小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL分析及其与品质性状的关系

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杨莉, 黄玉莲, 常萍, 阎俊, 张业伦, 夏先春, 田宇兵, 何中虎, 张勇. 小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL分析及其与品质性状的关系. 作物学报, 2014, 40(9): 1695-1701[YANG Li, HUANG Yu-Lian, CHANG Ping, YAN Jun, ZHANG Ye-Lun, XIA Xian-Chun, TIAN Yu-Bing, HE Zhong-Hu, ZHANG Yong. QTL Mapping for Arabinoxylans Content and Its Relationship with Processing Quality in Common Wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2014, 40(9): 1695-1701] 复制到剪切板

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小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL分析及其与品质性状的关系

杨莉¹, 黄玉莲², 常萍³, 阎俊⁴, 张业伦¹, 夏先春¹, 田宇兵¹, 何中虎^1,⁵, 张勇^1,^*

¹中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 国家小麦改良中心, 北京 100081

²河南省焦作市修武县植保植检站, 河南焦作454350

³河南省种子管理站, 河南郑州 450006

⁴中国农业科学院棉花研究所, 河南安阳 455000

⁵国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)中国办事处, 北京 100081

^*通讯作者(Corresponding author): 张勇, E-mail:zhangyong05@caas.cn, Tel: 010-82108745

收稿日期:2014-06-16

基金:本研究由中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金, 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2012AA10A308)和中国农业科学院创新工程项目资助;

摘要

阿拉伯木聚糖是小麦中最重要的非淀粉多糖, 对营养和加工品质有重要影响。采用IciMapping软件, 对PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体(F_2:6)的水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量进行QTL分析, 在1B、4B、5B、5D和6B染色体上定位5个控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL, 分别解释5.6%~18.7%的表型变异; 在1A、1B、5B、6B和7A染色体上定位5个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL, 分别解释4.3%~34.9%的表型变异。其中, 1B、5B和6B染色体上影响水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL位于同一标记区间。1BL/1RS易位对水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量有显著作用, 籽粒硬度对总阿拉伯木聚糖含量有显著作用。阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 特别是总阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 与快速黏度分析仪峰值黏度、稀澥值, 以及面条品质黏弹性、食味呈显著相关, 但相关系数受1BL/1RS易位和籽粒硬度影响。

关键词: 普通小麦; 阿拉伯木聚糖; QTL; 1BL/1RS易位; 品质性状

QTL Mapping for Arabinoxylans Content and Its Relationship with Processing Quality in Common Wheat

YANG Li¹, HUANG Yu-Lian², CHANG Ping³, YAN Jun⁴, ZHANG Ye-Lun¹, XIA Xian-Chun¹, TIAN Yu-Bing¹, HE Zhong-Hu^1,⁵, ZHANG Yong^1,^*

¹ Institute of Crop Science / National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China

² Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Jiaozuo 454350, China

³Henan Seed Administration Station, Zhengzhou 450006, China

⁴ Cotton Research Institute, CAAS, Anyang 455000, China

⁵ CIMMYT-China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing 100081, China

Fund:

Abstract

Arabinoxylans (AX) are the hydrophilic nonstarch polysaccharides in wheat grain, and they play a critical role in food processing and nutrition quality. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for water-extractable (WE-AX) and total AX (TOT-AX) contents were identified and mapped using 240 recombinant inbred lines (RILs, F_2:6) derived from the cross between PH82-2 and Neixiang 188. Besides, relationships between WE-AX and TOT-AX contents and protein content, Mixograph and Rapid Viscosity Analyzer (RVA) parameters were evaluated. Inclusive composite interval mapping identified five QTLs for TOT-AX content on chromosomes 1B, 4B, 5B, 5D, and 6B, which explained 5.6%-18.7% of the phenotypic variations. Five QTLs associated with WE-AX content were mapped on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 5B, 6B, and 7A, explaining 4.3%-34.9% of the phenotypic variation. QTLs for TOT-AX content on chromosomes 1B, 5B, and 6B shared identical marker intervals with those for WE-AX content. 1BL/1RS translocation affected both TOT-AX and WE-AX contents, whereas, grain hardness only affected WE-AX content. TOT-AX content had significant correlations with RVA parameters including peak viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity, setback, and Chinese White Salted Noodle quality traits (springness and flavor), but the correlation coefficients were influenced by 1BL/1RS translocation and the type of grain hardness.

