大豆脂肪酸主要组分含量QTL定位

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邹筱, 韩粉霞, 陈明阳, 孙君明, 南金平, 闫淑荣, 杨华. 大豆脂肪酸主要组分含量QTL定位. 作物学报, 2014, 40(9): 1595-1603[ZOU Xiao, HAN Fen-Xia, CHEN Ming-Yang, SUN Jun-Ming, NAN Jin-Ping, YAN Shu-Rong, YANG Hua. Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Major Fatty Acid Components in Soybean. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(9): 1595-1603] 复制到剪切板

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作物学报编辑部

大豆脂肪酸主要组分含量QTL定位

邹筱, 韩粉霞^*, 陈明阳, 孙君明, 南金平, 闫淑荣, 杨华

中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 农业部北京大豆生物学重点实验室 / 农作物基因资源与基因改良国家重大科学工程, 北京 100081

^*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 韩粉霞, E-mail:hanfenxia@caas.cn, Tel: 010-82108780

收稿日期:2014-06-16

基金:本研究由国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2013ZX08004-004, 2011ZX08004-004), 国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD35B06), 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目和国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA101106)资助;

摘要

以中黄13×中黄20的100个BC₂F₂家系为作图群体, 构建了一张包含131个SSR分子标记的遗传连锁图谱, 图谱总长为2157.3 cM, 平均遗传距离为16.5 cM, 涵盖大豆的20个连锁群。利用气相色谱技术测定BC₂F₂、BC₂F₃和BC₂F₄回交群体的脂肪酸主要组分含量, 采用IciMapping 3.3完备区间作图法定位QTL。共检测到5种脂肪酸组分相关的QTL 26个, 与棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸相关的QTL分别为5、5、7、5和4个; 3个区间在不同年份被检测到与同一脂肪酸组分相关, sat_294~satt228连续3年被检测到与棕榈酸含量相关, sat_253~satt323和sat_292~satt397连续2年被检测到与油酸含量相关; 4个区间被检测到与2种脂肪酸组分相关, 其中sat_294~satt228与棕榈酸、油酸相关, satt308~sat_422与硬脂酸、亚油酸相关, sat_292~satt397与油酸、亚油酸相关, satt374~satt269与油酸、亚麻酸相关。

关键词: 大豆; 脂肪酸; 遗传图谱; QTL

Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Major Fatty Acid Components in Soybean

ZOU Xiao, HAN Fen-Xia^*, CHEN Ming-Yang, SUN Jun-Ming, NAN Jin-Ping, YAN Shu-Rong, YANG Hua

Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Ministry of Agriculture / National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China

Fund:

Abstract

The soybean mapping population (100 BC₂F₂ lines) was developed from the cross Zhonghuang 13 × Zhonghuang 20. The linkage map contains 131 SSR markers covering a total distance of 2157.3 cM with an average of 16.5 cM. Five fatty acid components were measured by gas chromatography method in three years, and QTLs associated with these fatty acid components were analyzed using ICIM model in software IciMapping 3.3. A total of 26 QTLs were detected to be associated with the five fatty acid components, including five QTLs for palmitic acid, five QTLs for stearic acid, seven QTLs for oleic acid, five QTLs for linoleic acid and four QTLs for linolenic acid. Three marker intervals associated with the same fatty acid were detected repeatedly across years, including sat_294-satt228 for palmitic acid detected in three years and sat_253-satt323 and sat_292-satt397 for oleic acid detected in two years. Four intervals were found to be associated with two fatty acid components, i.e., sat_294-satt228 for palmitic and oleic acids, satt308-sat_422 for stearic and linoeic acids, sat_292-satt397 for oleic and linoeic acids, and satt374-satt269 for linoeic and linolenic acids.

Keyword: Soybean; Fatty acid; Linkage map; QTL

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大豆籽粒中脂肪主要是由甘油和脂肪酸组成的, 其中脂肪酸占脂肪总量的90%以上。大豆脂肪酸主要含有5种组分, 包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸与亚麻酸^{[ 1, 2]}, 其中棕榈酸和硬脂酸为饱和脂肪酸, 油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸为不饱和脂肪酸。脂肪酸的组成决定了植物油的质量, 为了满足食用油和工业用大豆油的需求, 改良脂肪酸已经成为大豆育种的焦点^{[ 3, 4, 5]}。

脂肪酸含量是受多基因控制的数量性状, 因此需要定位与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL以辅助大豆品质改良育种。QTL的定位群体主要有F₂群体、回交(BC)群体、重组自交系(RIL)群体和加倍单倍体(DH)群体等^{[ 6]}, 定位方法主要有单标记作图^{[ 7]}、区间作图^{[ 8]}、复合区间作图^{[ 9]}、完备区间作图^{[ 10, 11, 12]}、多区间作图^{[ 13]}等, 定位软件主要有WinQTL Cart、QTL network、IciMapping^{[ 14, 15]}等。近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[ 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25]}。目前在http://soybase.org/上已公布的与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL共165个, 与棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸5种组分相关的QTL分别有34、19、36、35和41个。应用于大豆脂肪酸含量QTL的定位群体主要是F₂群体和RIL群体, 而回交群体应用较少, 仅郑永战以BC₁群体为材料, 利用复合区间作图和多区间作图方法, 定位到18个与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[ 26]}。

本研究利用实验室已构建的以优良品种中黄13为轮回亲本、中黄20为供体亲本的BC₂回交群体, 结合表型数据和分子数据, 定位影响大豆脂肪酸主要组分含量的QTL, 从而为大豆脂肪酸分子标记辅助育种提供理论依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料与田间设计

以我国综合性状优良的黄淮海主栽大豆品种中黄13为轮回亲本, 高脂肪含量品种中黄20为供体亲本, 通过1次杂交、2次回交得到BC₂F₁混合群体, 从中随机选取100株, 构成100个家系, 作为试验群体。

2011、2012和2013年在北京顺义试验基地分别夏播种植中黄13×中黄20回交群体BC₂F₂、BC₂F₃和BC₂F₄及亲本, 以家系为单位混收混播。采用随机区组设计, 单行区, 3次重复, 行长3 m, 行距0.45 m, 株距0.10 m, 四周设保护行, 田间管理同一般大田, 株行收获。

1.2 脂肪酸含量测定

从每个家系每个重复随机选取30粒籽粒磨粉, 称取豆粉0.3 g置2 mL离心管中, 加入1.7 mL正己烷, 4℃过夜, 10 625 × g离心5 min, 吸取上清液加入300 μL甲醇钠溶液, 置摇床上振荡1 h, 10 625 × g离心5 min, 吸取上清液, 于GC上样检测。

