QTLs for stem weight could be detected together in more than two years, accounting for 8.0%-60.2% and 10.0%-23.0% of the general phenotypic variation, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Compared with QTLs mapped for nodes in main stem, stem thickness and stem weight, relatively large genetic correlation was found among lodging-resistance related traits of soybean.

【目的】定位大豆倒伏性相关形态性状的QTL为培育抗倒伏性高的品种提供依据。【方法】以美国大豆品种Charleston为母本，东北农业大学大豆品系东农594为父本及其F2:16—F2:18的重组自交系的147个株系为试验材料，164个SSR引物经亲本筛选后用于群体扩增，并构建遗传图谱。在三年两个地点对大豆的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重性状进行调查及QTL分析。【结果】共检测到16个主茎节数QTL，分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、D2、F、G、H和N连锁群上；检测到10个茎粗QTL,分别位于A1、B1、C2、D1a、E和G连锁群上；检测到15个茎秆重QTL，分别位于A1、A2、C2、D1a、D1b和G连锁群上。在得到的这些QTL中，2种算法都能检测到5个主茎节数QTL，解释表型变异范围为8.6%—27.0%；1个茎粗QTL，解释表型变异范围为9.0%—11.0%；6个茎秆重QTL，解释表型变异范围为6.0%—39.0%。在2年以上能被检测到3个主茎节数QTL，解释表型变异范围为8.0%—60.2%；2个茎秆重QTL，解释表型变异范围为10.0%—23.0%；2年以上未重复检测到茎粗QTL。【结论】通过比较定位的主茎节数、茎粗和茎秆重QTL，发现这些性状之间存在较大的遗传相关性。

... 、QTL连锁或重叠在小麦^[24,25,26]、玉米^[20,27]、大豆^[28]、黄瓜^[21]等作物中已有报道 ...