Keyword: Common wheat; Arabinoxylans; QTL; 1BL/1RS translocation; Processing quality

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阿拉伯木聚糖(arabinoxylans, AX)是小麦胚乳细胞壁的主要成分, 其分子骨架由D-吡喃木糖残基通过β-1,4糖苷键连接而成, 侧链主要为α-L-阿拉伯呋喃糖残基。面粉中阿拉伯木聚糖含量虽然很少, 但对小麦的营养和加工品质有重要影响^{[ 1]}。作为膳食纤维的主要组成成分, 阿拉伯木聚糖具有降低胆固醇吸收、改善血糖代谢、调节免疫力等作用^{[ 2]}。阿拉伯木聚糖具有吸水和氧化交联特性, 溶于水后, 能形成高黏度的溶液, 对面团流变学和淀粉特性有重要作用^{[ 3]}。面粉中添加水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖, 可使吸水率、最大抗延阻力、和面仪峰值高度增加, 面团延展性下降^{[ 4, 5]}。水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖可增加面包体积、改善面包质地^{[ 6]}, 但水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖均对饼干直径和蛋糕体积产生负面影响^{[ 7, 8, 9]}。Bettge等^{[ 7]}研究表明, 水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚含量与蛋白质含量均呈显著正相关, 与籽粒硬度相关不显著。Li等^{[ 10]}认为, 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度仅在硬质春麦中呈显著负相关, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与蛋白质含量仅在硬质冬麦中呈显著负相关。因此, 有关阿拉伯木聚糖含量与蛋白质含量和籽粒硬度等品质性状的关系尚需进一步研究验证。

不同来源、不同类型及以不同方法测定的小麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量存在差异, 但总体来说, 阿拉伯木聚糖含量较低, 变异范围大。面粉中水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变异范围分别为0.30%~1.40%和1.35%~2.75%^{[ 11]}, 籽粒中水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量则分别在0.36%~0.83%和2.37%~8.30%之间^{[ 12, 13]}。基因型和环境对阿拉伯木聚糖含量的影响尚无定论, 但多数研究表明基因型和环境均对阿拉伯木聚糖含量有显著作用, 且基因型效应较大, 基因型和环境互作效应不显著或可以忽略^{[ 14, 15]}。Li等^{[ 10]}认为环境效应大于基因型效应, Dornez等^{[ 15]}则认为环境对总阿拉伯木聚糖含量没有显著作用。1A、1B、3A、3B、3D、4B、4D、5B、5D、6B、7A和7B染色体上均发现了水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL, 其中位于1B上的QTL位点与1BL/1RS易位有关, 位于5DS上的QTL位点与籽粒硬度有关^{[ 1, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]}。Quraishi等^{[ 19]}将控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL定位在1B、3A和7B染色体上; Nguyen等^{[ 20]}将控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL定位在1A、2A、3D、4D、6B和7A染色体上。

本试验选用PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体240个家系, 对水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量进行QTL定位, 并分析它们与籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量、和面仪和快速黏度分析仪参数等重要加工品质性状的关系, 为阿拉伯木聚糖含量在小麦品质改良中的应用提供信息。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料及试验设计

试验群体为PH82-2/内乡188 F_2:6重组自交系240个家系。PH82-2属于硬质麦, 不携带1BL/1RS易位染色体; 内乡188属于软质麦, 携带1BL/1RS易位染色体。

采用部分重复Latinized α-Lattice设计^{[ 21]}, 于2005—2006年度分别种植于山东泰安、河南安阳和焦作3个地点。从240个家系中随机选取60个家系, 3次重复, 用于估计基因型与地点互作效应; 另外180个家系均1次重复; 父母本各15次重复。共390个小区, 按13行30列排列。每个小区种植6行, 行长3 m, 行距20 cm, 面积4.2 m²。

收获后籽粒经自然晒干后, 低温贮藏, 含水量保持在12%以下。利用单籽粒谷物特性系统(Single Kernel Characterization System 4100, SKCS 4100, USA)测定籽粒硬度, 近红外分析仪(Foss 1241, Sweden)测定水分含量。按籽粒硬度和水分含量调整加水量, 用德国Brabender实验磨(Junior D-47055型)制粉, 出粉率约为50%。

1.2 测定指标及方法

1.2.1 阿拉伯木聚糖含量采用略改进的间苯三酚-醋酸法^{[ 22]}测定面粉中水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量。先制作木糖标准曲线。配制100 mg L^-1的D-(+)-木糖(Sigma公司, 编号X-1500)溶液, 分别吸取0、0.5、1.0、0.5和2.0 mL, 置12 mL旋塞试管(Pyrex公司, 编号9826-16)中, 加蒸馏水至总体积2 mL, 3次重复。试管中加入10 mL反应液(110 mL冰醋酸、2.3 mL浓盐酸、5 mL 10%间苯三酚-乙醇溶液、1 mL蒸馏水), 沸水中反应25 min, 取出后迅速冷却至室温, 分别测定552 nm和510 nm处吸光值, 以二者之差作为吸光度, 制作标准曲线。