参照于福宽等^{[ 27]}的方法, 利用岛津气相色谱仪GC2010测定大豆中5种主要脂肪酸组分的含量, 包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸。根据大豆脂肪酸组分标准样品的保留时间, 判断未知样品的成分, 采用面积归一化法计算5种脂肪酸组分的百分比含量。每个重复测定3次, 取平均值作为该脂肪酸组分的含量。

1.3 群体的基因型鉴定

BC₂F₃代植株出苗15~20 d后, 从每个家系选取15株, 采集幼嫩叶片, 等量混取。采用CTAB法提取叶片DNA, 用于基因型测定。参照http://soybase. org/网站上已定位到的与脂肪酸相关的QTL, 选择已知序列的SSR引物556对, 由英潍捷基(上海)贸易有限公司合成。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行引物多态性筛选和群体基因型鉴定。扩增产物与中黄13相同的带型记为“2”, 与中黄20相同的带型记为“0”, 杂合的带型记为“1”, 缺失的带型记为“-1”。

1.4 数据分析

利用Microsoft Execl 2010对群体的5种主要脂肪酸组分进行最大值、最小值、平均值、标准差和变异系数的整理和计算, 利用SAS 9.1软件的PROC ANOVA程序进行方差分析, PROC CORR程序进行组分间相关性分析。利用IciMapping 3.3软件的MAP功能构建遗传连锁图谱, 选择群体类型15 (BC₂F₂), Kosambi函数计算图距, LOD值设定为默认值3.0; 采用BIP功能中的完备区间作图法进行QTL定位, 扫描步长设定为默认值1.0 cM, LOD值为3.0^{[ 28, 29]}。

2 结果与分析

2.1 表型分析

从表1可看出, 亲本中黄13和中黄20间5种脂肪酸含量均存在差异, 其中油酸的差异最大, 且中黄13只在油酸含量上低于中黄20, 其他4种组分均高于中黄20。不同年份两亲本的脂肪酸含量也有所不同, 说明脂肪酸含量受环境影响较大。群体内家系间5种脂肪酸变异丰富, 都存在明显的超亲分离, 说明该群体适合进行QTL定位。油酸的变异幅度最大, 3年的极差都在7%以上, 其中2012年达到了7.84%, 这可能是亲本间油酸差异较大导致后代发生了更广泛的分离变异。硬脂酸变异系数最大, 在2011年达到了6.64%, 这是因为硬脂酸本身含量低, 较小的变异值也会造成较高的变异系数。

表1 中黄13×中黄20 BC₂群体脂肪酸组分含量统计分析 Table 1 Statistics analysis of fatty acid components for BC₂population

表2 中黄13×中黄20 BC₂群体脂肪酸含量方差分析 Table 2 Variance analysis of fatty acid components for BC₂population

方差分析表明, 大豆脂肪酸组分在家系、年份和家系与年份的互作间均存在极显著的差异(表2), 说明5种脂肪酸组分都是复杂的数量性状, 受基因和环境的共同影响。5种脂肪酸在家系间的变异为亚麻酸>油酸>硬脂酸>棕榈酸>亚油酸, 这与现有品种间变异程度的顺序是一致的。5种脂肪酸在年份间的变异为亚麻酸>亚油酸>油酸>硬脂酸>棕榈酸, 说明不饱和脂肪酸相较于饱和脂肪酸更易受环境的影响。

相关性分析(表3)表明, 脂肪酸组分之间都存在一定的相关, 棕榈酸和硬脂酸呈显著正相关, 即饱和脂肪酸2种组分的变化是一致的; 油酸和棕榈酸、硬脂酸均呈极显著的负相关, 间接说明不饱和脂肪酸是由饱和脂肪酸去饱和得到的; 油酸和亚麻酸、亚油酸也呈极显著负相关, 亚油酸和亚麻酸呈极显著的正相关, 这可能是因为不饱和脂肪酸是由同一种物质代谢得到的。油酸和亚油酸的相关系数最大, 为-0.92, 说明在育种中可以通过对油酸或亚油酸的选择, 从而达到对另一种成分的选择。此外, 从脂肪酸的相关上看, 选育适合食用和工业用的品种是可行的。

表3 大豆脂肪酸组分的相关分析 Table 3 Correlation coefficients among the fatty acid components in soybean

2.2 遗传图谱构建

556对SSR引物利用两亲本进行多态性筛选, 其中165对引物具有多态性, 利用BC₂F₃代幼嫩叶片提取的DNA进行群体基因型鉴定, 其中131对引物表现出多态性。根据SSR测定结果分析, 后代具有轮回亲本中黄13基因型的平均频率为85.73%, 具有中黄20基因型的平均频率为6.15%。利用IciMapping 3.3软件的BIP功能构建了一张包含131个SSR标记的遗传连锁图谱, 图谱总长为2157.3 cM, 平均遗传距离为16.5 cM, 涵盖了大豆的20个连锁群(图1)。在同一连锁群上的标记数目从3~10不等, 可见标记分布并不均匀, 这与引物的选择有很大关系。图谱中标记间最小距离为1.36 cM, 最大距离为72.69 cM, 标记间距离较大的区间还应该加密。

2.3 大豆脂肪酸组分含量QTL定位

利用新构建的遗传连锁图谱, 结合气相色谱仪测定的BC₂F₂、BC₂F₃、BC₂F₄群体5种主要脂肪酸含量, 采用IciMapping 3.3软件的MAP功能中的完备区间作图方法, 共定位到26个与5种脂肪酸组分相关的QTL (表4), 分布在13个不同的连锁群上, 其中以M连锁群上最多(图1)。

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	图1 大豆遗传连锁图谱Fig. 1 A linkage map of soybean

检测到5个与棕榈酸含量相关的QTL, 分布在A2、C1、L连锁群上。其中2011年检测到的 qPA-1、2012年检测到的 qPA-2和2013年检测到的 qPA-5均定位在A2连锁群标记sat_294~satt228间, 且均位于60 cM处, 说明三者是同一个QTL, 其表型贡献率达8.82%~11.55%, 这是唯一3年均被检测到与棕榈酸相关的区间(表5); 位于L连锁群标记satt613~ satt278区间的 qPA-3表型贡献率最大, 达12.34%。

表4 完备区间作图方法检测到的QTL Table 4 QTLs associated with fatty acid components of soybean by ICIM method