准确称取125 mg面粉, 置50 mL离心管, 2次重复。加入25 mL蒸馏水, 涡旋振荡7 s; 用移液枪快速取出1 mL悬浮液, 置12 mL旋塞试管, 加入1 mL蒸馏水使总体积为2 mL, 2次重复。试管中加入10 mL反应液, 按上述方法制样并测定吸光值。计算总阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 换算成干重样品中的含量。

为提高水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖的吸光值, 降低分析误差, 准确称取250 mg面粉, 置50 mL离心管, 2次重复。加入25 mL蒸馏水, 室温下涡旋振荡30 min。2500× g转速下离心10 min, 吸取2 mL上清液置12 mL旋塞试管, 2次重复。试管中加入10 mL反应液, 按上述方法操作, 测定吸光值, 计算水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 并换算成干重样品中的含量。

为保证结果准确可靠, 每10个样品进行一次平行分析, 并加入一个标准实验室对照。

1.2.2 品质性状采用近红外分析仪(Foss 1241, Sweden)测定面粉蛋白质含量(14%湿基)。分别按照AACC44- 15A、56-60、54-40A和76-21方法测定面粉含水量、Zeleny沉降值、和面仪参数和淀粉糊化特性。参照Zhang等^{[ 23]}的方法制作面条及评价品质。

1.3 统计分析

将地点作为固定效应, 家系作为随机效应, 通过合适的空间分析模型对家系各性状进行分析, 采用最佳线性无偏预测值进行数据处理^{[ 21]}, 利用SAS (Statistical Analysis System) 9.0统计分析软件进行基本统计量、方差和相关分析。

1.4 QTL定位

采用Zhang等^{[ 24]}构建的遗传连锁图, 用IciMapping 3.2软件的完备区间作图法(ICIM)进行QTL分析, LOD阈值设为3.0。

2 结果与分析

2.1 阿拉伯木聚糖含量的遗传变异

PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体240个家系的水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的方差分析(数据未列出)表明, 基因型对水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的影响极显著( P< 0.001), 而地点和基因型×地点互作效应均不显著( P>0.05)。

PH82-2的水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量分别为0.48%和1.64%, 均高于内乡188。240个家系的水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的平均值分别为0.45%和1.60%, 且变异范围较大, 分别为0.36%~0.58%和1.24%~2.14% (表1)。各性状均呈现明显的超亲现象, 并符合正态分布, 说明水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量均由多基因控制。

表1 240个家系及亲本阿拉伯木聚糖含量的平均值、标准差和变异范围 Table 1 Mean, standard deviation, and range of AX contents in 240 RILs and their parents (%)

2.2 阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL定位

因地点、基因型×地点效应不显著, 故采用三地最佳线性无偏估计值进行QTL分析。1B、5B和6B染色体上影响水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL均位于同一标记区间(图1和表2)。

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	图1 完备区间作图法检测PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL的LOD曲线Fig. 1 Logarithm of odds (LOD) contours of QTL for AX contents obtained by inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) in the PH82-2/Neixing 188 RIL population

表2 完备区间作图法检测PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL Table 2 QTL for AX contents detected by inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) in PH82-2/Neixiang 188 RIL population

总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL位于1B、4B、5B、5D和6B染色体上, 分别解释表型变异的18.1%、5.6%、8.6%、18.7%和6.9%, 其中 QTOT-AX.caas-1B(与1RS特异性标记 SecI连锁)和 QTOT-AX.caas-4的正向效应来自1BL/1RS易位软质亲本内乡188, QTOT-AX.caas-5B、 QTOT- AX.caas-5D(与籽粒硬度基因位点 Ha连锁)和 QTOT-AX. caas-6B的正向效应来自非1BL/1RS易位硬质亲本PH82-2。

水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL位于1A、1B、5B、6B和7A染色体上, 分别解释4.3%、34.9%、12.3%、19.1%和14.0%的表型变异, 其中 QWE-AX.caas-1A、 QWE-AX. caas-5B和 QWE-AX.caas-6B的正向效应来自非1BL/1RS易位硬质亲本PH82-2, QWE-AX.caas-1B(与1RS特异性标记 SecI连锁)和 QWE-AX.caas-7A的正向效应来自1BL/1RS易位软质亲本内乡188。

2.3 阿拉伯木聚糖含量与主要品质性状的关系

基于QTL定位结果, 进一步按1BL/1RS易位和籽粒硬度类型, 将PH82-2/内乡188重组自交系群体家系分为4类。分析表明, 1BL/1RS易位硬质类型的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量最高, 其次为非1BL/1RS易位硬质和1BL/1RS易位软质类型, 而非1BL/1RS易位软质类型的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量最低; 1BL/1RS易位类型的水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量显著高于非1BL/1RS易位类型(表3), 说明阿拉伯木聚糖含量受1BL/1RS易位和籽粒硬度类型的显著影响。

表3 不同1BL/1RS易位系和硬度组合的阿拉伯木聚糖含量 Table 3 AX contents of certain combination of 1BL/1RS translocation and grain hardness (%)

相关分析中相关系数未达显著水平的性状不予列出。从表4可以看出, 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量与总阿拉伯木聚糖含量呈显著正相关, 相关系数介于0.62~0.72之间。在非1BL/1RS易位硬质小麦中, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与8 min带宽、水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量与峰值高度均呈显著正相关( r = 0.38)。在非1BL/1RS易位软质小麦中, 总阿拉

表4 阿拉伯木聚糖含量与和面仪和淀粉糊化特性参数及面条品质的相关分析 Table 4 Correlation coefficients of AX contents with mixograph, RVA, and noodle quality parameters

伯木聚糖含量与峰值黏度、最终黏度、反弹值和面条黏弹性呈显著正相关( r= 0.46, 0.50, 0.49, 0.50)。在1BL/1RS易位硬质小麦中, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与反弹值呈显著正相关( r= 0.44), 与稀懈值和面条食味呈显著负相关( r= -0.49, -0.41)。在1BL/1RS易位软质小麦中, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与反弹值呈显著正相关( r = 0.50); 水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与稀澥值均呈显著负相关( r= -0.54, -0.52)。水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度、蛋白质含量和其他和面仪及淀粉糊化特性参数等品质性状的相关均未达显著水平。

从以上分析可以看出, 阿拉伯木聚糖主要影响淀粉的糊化特性; 与水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖相比, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与快速黏度分析仪参数及面条品质的关系更为密切, 且其相关受1BL/1RS易位和籽粒硬度的影响。

3 讨论

本研究采用IciMapping软件, 共定位到5个总阿拉伯木聚糖含量相关QTL, 分布在1B、4B、5B、5D和6B染色体上, 5个水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量相关QTL分布在1A、1B、5B、6B和7A染色体上。Bordes等^{[ 16]}通过关联分析, 也在1B、5B、5D和7A染色体上发现了与水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量显著相关的QTL, 且1B染色体上的QTL与1BL/1RS易位有关, 5D染色体上的QTL与籽粒硬度基因 Ha连锁。但本研究发现, QTOT-AX.caas-5D并不影响水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 只对总阿拉伯木聚糖含量起作用。 QWEAX.caas-7A的标记区间为Xbarc108- Xbarc121, 与Bordes等^{[ 16]}和Groos等^{[ 18]}在7A染色体发现的QTL位置相近, 很可能为同一QTL^{[ 25]}。 QTOT-AX.caas- 6B被定位于6B染色体长臂, 在Xwmc494和Xbarc79之间, 与Nguyen等^{[ 20]}发现的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL位置相似^{[ 26]}。Quraishi等^{[ 19]}在4B染色体上定位了1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL, Saulnier等^{[ 1]}在1AS上检测到1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL。由于标记类型不同, 尚不能确定 QWEAX.caas-1A、 QWEAX.caas- 4B和 QWEAX.caas-5B是否就是上述QTL, 其相关性有待进一步确认。1B、4B、5B和5D染色体上控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量以及6B染色体上控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL在以往研究中未曾被检测到, 为新发现的QTL, 对相关基因的克隆及其在育种中的应用具有重要意义。

在本研究定位的QTL中, 有3个同时控制水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 分别位于1B、5B和6B染色体, 其余QTL分别控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖或总阿拉伯木聚糖含量, 说明水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量之间存在一定的相关性和独立性。这与水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量间的显著相关( r= 0.62~0.72)相一致^{[ 7, 11]}。

Zhang等^{[ 24]}利用本研究所用群体, 在 QTOT-AX.caas- 4B所在标记区间定位到一个控制反弹值的QTL, 在 QTOT-AX.caas-5B和 QTOT-AX.caas-6B所在标记区间定位到2个控制最终黏度的QTL, 且它们的正向效应亲本来源与本研究中所定位的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL相同, 这可能是总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与反弹值和最终黏度呈显著正相关的原因。淀粉糊化特性参数峰值黏度与中国面条评分呈高度正相关, 面粉的峰值黏度和稀澥值较高、反弹值和最终黏度较低, 有利于加工口感较好的日本白盐面条^{[ 27]}。本研究表明, 非1BL/1RS易位软质小麦中, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与峰值黏度、面条黏弹性呈显著正相关; 1BL/1RS易位硬质小麦中, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与反弹值呈显著正相关, 与稀澥值、面条食味呈显著负相关, 说明淀粉和面条品质与总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的关系受1BL/1RS易位和籽粒硬度类型的影响。所有4种类型小麦的阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度和蛋白质含量相关均不显著, 与前人研究结果^{[ 7, 15]}基本一致。本研究只考虑了阿拉伯木聚糖的含量, 没有对其分子量和分子结构等物理化学性质进行研究, 对阿拉伯木聚糖发挥作用的机制也不清楚。有研究表明, 中等到高分子量的水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖对面包体积有正向作用, 过度降解则导致面团发黏、面包质地和颜色变差^{[ 28]}。因此, 阿拉伯木聚糖与小麦加工品质的关系尚需进一步研究。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

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2007

0.0

... 面粉中阿拉伯木聚糖含量虽然很少, 但对小麦的营养和加工品质有重要影响^[1] ...