表5 各年份重复检测到的与脂肪酸含量相关的区间 Table 5 Intervals associated with different fatty acid components detected in different years

检测到5个与硬脂酸相关的QTL, 分布在B2、K、M和O连锁群上。其中位于O连锁群上的 qSA-2和K连锁群的 qSA-3表型贡献率分别达21.26%和20.38%, 是2个相对主效的QTL; qSA-1和 qSA-5均被定位在M连锁群上, 但是2个QTL位置相距较远, 不是同一个QTL, 所以M连锁群上可能存在多个与硬脂酸合成和代谢相关的基因。

检测到7个与油酸相关的QTL, 分布在A2、D2、F、M和N连锁群上。其中 qOA-1和 qOA-4均被定位在M连锁群的sat_253~satt323区间, 表型贡献率分别为14.81%和17.64%, 位置仅相距1 cM, 基本可以认定是同一个QTL, 说明这是一个在供试群体中能够稳定遗传的QTL; 同样, 均定位在D2连锁群的sat_292~satt397区间的 qOA-2和 qOA-6很可能也是同一个QTL; 表型贡献率达到了9.57%的 qOA-5所在的区间sat_294~satt228, 与连续3年检测到与棕榈酸相关的区间相同, 但是位置相距19 cM, 可能不是同一个QTL; 位于F连锁群2侧标记分别为satt374和satt269的 qOA-7是检测到的7个QTL中表型贡献率最高的, 达到了23.31%。

检测到5个与亚油酸相关的QTL, 分布在C1、D2、E和M连锁群上。其中表型贡献率最高(15.69%)的 qLA-1被定位在D2连锁群上, 与油酸相关的 qOA-2和 qOA-6位于同一区间, 且与 qOA-6的位置相同, 说明控制油酸和亚油酸的基因可能是相同的, 这与2种组分间极显著相关是一致的; qLA-3与 qSA-5同样被定位到同一区间satt308~sat_422内, 但是由于在M连锁群的起始位置, 附近缺少相关标记, 所以难以判断是否为同一个QTL。

检测到4个与亚麻酸相关的QTL, 分布在C2、D1a、F和M连锁群上, 2012年没有检测到相关的QTL。其中表型贡献率高达20.75%的 qLNA-2, 与 qOA-7定位到同一个区间satt374~satt269内, 但是位置相距15 cM, 两者是否为同一个QTL还有待进一步验证。

3 讨论

脂肪酸组分在年份间差异极显著, 因此在进行脂肪酸相关研究时应该进行多年试验, 以获得更为准确的结果。棕榈酸含量受年份的影响最小, 这与Primomo等^{[ 30]}的研究结果一致, 说明棕榈酸可能是5种脂肪酸中最稳定的。亚油酸和亚麻酸含量受年份影响较大, 而Hou等^{[ 31]}和Zhe等^{[ 32]}的研究表明, 亚油酸和亚麻酸受环境影响大, 可见年份和环境对这2种组分都有较大影响。在进行QTL定位时, 不同年份应作为不同性状, 以获得更多相对稳定的QTL。

棕榈酸和油酸呈极显著负相关, 这与吕景良等^{[ 2]}和于福宽^{[ 20]}的研究结果一致。油酸与亚油酸、亚麻酸含量呈显著负相关, 亚油酸与亚麻酸呈显著正相关, 这和张志永^{[ 33]}、年海等^{[ 34]}、陈霞^[35]]和谢冬微等^{[ 36]}的研究结果一致, 说明脂肪酸组分间的相关关系比较稳定, 可以通过对其中一种组分的选择, 间接达到选择其他组分的目的。

连续3年检测到区间sat_294~satt228与棕榈酸相关, 连续2年检测到sat_253~satt323和sat_292~ satt397与油酸相关, 这些可能是能够稳定遗传的QTL, 对于挖掘脂肪酸相关基因具有重要意义。在sat_294~satt228区间检测到与棕榈酸和油酸2种组分相关的QTL, 在satt308~sat_422间检测到与硬脂酸和亚油酸2种组分相关的QTL, 在sat_292~ satt397间检测到与油酸和亚油酸2种组分相关的QTL, 在satt374~satt269间检测到与油酸和亚麻酸2种组分相关的QTL, 这可能是因为区间范围较大, 区间内包含较多的相关基因, 也说明各个组分间存在相对稳定的相关关系。

本文在标记sat_294的附近多次检测到与棕榈酸和油酸相关的QTL, Bachlava等^{[ 37]}也在多年多个环境检测到该标记与油酸相关, 说明这是一个能够稳定遗传的QTL, 受环境和遗传背景影响小。在satt184~satt179区间内检测到一个与亚麻酸相关的QTL, 该区间曾被Hyten等^{[ 38]}利用Essex×Williams的RIL群体通过复合区间作图法定位到与脂肪相关, 亚麻酸是脂肪的重要组成部分, 两者的含量可能受同一基因的影响和调控, 此外该QTL在不同群体内被定位到, 说明可能是一个不受遗传背景影响的QTL或者这是一段相对保守的序列区间。

Qi等^{[ 39]}在标记satt278、satt358和satt269附近检测到一些与脂肪相关的QTL, 而本文检测到3个标记分别与棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸相关, 虽然定位到了同一标记附近, 但都不是同一QTL, 说明在这些标记的附近存在一些与脂肪或脂肪酸相关的微效基因。标记satt045在本文中检测到与亚油酸含量相关, 但是在前人的研究中却检测到与棕榈酸和脂肪含量相关^{[ 40]}。标记sat_132、satt560和satt308在本文中都是与硬脂酸含量相关, 但是在前人的研究中却显示sat_132与棕榈酸含量相关^{[ 41]}, satt308与蛋白质^{[ 42]}、水溶性蛋白^{[ 43]}和脂肪^{[ 44]}相关, 而satt560则与亚麻酸^{[ 45]}以及蛋白质^{[ 46]}相关。可见, 脂肪酸各组分的合成与多种品质性状的合成相关, 说明脂肪酸的合成过程非常复杂, 调控网络相互交错, 进一步说明脂肪酸各组分都是由多个微效基因控制的数量性状。

此外, 本文还挖掘到一些从未报道过的与脂肪酸相关的QTL, 如 qOA-1 (sat_253~satt323)、 qOA-2 (sat_292~satt397)、 qLNA-2 (satt374~satt269)等, 这可能是本群体特有的QTL。这些QTL所在的区间在本研究中被多次定位到, 说明这是控制脂肪酸含量QTL的效应集中区域。从连锁图上可以看到, 连锁群M上定位到了多个不同的QTL, 下一步研究中应该对连锁群M进行标记加密, 以期获得更精确的QTL。