... 1A、1B、3A、3B、3D、4B、4D、5B、5D、6B、7A和7B染色体上均发现了水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL, 其中位于1B上的QTL位点与1BL/1RS易位有关, 位于5DS上的QTL位点与籽粒硬度有关^{[1,16,17,18,19,20]} ...

... Quraishi等^[19]在4B染色体上定位了1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL, Saulnier等^[1]在1AS上检测到1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL ...

2011

4.82

0.0

... 作为膳食纤维的主要组成成分, 阿拉伯木聚糖具有降低胆固醇吸收、改善血糖代谢、调节免疫力等作用^[2] ...

1995

3.479

0.0

. 1995, 28:null-null

Cereal arabinoxylans: advances in structure and physicochemical properties

... 阿拉伯木聚糖具有吸水和氧化交联特性, 溶于水后, 能形成高黏度的溶液, 对面团流变学和淀粉特性有重要作用^[3] ...

1972

1.251

0.0

... 面粉中添加水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖, 可使吸水率、最大抗延阻力、和面仪峰值高度增加, 面团延展性下降^[4,5] ...

1993

1.251

0.0

... 面粉中添加水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖, 可使吸水率、最大抗延阻力、和面仪峰值高度增加, 面团延展性下降^[4,5] ...

2002

2.088

0.0

. 2002, 35:225-243 DOI:10.1006/jcrs.2001.0433

Arabinoxylans and endoxylanases in wheat flour bread-making

Abstract For the past 50 years the function of arabinoxylans in bread-making has been the subject of much debate and controversy. In the last decade, these molecules have been put in the spotlight again inter alia because of the increasing use of endoxylanases in European wheat and rye flour bread-making processes. This renewed interest has led to considerable advances in the understanding of both arabinoxylan and endoxylanase functionalities in bread-making. We here present a survey of the relevant work. Knowledge of both the substrate (arabinoxylan) and the enzyme (endoxylanase), as well as of recently discovered endoxylanase inhibitors, is summarised. Facts on arabinoxylans and endoxylanases in wheat flour bread-making are presented and integrated in an up-to-date view on their functionality in bread-making.

... 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖可增加面包体积、改善面包质地^[6], 但水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖均对饼干直径和蛋糕体积产生负面影响^[7,8,9] ...

2000

1.251

0.0

... 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖可增加面包体积、改善面包质地^[6], 但水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖均对饼干直径和蛋糕体积产生负面影响^[7,8,9] ...

... Bettge等^[7]研究表明, 水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚含量与蛋白质含量均呈显著正相关, 与籽粒硬度相关不显著 ...

... 72)相一致^[7,11] ...

... 所有4种类型小麦的阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度和蛋白质含量相关均不显著, 与前人研究结果^[7,15]基本一致 ...

2005

0.0

1.889

. 2005, 38:1734-1738

Variation of pentosans in Chinese soft wheat cultivars and correlations with cookie quality

中国农业科学院作物科学研究所

High water absorbing capacity of pentosans is an important parameter to affect processing quality of common wheat. Seventeen genotypes of soft wheat were sown in three locations for two years to study the genetic variation of the water-soluble pentosans (WSP), water-insoluble pentosans (WIP), and total pentosans (TP), to investigate the effects of genotype, environment and their interaction on pentosans, and to determine the relationships between pentosans and other quality parameters. Significant difference in pentosans contents were observed in soft wheat genotypes, the range for WSP, WIP and TP were 0.54%-1.07%, 0.87%-1.43% and 1.51%-2.47%, respectively. They were mainly influenced by genotype and environment, and genotype was the most important factor determining WSP, and the effect of genotype and environment interaction was not significant. The WSP, WIP, and TP were positively correlated with Fairnograph water absorption, and the correlation coefficients were 0.51, 0.55 and 0.66, respectively. WSP was negatively correlated with peak viscosity, hold through, final viscosity, and peak time, and the correlation coefficients were -0.72, -0.72, -0.66 and -0.70, respectively. WSP and TP were negatively correlated with cookie width, the correlation coefficients were -0.70 and -0.69, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that low pentosans are preferred for soft wheat cultivars.