4 结论

检测到26个与脂肪酸组分含量相关的QTL, 与棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸相关的QTL分别有5个、5个、7个、5个和4个。连续3年检测到sat_294~satt228与棕榈酸相关, 连续2年检测到sat_253~satt323和sat_292~satt397与油酸相关, 是相对稳定的QTL, 可应用于大豆脂肪酸分子标记辅助育种。检测到区间sat_294~satt228与棕榈酸、油酸相关, satt308~sat_422与硬脂酸、亚油酸相关, sat_292~satt397与油酸、亚油酸相关, satt374~satt269到与油酸、亚麻酸相关, 可能是相关基因分布的密集区。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

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1984

0.0

... 大豆脂肪酸主要含有5种组分, 包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸与亚麻酸^[1,2], 其中棕榈酸和硬脂酸为饱和脂肪酸, 油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸为不饱和脂肪酸 ...

1990

0.0

1.667

. 1990, 16:349-355

Fatty acid composition analysis of soybean germplasm resources in Northeast

Soybean Institute; Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences

2341 samples of soybean germplasm resources in Northeast China were studied fortheir fatty acid composition.The results indicated that among the 5 kinds of fattyacid analyzed the content of linoleic acid was the highest,about 45—62% of the total amount.The order of the 5 fatty acid according to qua

测定2341份我国东北地区大豆品种资源5种脂肪酸含量。以亚油酸含量最高,45—62%。平均含量依次为亚油酸>油酸>棕榈酸>亚麻酸>硬脂酸。分析比较结果,各脂肪酸含量,不同种皮色、脐色、结荚习性、叶形和花色品种间存在显著差异。棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸含量,不同栽培类型、不同粒形品种间有显著差异。硬脂酸、油酸和亚麻酸

... 棕榈酸和油酸呈极显著负相关, 这与吕景良等^[2]和于福宽^[20]的研究结果一致 ...

2006

1.643

0.0

. 2006, 152:67-73 DOI:10.1007/s10681-006-9179-3

Modifier QTL for fatty acid composition in soybean oil

1.Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 2.Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, 2505 River Dr., 208c Brehm Animal Sciences, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the principal oilseed crop in the world. Soybean oil has various industrial and food applications. The quality of soybean oil is determined by its fatty acid composition. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic are the predominant fatty acids in soybean oil. The objective of this study was to determine the associations of simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers with minor differences in fatty acids in soybean oil thereby detecting modifier quantitative trait loci (QTL) which could further improve soybean oil quality. To achieve this objective, 101 F 6 -derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a population whose parents did not contain major mutant fatty acid alleles were developed from a cross of N87-984-16 × TN93-99. Fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. Heritability estimates on an entry mean basis for fatty acids ranged from 65.8 to 77.3% for palmitic and linoleic acids, respectively. Molecular marker Satt537 located on molecular linkage group (MLG) D1b was associated with palmitic acid and Satt168 and Satt249 located on MLG B2 and J, respectively were associated with stearic acid. Molecular markers Satt185 or Satt268 (which are within 0.6 cM of each other) located on MLG E were consistently associated with oleic and linoleic acid, and Satt263 and Satt235 located on MLG E and G, respectively were associated with linolenic acid. The lack of markers associated with multiple fatty acids suggests the possibility of independently changing fatty acid levels to achieve a desirable composition, except for regions common to all saturated fatty acids. Phenotypic variation explained by the fatty acids modifier QTL ranged from 10 to 22.5%. These modifier QTL may be useful in making minor improvements to further enhance the quality of soybean oil.

... 脂肪酸的组成决定了植物油的质量, 为了满足食用油和工业用大豆油的需求, 改良脂肪酸已经成为大豆育种的焦点^[3,4,5] ...

2008

0.0

0.49

. 2008, (增刊-1):18-21

Genetic modification of the saturated fatty acid composition of soybean

为了更好地满足消费者的需要,遗传改良豆油中脂肪酸含量已经取得很大进展,并有3个油分改良的大豆品种已经商品化,其油分中亚麻酸的含量已经从原来的8%降到了1%,油酸含量也已从25%增加到80%,棕榈酸从11%降到小于4%.传统育种和基因工程育种都是遗传改良大豆油的手段.阐述了遗传改良、基因型扣表现型的选择等多方法对脂肪酸的影响,总结了大豆饱和脂肪酸组翻改良的主要进展.

... 脂肪酸的组成决定了植物油的质量, 为了满足食用油和工业用大豆油的需求, 改良脂肪酸已经成为大豆育种的焦点^[3,4,5] ...

2006

0.0

... 脂肪酸的组成决定了植物油的质量, 为了满足食用油和工业用大豆油的需求, 改良脂肪酸已经成为大豆育种的焦点^[3,4,5] ...

2007

0.0

... QTL的定位群体主要有F₂群体、回交(BC)群体、重组自交系(RIL)群体和加倍单倍体(DH)群体等^[6], 定位方法主要有单标记作图^[7]、区间作图^[8]、复合区间作图^[9]、完备区间作图^[10,11,12]、多区间作图^[13]等, 定位软件主要有WinQTL Cart、QTL network、IciMapping ^[14,15]等 ...

1994

3.658

0.0

1989

4.389

0.0

1994

4.389

0.0

2007

4.389

0.0

2008

3.658

0.0

. 2008, 116:243-260 DOI:10.1007/s00122-007-0663-5

Inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) for digenic epistasis of quantitative traits in biparental populations

1.School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China 2.Generation Challenge Programme, c/o CIMMYT, Apdo. Postal 6-641, Mexico, D.F., 06600 Mexico 3.The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science and CIMMYT China Office, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China

It has long been recognized that epistasis or interactions between non-allelic genes plays an important role in the genetic control and evolution of quantitative traits. However, the detection of epistasis and estimation of epistatic effects are difficult due to the complexity of epistatic patterns, insufficient sample size of mapping populations and lack of efficient statistical methods. Under the assumption of additivity of QTL effects on the phenotype of a trait in interest, the additive effect of a QTL can be completely absorbed by the flanking marker variables, and the epistatic effect between two QTL can be completely absorbed by the four marker-pair multiplication variables between the two pairs of flanking markers. Based on this property, we proposed an inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) by simultaneously considering marker variables and marker-pair multiplications in a linear model. Stepwise regression was applied to identify the most significant markers and marker-pair multiplications. Then a two-dimensional scanning (or interval mapping) was conducted to identify QTL with significant digenic epistasis using adjusted phenotypic values based on the best multiple regression model. The adjusted values retain the information of QTL on the two current mapping intervals but exclude the influence of QTL on other intervals and chromosomes. Epistatic QTL can be identified by ICIM, no matter whether the two interacting QTL have any additive effects. Simulated populations and one barley doubled haploids (DH) population were used to demonstrate the efficiency of ICIM in mapping both additive QTL and digenic interactions.

2009

0.0

1.667

. 2009, 35:239-245 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.00239

Inclusive composite interval mapping of quantitative trait genes

Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/CIMMYT China Office, Beijing 100081,China

Rapid increase in the availability of fine-scale genetic marker maps has led to the intensive use of QTL mapping in the genetic study of quantitative traits. Composite interval mapping (CIM) is one of the most commonly used methods for QTL mapping with populations derived from biparental crosses. However, the algorithm used in CIM cannot completely ensure that the effect of QTL at current testing interval is not absorbed by the background marker variables, and may result in biased estimation of QTL effect. We proposed a statistical method for QTL mapping, which was called inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM). Two steps were included in ICIM. In the first step, stepwise regression was applied to identify the most significant regression variables. In the second step, a one-dimensional scanning or interval mapping was conducted for detecting additive (and dominance) QTL and a two-dimensional scanning was conducted for detecting digenic epistasis. ICIM provides intuitive statistics for testing additive, dominance and epistasis, and can be used for most experimental populations derived from two inbred parental lines. The EM algorithm used in ICIM has a fast convergence speed and is therefore less computing intensive. ICIM retains all advantages of CIM over interval mapping, and avoids the possible increase of sampling variance and the complicated background marker selection process in CIM. A doubled haploid (DH) population in barley was used to demonstrate the application of ICIM in mapping additive QTL and additive by additive interacting QTL.

结合分子标记和表型数据的 QTL 作图已成为数量性状遗传分析的常规方法。复合区间作图是近 10 多年来广泛应用的一种 QTL 定位方法，但它在算法上有一些缺陷，致使 QTL 效应可能会被侧连标记区间之外的标记变量吸收，同时不同的背景标记选择方法对作图结果的影响较大，并且难以推广到上位型互作 QTL 的定位。针对这些问题，笔者提出完备区间作图方法。本文介绍了该方法的遗传和统计原理，并通过一个大麦加倍单倍体群体说明其在定位加性 QTL 和加性 × 加性互作 QTL 中的应用。完备区间作图包含两个步骤：首先利用所有标记的信息，通过逐步回归选择重要的标记变量并估计其效应；然后利用逐步回归得到的线性模型校正表型数据，通过一维扫描定位加 ( 显 ) 性效应 QTL ，通过二维扫描定位上位型互作 QTL 。这种作图策略简化了复合区间作图中控制背景遗传变异的过程，提高了对 QTL 的检测功效。

1999

4.389

0.0

2012

2.0

0.0

2002

1.513

0.0

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2003

3.658

0.0

. 2003, 106:null-null DOI:10.1007/s00122-002-1086-y

Mapping the Fas locus controlling stearic acid content in soybean

1.The University of Tennessee, Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Systems, 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Center Drive, Knoxville, TN 37996-4561, USA

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2010

0.0

1.667

. 2010, 36:1498-1505 DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01498

QTL analysis of fatty acids contents in soybean

1 College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; 2 Heilongjiang Agriculture College of Vocational Technology, Jiamusi 154007, China; 3 Land Reclamation Research & Breeding Centre of Heilongjiang, Harbin 150090, China; 4 Jiamusi Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, China; 5 Hongxinglong Research Institute of General Bureau of Land Reclamation Heilongjian, Youyi 155811, China

Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., is one of the main plant oil sources. Most researches have focused on the improvement of oil content. However, improving fatty acid composition is the main aspect of soybean breeding now. This study aimed at mapping QTLs conferring fatty acids contents in soybean on the genetic map which had been constructed in our lab to provide a reference of soybean oil quality breeding. Five kinds of fatty acid contents of 154 F 14 and F 15 lines devised qSt-B1-1 , qSt-B1-2 , qSt-D1a-1 and qSt-C2-1 ;three for related with oleic acid content, i.e. qOle-B2-1 , qOle-G-1 , and qOle-H-1 ; two for related with linoleic acid content, i.e. qLin-C2-1 and qLin-H-1 , and four for linolenic acid content, i.e. qLino- B1-1 , qLino- C2-1 , qLino- D1b-1 , and qLino- J- 1 . These stable QTLs pave a way for specific fatty acid contents breeding by marker-assisted selection. The number of main-effect QTLs with large effect conferring the contents of fatty acids appeared not as many as expected, it may also subject to a number of the micro-effect genes which failed to detect. from a cross of Charleston (♀) × Dongnong 594 (♂) were measured by GC at three locations in two years. The QTLs of fatty acids contents were analyzed with method of composite interval mapping (CIM) by Win QTL Cartographer 2.5. In total, 47 related QTLs distributed on the 13 linkage groups were obtained. Seventeen QTLs were detected in different years or different sites, including two for palmitic acid content, i.e. qPal-C2-2 and qPal-A1-1 ; four for stearic acid content, i.e.

利用Charleston(♀)×东农594(♂)的F 14 和F 15 代永久自交系群体154个单株后代，在两年3点条件下用气相色谱法测得其籽粒5种脂肪酸的含量，利用Win QTL Cartographer 2.5复合区间作图法(CIM)进行QTL分析。结果共检测到47个相关的QTL，分布在13个连锁群上。多年多点同时检测到的QTL共有13个，其中控制软脂酸性状的2个，包括 qPal-C2-2 和 qPal-A1-1 ；控制硬脂酸性状的４个，包括 qSt-B1-1 、 qSt-B1-2 、 qSt-D1a-1 和 qSt-C2-1 ；控制油酸性状3个，包括 qOle-B2-1 、 qOle-G-1 和 qOle-H-1 ；控制亚油酸性状的有2个，包括 qLin-C2-1 和 qLin-H-1 ；控制亚麻酸性状的4个，包括 qLino-B1-1 、 qLino-C2-1 、 qLino-D1b-1 和 qLino-J-1 。这些QTL的一致性较高，为特异脂肪酸含量标记辅助育种奠定了基础。大豆脂肪酸含量的主效QTL数量不多, 效应大的不多, 可能还受许多未能检测出来的微效基因控制。

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2010

0.0

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2011

0.0

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

... 棕榈酸和油酸呈极显著负相关, 这与吕景良等^[2]和于福宽^[20]的研究结果一致 ...