戊聚糖是影响小麦营养和加工品质的重要因素。将17份软质小麦品种进行了两年多点试验，分析了水溶性戊聚糖、非水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量的遗传变异和基因型、环境及其互作对其影响；同时研究了3种戊聚糖含量与其它品质性状的关系。结果表明，中国软质小麦品种3种戊聚糖含量均存在显著差异，水溶性戊聚糖、非水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量的变异范围分别为0.54%~1.07%、0.87%~1.43%和1.51%~2.47%。基因型和环境对3种戊聚糖含量的影响均达1%显著水平，且基因型是影响水溶性戊聚糖含量的主要因素；基因型和环境互作对其影响未达显著水平。3种戊聚糖含量与粉质仪吸水率呈5%显著正相关，r值分别为0.51、0.55和0.66；水溶性戊聚糖含量与峰值粘度、低谷粘度、最终粘度和峰值时间之间的相关均达1%显著水平，r值分别为-0.72、-0.72、-0.66和-0.70；水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量与饼干直径的相关皆达1%的显著水平，相关系数分别为-0.70和-0.69。因此，在软质小麦育种中应注意选择戊聚糖含量较低的品种。

... 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖可增加面包体积、改善面包质地^[6], 但水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖均对饼干直径和蛋糕体积产生负面影响^[7,8,9] ...

1991

1.251

0.0

... 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖可增加面包体积、改善面包质地^[6], 但水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖均对饼干直径和蛋糕体积产生负面影响^[7,8,9] ...

2009

1.251

0.0

... Li等^[10]认为, 水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度仅在硬质春麦中呈显著负相关, 总阿拉伯木聚糖含量与蛋白质含量仅在硬质冬麦中呈显著负相关 ...

... Li等^[10]认为环境效应大于基因型效应, Dornez等^[15]则认为环境对总阿拉伯木聚糖含量没有显著作用 ...

2008

2.906

0.0

J. Agric. Food Chem.. 2008, 56(21):9740–9749-null

Variation in the Content of Dietary Fiber and Components Thereof in Wheats in the HEALTHGRAIN Diversity Screen

Kurt Gebruers * † , Emmie Dornez † , Danuta Boros § , Anna Fraś § , Wioletta Dynkowska § , Zoltan Bedő # , Mariann Rakszegi # , Jan A. Delcour † and Christophe M. Courtin †

Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box 2463, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Plant Materials, Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization, PL-057870 Radzikow, Poland; and Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary * Corresponding author [telephone +32 (0) 16 32 16 34 ; fax +32 (0) 16 32 19 97 ; e-mail kurt.gebruers@biw.kuleuven.be ].,† Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. ,§ Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization. ,# Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

Within the HEALTHGRAIN diversity screening program, the variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in different types of wheat was studied. The wheat types were winter (131 varieties) and spring (20 varieties) wheats (both Triticum aestivum L., also referred to as common wheats), durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf., 10 varieties), spelt wheat ( Triticum spelta L., 5 varieties), einkorn wheat ( T. monococcum L., 5 varieties), and emmer wheat ( Triticum dicoccum Schübler, 5 varieties). Common wheats contained, on average, the highest level of dietary fiber [11.5−18.3% of dry matter (dm)], whereas einkorn and emmer wheats contained the lowest level (7.2−12.8% of dm). Intermediate levels were measured in durum and spelt wheats (10.7−15.5% of dm). Also, on the basis of the arabinoxylan levels in bran, the different wheat types could be divided this way, with ranges of 12.7−22.1% of dm for common wheats, 6.1−14.4% of dm for einkorn and emmer wheats, and 10.9−13.9% of dm for durum and spelt wheats. On average, bran arabinoxylan made up ca. 29% of the total dietary fiber content of wheat. In contrast to what was the case for bran, the arabinoxylan levels in flour were comparable between the different types of wheat. For wheat, in general, they varied between 1.35 and 2.75% of dm. Einkorn, emmer, and durum wheats contained about half the level of mixed-linkage β-glucan (0.25−0.45% of dm) present in winter, spring, and spelt wheats (0.50−0.95% of dm). All wheat types had Klason lignin, the levels of which varied from 1.40 to 3.25% of dm. The arabinoxylan contents in bran and the dietary fiber contents in wholemeal were inversely and positively related with bran yield, respectively. Aqueous wholemeal extract viscosity, a measure for the level of soluble dietary fiber, was determined to large extent by the level of water-extractable arabinoxylan. In conclusion, the present study revealed substantial variation in the contents of dietary fiber and constituents thereof between different wheat types and varieties.

... 75% ^[11], 籽粒中水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量则分别在0 ...

... 72)相一致^[7,11] ...