2012

3.251

0.0

. 2012, 30:169-179 DOI:10.1007/s11032-011-9607-5

1. Soybean Research Institute (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China 2. Soybean Research Centre, Agricultural Academy of Jilin Province, Jilin, 130033, China

Abstract Soybean fatty acids (FAs) are major sources of vegetable oil in the world. The FA composition of soybean is associated with the quality and nutritional value of its oil and food products. The polyunsaturated FAs, particularly linolenic acid (LN), are prone to oxidation by lipoxygenase isozymes and negatively affect the flavor and shelf-life of soybean products. The improvement of FA composition and the increase of oxidative stability has been a major goal of soybean breeding for decades. The objective of the present study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the low LN and other FA contents in six environments. One hundred and twenty-five recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of F5:7, F5:8 and F5:9 generations derived by the single-seed-descent method from the cross of Hefeng 25 [LN 6.20%; linoleic acid (LI) 53.06%; oleic acid (OL) 19.75%; palmitic acid (PA) 12.16%; stearic acid (ST) 4.97%] and Dongnong L-5 (LN 2.53%; LI 59.30%; OL 24.24%; PA 10.0%; ST 3.99%) were used in this study. A total of 112 simple sequence repeat markers were used to construct a genetic linkage map. Six QTL associated with LN content, four QTL associated with LI content, four QTL associated with OL content, four QTL associated with PA content and one QTL associated with ST content were identified, and mapped onto different linkage groups (LGs). The QTL detected here explained 2.53–37.30% of phenotypic variation for individual FA in different environments or individual FA means. Of them, the beneficial alleles of QLNB2_1 (close to Satt726), QLNB2_2 (close to Fad3a-4) and QLND1b_1 (close to Satt701), which were associated with low LN content across various environments and LN means, were derived from Dongnong L-5. These three QTL might have great potential value in marker-assisted selection for low LN content in soybean seed.

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2009

0.0

. 2009, 28:774-780

Meta-analysis of fatty acid QTLs in soybean

大豆油中脂肪酸的种类与含量是衡量其品质的主要指标.目前,对大豆脂肪酸组分相关的QTL研究较多,然而这些结果之间由于作图群体、分析方法以及环境条件的差异造成了QTL定位的区间过大或定位区间重叠等问题.通过搜集已报道的与大豆脂肪酸含量相关的83个QTL,提取相对有效且可靠的QTL标记信息,利用元分析软件BioMercator2.1将这些QTL映射到大豆公共遗传连锁图谱Soymap2上,构建了一张大豆脂肪酸组分相关QTL一致性图谱.并利用QTL的95%的置信区间来元分析推断"真实"QTL的位置.结果共得到定位在10个连锁群上的19个"真实"QTLs,他们主要分布在A1、B2、D1b、D2、E、G、L这7条连锁群上且成簇分布,明显缩短了其QTL的置信区间.研究结果为大豆脂肪酸组分相关的QTL的精细定位以及脂肪酸组分相关基因挖掘提供了有力的依据.

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2012

3.251

0.0

. 2012, 30:1163-1179 DOI:10.1007/s11032-012-9704-0

Quantitative trait locus analysis of saturated fatty acids in a population of recombinant inbred lines of soybean

1. Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA 2. Crop Production and Protection, GWCC-BLTSVL, USDA/ARS, 5601 Sunnyside Ave, Beltsville, MD, 20705-5139, USA 3. Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA/ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA 4. Pioneer Hi-Bred International, 7300 NW 62nd Ave., PO Box 1004, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA

Abstract Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important crop which contributes approximately 58% of the world’s oilseed production. Palmitic and stearic acids are the two main saturated fatty acids in soybean oil. Different levels of saturated fatty acids are desired depending on the uses of the soybean oil. Vegetable oil low in saturated fatty acids is preferred for human consumption, while for industrial applications, soybean oil with higher levels of saturated fatty acids is more suitable. The objectives of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for saturated fatty acids, analyze the genetic effects of single QTL and QTL combinations, and discuss the potential of marker-assisted selection in soybean breeding for modified saturated fatty acid profiles. A population of recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of SD02-4-59 × A02-381100 was grown in five environments and the seed samples from each environment were evaluated for fatty acid content. Genotyping of the population was performed with 516 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism markers and 298 polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers. Eight QTL for palmitic acid, five QTL for stearic acid and nine QTL for total saturated fatty acids were detected by composite interval mapping and/or interval mapping, with a high level of consistency or repeatability in multiple environments. Most of these QTL have not been reported previously, with the exception of qPAL - A1 which confirmed the result of a previous study. Significant QTL × QTL interactions were not detected. However, significant QTL × environment interactions were detected in most cases. Comparisons of two-locus and three-locus combinations indicated that cumulative effects of QTL were significant for both palmitic and stearic acids. QTL pyramiding by molecular marker-assisted selection would be an appropriate strategy for improvement of saturated fatty acids in soybean.

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2014

3.251

0.0

Mol Breeding. 2014, 33(2):281-296

Quantitative trait locus analysis of unsaturated fatty acids in a recombinant inbred population of soybean

Xianzhi Wang (1) , Guo-Liang Jiang (1) , Marci Green (1) , Roy A. Scott (2) , David L. Hyten (3) (4) , Perry B. Cregan (3)

1. Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, Northern Plains Biostress Laboratory Building, Box 2140C, Brookings, SD, 57007, USA 2. Crop Production and Protection, GWCC-BLTSVL, USDA/ARS, 5601 Sunnyside Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705-5139, USA 3. Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA/ARS, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Beltsville, MD, 20705-2350, USA 4. Pioneer Hi-Bred International, 7300 NW 62nd Ave., PO Box 1004, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is an important oilseed crop which produces about 30 % of the world’s edible vegetable oil. The quality of soybean oil is determined by its fatty acid composition. Soybean oil high in oleic and low in linolenic fatty acids is desirable for human consumption and other uses. The objectives of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for unsaturated fatty acids and to evaluate the genetic effects of single QTL and QTL combinations in soybean. A population of recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of SD02-4-59 × A02-381100 was evaluated for fatty acid content in seven environments. In total, 516 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphism markers, 477 polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers and three GmFAD3 genes were used to genotype the mapping population. By using the composite interval mapping and/or the interval mapping method, a total of 15 QTLs for the three unsaturated fatty acids were detected in more than two environments. Two QTLs for oleic acid on linkage groups G [chromosome (Chr) 18] ( qOLE - G ) and J (Chr 16) ( qOLE - J ), three QTLs for linoleic acid on linkage groups A1 (Chr 5) ( qLLE - A1 ) and G (Chr 18) ( qLLE - G - 1 and qLLE - G - 2 ), and five QTLs for linolenic acid on linkage groups C2 (Chr 6), D1a (Chr 1), D1b (Chr 2), F (Chr 13) and G (Chr 18) were consistently detected in at least three individual environments and the average data over all environments. Significant QTL × QTL interactions were not detected. However, significant QTL × environment interactions were detected for all the QTLs which were repeatedly detected. Some QTLs reported previously were confirmed, and seven new QTLs (two for oleic acid, two for linoleic acid and three for linolenic acid) were identified in this study. Comparisons of two-locus and three-locus combinations indicated that cumulative effects of QTLs were significant for all the three unsaturated fatty acids. QTL pyramiding by molecular marker-assisted breeding would be an appropriate strategy for the improvement of unsaturated fatty acids in soybean.

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2014

0.0

... 近年来, 国内外学者利用不同群体和不同方法定位到大量与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^{[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]} ...

2006

0.0

... 应用于大豆脂肪酸含量QTL的定位群体主要是F₂群体和RIL群体, 而回交群体应用较少, 仅郑永战以BC₁群体为材料, 利用复合区间作图和多区间作图方法, 定位到18个与脂肪酸含量相关的QTL^[26] ...

2011

0.0

... 参照于福宽等^[27]的方法, 利用岛津气相色谱仪GC2010测定大豆中5种主要脂肪酸组分的含量, 包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸 ...

2010

0.0

1.667

... 0^[28,29] ...

2011

0.0

. 2011, 14:57-63 DOI:10.1007/s12892-010-0030-y

Mapping quantitative trait loci conferring blast resistance in upland indica rice (Oryza sativa L.)

1.Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development, Jl. Tentara Pelajar No.3A, Cimanggu, Bogor, 16111 Indonesia 2.International Rice Research Institute, College, Los Banos, Laguna, 4031 Philippines

A genetic analysis of blast resistance in upland rice variety is very crucial. In this study, we performed a linkage mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for blast resistance using an advanced backcross population from a cross between Way Rarem (susceptible indica variety) and Oryzica Llanos 5 (durable resistant indica variety). A transgressive segregation was observed in the advanced backcross population of Way Rarem//Oryzica Llanos 5. A total of 16 QTLs have been identified along chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 against eight blast pathogen isolates. Each QTL accounted from 11.31 to 45.11% of the variation in blast resistance. Most QTLs showed race specificity, demonstrating the small effect of such QTLs. Unexpectedly, several superior blast resistance alleles were contributed by Way Rarem, the susceptible-recurrent parent. Among eight candidate defense response genes detected in several loci, a single gene (oxalate oxidase) present on chromosome 3 was found to be associated with blast resistance in upland indica rice. Ultimately, these advanced backcross lines with resistance to blast tagged by markers might be useful for pyramiding blast resistance alleles in upland rice.

... 0^[28,29] ...

2002

1.513

0.0

... 棕榈酸含量受年份的影响最小, 这与Primomo等^[30]的研究结果一致, 说明棕榈酸可能是5种脂肪酸中最稳定的 ...

2006

1.592

0.0

. 2006, 83:759-763 DOI:10.1007/s11746-006-5011-4

environmental effects on fatty acids levels in soybean seed oil

1.Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Bldg., N1G 2W1 ON, Guelph, Canada

FA composition determines the quality of vegetable oil. Soybean breeders have generated and used mutations in FA genes to develop altered FA profiles in the seed. However, the expression of the alleles and the relative activity of the gene products are often dependent on the environment, and these facts have hampered the breeding efforts. To investigate the environmental effect on FA composition of soybean seed oil in specific mutant material developed at the University of Guelph, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed from a cross between a low palmitate (16∶0) line and a high-stearate (18∶0) parent. The RIL population was field-tested across three environments over 2 yr. A combined ANOVA for FA composition was conducted to determine the year and location effects on the expression of FA alleles in this material. The results indicated that linolenic (18∶3) level was most vulnerable to the environmental changes. Year effects accounted for a greater amount of variance than location effects for 16∶0, 18∶0, and 18∶1, whereas location effects were more important than year effects for the relative amounts of 18∶2 and 18∶3. Genotype × environment (year, location) interaction effects were significant for the relative amounts of all five FA according to the combined ANOVA. Our results indicated that the extreme minimum daily temperatures during September seed fill period, rather than the means or the maximum temperature, may be responsible for the ratio of saturated vs. unsaturated FA in soybean oil.

... 亚油酸和亚麻酸含量受年份影响较大, 而Hou等^[31]和Zhe等^[32]的研究表明, 亚油酸和亚麻酸受环境影响大, 可见年份和环境对这2种组分都有较大影响 ...

2010

1.513

0.0

... 亚油酸和亚麻酸含量受年份影响较大, 而Hou等^[31]和Zhe等^[32]的研究表明, 亚油酸和亚麻酸受环境影响大, 可见年份和环境对这2种组分都有较大影响 ...

1991

0.0

... 油酸与亚油酸、亚麻酸含量呈显著负相关, 亚油酸与亚麻酸呈显著正相关, 这和张志永^[33]、年海等^[34]、陈霞^[35]]和谢冬微等^[36]的研究结果一致, 说明脂肪酸组分间的相关关系比较稳定, 可以通过对其中一种组分的选择, 间接达到选择其他组分的目的 ...

1996

0.0

1996

0.0

2010

0.0

. 2010, 29:403-407

Correlation of fatty acid with major agronomic characters of soybean in different environments

通过气相色谱法,对3个不同环境下合丰25(亚麻酸含量7.48%)×父本L-5(亚麻酸含量2.66%)的F6代重组自交系籽粒的脂肪酸组分含量进行测定.分析了不同地点的5种脂肪酸的相对含量之间以及与主要农艺性状的相关性.结果表明:不同地点重组自交系内5种脂肪酸的相对含量差异显著,且在不同地理条件下脂肪酸的变异系数变化趋势相同.油酸,亚油酸和亚麻酸之间的相关关系很稳定,均为亚油酸与亚麻酸呈显著正相关,而油酸与二者都呈极显著负相关.亚麻酸与百粒重呈极显著正相关,表明可以利用百粒重对亚麻酸进行间接选择.不同环境条件下脂肪酸含量与百粒重的通径系数不尽相同,说明通过百粒重进行间接选择,只能作为选育低亚麻酸品种的辅助手段.