2011

1.759

0.0

. 2011, 91(7):1298-1303

A survey of β-glucan and arabinoxylan content in wheat

Jenifer R Pritchard 1,2 ,Gregory J Lawrence 1,2 ,Oscar Larroque 1,2 ,Zhongyi Li 1,2 ,Hunter KC Laidlaw 1,2 ,Matthew K Morell 1,2 andSadequr Rahman 1,2,*

1 CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship, GPO Box 93, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia 2 CSIRO Plant Industry, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia * CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship, GPO Box 93, North Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia.

> BACKGROUND: Dietary fibre lowers the risk of coronary heart disease and colorectal cancer. This survey quantifies mixed link β-glucan (MBG) and arabinoxylan (AX) in wheat and investigates relationships between the grain carbohydrates. MBG and AX contents were measured in 500 and 200 wheat accessions respectively, including diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid genotypes comprising primitive, synthetic and elite lines.

... 30%之间^[12,13] ...

1995

2.088

0.0

. 1995, 22:null-null

Variability in grain extract viscosity and water-soluble arabinoxylan content in wheat

... 30%之间^[12,13] ...

2006

1.251

0.0

... 基因型和环境对阿拉伯木聚糖含量的影响尚无定论, 但多数研究表明基因型和环境均对阿拉伯木聚糖含量有显著作用, 且基因型效应较大, 基因型和环境互作效应不显著或可以忽略^[14,15] ...

2008

2.088

0.0

. 2008, 47:180-189 DOI:10.1016/j.jcs.2007.03.008

Effects of genotype, harvest year and genotype-by-harvest year interactions on arabinoxylan, endoxylanase activity and endoxylanase inhibitor levels in wheat kernels

Abstract The effects of genotype, harvest year and their interaction on the levels of arabinoxylans (AX), endoxylanases and endoxylanase inhibitors in wheat were studied using 14 varieties grown in three successive growing periods with diverse climatological conditions. Relations with more commonly evaluated wheat characteristics such as yield, thousand kernel weight, specific weight, protein level, Hagberg falling number (HFN) and α -amylase activity level were examined. Water extractable arabinoxylan (WE-AX) levels in wheat varied much more than total arabinoxylan (TOT-AX) levels. This variability was mainly genetically determined, but harvest year also had an important effect. Total endoxylanase activity levels varied more than a factor of 20 between the different wheat samples. Endogenous endoxylanases typically accounted for only 10–15% of this activity, while wheat-associated microbial endoxylanases accounted for the remaining 85–90%. However, when preharvest sprouting occurred, the contribution of endogenous endoxylanases could sometimes amount to over 40% of this total activity. Endogenous endoxylanase activity levels were mainly determined by the interaction of genotype and harvest year, while wheat-associated microbial endoxylanase activity levels were predominantly determined by genotype alone. Endogenous and microbial endoxylanase activity levels were strongly correlated, suggesting that wheat varieties which are susceptible to preharvest sprouting are often also susceptible to microbial contamination. The TAXI and XIP-type endoxylanase inhibitor levels varied by a factor of 8 and 1.8, respectively. They were mainly determined by genotype and were rather similar in the different growing periods.

... Li等^[10]认为环境效应大于基因型效应, Dornez等^[15]则认为环境对总阿拉伯木聚糖含量没有显著作用 ...

... 所有4种类型小麦的阿拉伯木聚糖含量与籽粒硬度和蛋白质含量相关均不显著, 与前人研究结果^[7,15]基本一致 ...

2011

2.088

0.0

. 2011, 54:137-147 DOI:10.1016/j.jcs.2011.03.004

Use of a global wheat core collection for association analysis of flour and dough quality traits

Abstract Flour and dough quality are very important breeding traits for wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) the selection of which would benefit from linked molecular markers. Association analysis allows the identification of genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to target traits. The effectiveness of this approach depends on the availability of a densely genotyped population with large genetic variability for the traits of interest. Our objective was to identify chromosomal regions associated with flour and dough quality traits using a core collection built by maximizing the genetic diversity and phenotypic variability. We investigated the association of DArT, SSR and SNP markers with grain protein content, grain hardness, water-extractable arabinoxylan (WEAX) viscosity, wholemeal flour color and dough rheology. Out of 803 markers tested, 130 markers spread over the genome were associated with at least one trait, varying from 20 associated with WEAX viscosity to 60 associated with dough quality. Most chromosome regions known to determine wheat quality from the study of several bi-parental recombinant inbred lines were confirmed here and some new regions were identified. Associations were found for each trait studied, demonstrating that the core collection is a useful tool for QTL association mapping of these and other traits of interest. Highlights ? We investigated a global population to study genetic determinism of wheat quality. ? We searched molecular markers genetically associated with flour and dough traits. ? We mapped numerous regions involved in quality, some already known and some new. ? We demonstrated that this population is a useful tool for QTL association mapping.