2009

1.513

0.0

... 本文在标记sat_294的附近多次检测到与棕榈酸和油酸相关的QTL, Bachlava等^[37]也在多年多个环境检测到该标记与油酸相关, 说明这是一个能够稳定遗传的QTL, 受环境和遗传背景影响小 ...

2004

3.658

0.0

. 2004, 109:552-561 DOI:10.1007/s00122-004-1661-5

Seed quality QTL in a prominent soybean population

1.Department of Plant Sciences The University of Tennessee 252 Ellington Plant Science Building, 2431 Joe Johnson Drive Knoxville TN 37996 USA 2.Department of Animal Science The University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA 3.Department of Agronomy University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40546 USA 4.Department of Plant, Soil, and General Agriculture Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL 62901 USA 5.Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory USDA-ARS-PSI Building 006, 10300 Baltimore Avenue Beltsville MD 20705 USA

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a versatile crop due to its multitude of uses as a high protein meal and vegetable oil. Soybean seed traits such as seed protein and oil concentration and seed size are important quantitative traits. The objective of this study was to identify representative protein, oil, and seed size quantitative trait loci (QTL) in soybean. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 131 F 6 -derived lines was created from two prominent ancestors of North American soybeans ( Essex and Williams ) and the RILs were grown in six environments. One hundred simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers spaced throughout the genome were mapped in this population. There were a total of four protein, six oil, and seven seed size QTL found in this population. The QTL found in this study may assist breeders in marker-assisted selection (MAS) to retain current positive QTL in modern soybeans while simultaneously pyramiding additional QTL from new germplasm.

... 在satt184~satt179区间内检测到一个与亚麻酸相关的QTL, 该区间曾被Hyten等^[38]利用Essex#cod#x000d7 ...

2011

1.643

0.0

. 2011, 179:499-514 DOI:10.1007/s10681-011-0386-1

Soybean oil content QTL mapping and integrating with meta-analysis method for mining genes

1.Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China 2.Research Center for Crop Breeding of Hei-Long-jiang Land Reclamation, Harbin, China

Oil content of soybean was a valuable quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Eleven QTLs were detected by both CIM and MIM method with the population crossed between Charleston and Dong nong594 in recent 3 years (2007, 2008, 2009). Combining the QTLs collected over the past 20 years, an integrated map of oil-content major QTLs in soybean was established using soymap2, which was published in 2004, as a reference. Using the software BioMercator ver.2.1, QTLs were projected from their own maps onto the reference map. In total, ninety-eight QTLs were integrated into soymap2. A meta-analysis method was used to narrow down the confidence interval, and 20 consensus QTLs and their corresponding markers were obtained. Using a local version of GENSCAN, 10,137 sequences in the consensus QTL intervals were predicted. With BLAST, these predicted genes were compared to the International Protein Index database to mine the related genes. The results offer a basis for gene mining and molecular breeding in soybean.

... Qi等^[39]在标记satt278、satt358和satt269附近检测到一些与脂肪相关的QTL, 而本文检测到3个标记分别与棕榈酸、硬脂酸和油酸相关, 虽然定位到了同一标记附近, 但都不是同一QTL, 说明在这些标记的附近存在一些与脂肪或脂肪酸相关的微效基因 ...

2012

3.251

0.0

. 2012, 30:1163-1179 DOI:10.1007/s11032-012-9704-0

Quantitative trait locus analysis of saturated fatty acids in a population of recombinant inbred lines of soybean

... 标记satt045在本文中检测到与亚油酸含量相关, 但是在前人的研究中却检测到与棕榈酸和脂肪含量相关^[40] ...

2006

1.668

0.0

... 标记sat_132、satt560和satt308在本文中都是与硬脂酸含量相关, 但是在前人的研究中却显示sat_132与棕榈酸含量相关^[41], satt308与蛋白质^[42]、水溶性蛋白^[43]和脂肪^[44]相关, 而satt560则与亚麻酸^[45]以及蛋白质^[46]相关 ...

2004

1.513

0.0

2013

3.658

0.0

. 2013, 126:425-433 DOI:10.1007/s00122-012-1990-8

Identification of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying water soluble protein content in soybean

1. Institute of Industrial Crops, Zhengzhou National Subcenter for Soybean Improvement/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture, P R China, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China 2. Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China 3. Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226541, China 4. Faculty of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China

Abstract Water soluble protein content (SPC) plays an important role in the functional efficacy of protein in food products. Therefore, for the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with SPC, 212 F 2:9 lines of the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross of ZDD09454 × Yudou12 were grown along with the parents, in six different environments (location × year) to determine inheritance and map solubility-related genes. A linkage map comprising of 301 SSR markers covering 3,576.81 cM was constructed in the RIL population. Seed SPC was quantified with a macro-Kjeldahl procedure in samples collected over multiple years from three locations (Nantong in 2007 and 2008, Zhengzhou in 2007 and 2008, and Xinxiang in 2008 and 2009). SPC demonstrated transgressive segregation, indicating a complementary genetic structure between the parents. Eleven putative QTL were associated with SPC explaining 4.5–18.2 % of the observed phenotypic variation across the 6 year/location environments. Among these, two QTL ( qsp8 - 4, qsp8 - 5 ) near GMENOD2B and Sat_215 showed an association with SPC in multiple environments, suggesting that they were key QTL related to protein solubility. The QTL × environment interaction demonstrated the complex genetic mechanism of SPC. These SPC-associated QTL and linked markers in soybean will provide important information that can be utilized by breeders to improve the functional quality of soybean varieties.

2003

1.04

0.0

2004

1.592

0.0

. 2004, 81:559-562 DOI:10.1007/s11746-006-0941-4

Molecular markers associated with linolenic acid content in soybean

1.Department of Plant Sciences, The University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., 37996-4561 Knoxville, TN

An altered FA profile with decreased linolenic (18∶3) acid in soybean germplasm was developed by crossing N97-3708-13, a soybean line with reduced 18∶3 ( Fan locus on linkage group B2, were identified as quantitative trait loci significantly associated with 18∶3 content ( P =0.001, R 2 =0.59, individually). The SSR markers identified in this study should be useful for implementation of marker-assisted selection for low-18∶3 genotypes in soybean breeding programs.

2007

0.0

. 2007, 1:1-7

A comparative study on segregation analysis and QTL mapping of quantitative traits in plants—with a case in soybean