... Bordes等^[16]通过关联分析, 也在1B、5B、5D和7A染色体上发现了与水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量显著相关的QTL, 且1B染色体上的QTL与1BL/1RS易位有关, 5D染色体上的QTL与籽粒硬度基因Ha连锁 ...

... caas-7A的标记区间为Xbarc108- Xbarc121, 与Bordes等^[16]和Groos等^[18]在7A染色体发现的QTL位置相近, 很可能为同一QTL ^[25] ...

2009

1.643

0.0

. 2009, 170:155-168 DOI:10.1007/s10681-009-0019-0

Genetics of dietary fibre in bread wheat

1.INRA-University B Pascal UMR1095 GDEC 234 av du Brézet 63100 Clermont-Ferrand France 2.INRA-University B Pascal INRA 1095 GDEC 234 av du Brézet 63100 Clermont-Ferrand France 3.INRA UMR BIA La Géraudière BP71627 44316 Nantes cedex 3 France 4.Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Martonvásár Hungary

Arabinoxylans (AX) are major components of cell walls in wheat endosperm. The water-extractable part, WEAX, is considered as dietary fibres with health promoting effects. AX exhibit large natural variations in their amount but few studies have been carried out on the genetics of WEAX content and structure in bread wheat. We first carried out a “forward” quantitative genetic approach, using two recombinant populations derived from crosses between WEAX-high and WEAX-low parents and the viscosity of flour extract (WEAX-viscosity) as a predictor of WEAX content. This allowed us to identify two QTL regions, one of them, found on chromosome 6B in both populations, having a major effect with as much as 59% of the phenotypic variation explained by a single QTL. Then, we focused on key enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of arabinoxylans. Out of 34 homoeologous candidate genes studied by sequencing a set of 46 lines, representing a worldwide diversity179 show no polymorphism. In the 16 polymorphic candidate genes, 80 SNP (in 15 genes) and 16 indels (in 4 genes) were detected. Then 27 SNP (in 13 genes) were genotyped in a larger collection of 156 lines (Healthgrain diversity screen). Eight associations were significant at an indicative 5% threshold, but only one, between COMT (Caffeic acid O methyltransferase) on chromosome 7A and A/X in WEAX was significant at a 1% level. The usefulness of these approaches and preliminary results for breeding is discussed.

2007

3.658

0.0

. 2007, 115:313-323 DOI:10.1007/s00122-007-0563-8

Genetic analysis of bread-making quality scores in bread wheat using a recombinant inbred line population

1.UMR1095/Amélioration et Santé des Plantes, INRA, 234 avenue du Brezet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France 2.UMR1095, Univ Blaise-Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France 3.ULICE, ZAC “Les portes de Riom”, BP 173, 63204 Riom, France 4.Research Center, Kronenbourg Breweries, 68 route d’Oberhausbergen, 67037 Strasbourg cedex, France

Bread-making quality has been evaluated in a progeny of 194 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross between the two French cultivars Récital and Renan, cultivated in three environments. These cultivars have been previously identified as having contrasting grain protein content and dough rheology properties, although they achieve similar scores for the official bread-making test used for cultivar registration in France. However the progeny displayed a wide range of variations, suggesting that favourable alleles at several loci are present in the two parental lines. Correlation analyses revealed that bread-making scores are poorly correlated among environments, as they are poorly predicted by multiple regression on dough rheology parameters and flour-protein content. However, loaf volume was the most heritable and predictable trait. A total of seven QTLs were found for bread scores, each explaining 5.9–14.6% of trait variation and six for the loaf volume (10.7–17.2%). Most bread-making QTLs, and particularly those detected in all environments, co-located with QTLs for dough rheology, protein content or flour viscosity due to soluble pentosans (Fincher and Stone 1986 ; Anderson et al. in J Cereal Sci 19:77–82, 1994 ). Some QTL regions such as those on chromosome 3A and chromosome 7A, which display stable QTLs for bread-making scores and loaf volume, were not previously known to host obvious genes for grain quality.

... caas-7A的标记区间为Xbarc108- Xbarc121, 与Bordes等^[16]和Groos等^[18]在7A染色体发现的QTL位置相近, 很可能为同一QTL ^[25] ...

2011

3.292

0.0

. 2011, 11:71-83 DOI:10.1007/s10142-010-0183-2

Combined meta-genomics analyses unravel candidate genes for the grain dietary fiber content in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

1.INRA-University Blaise Pascal, UMR1095 Génétique, Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales, 234 Avenue du Brézet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France 2.National Centre for Plant and Microbial Metabolomics, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK 3.Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization, PL-057870 Radzikow, Poland 4.Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Box?2463, 3001 Leuven, Belgium 5.Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box?19, 2462 Martonvasar, Hungary 6.INRA UR1268 Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, Rue de la Géraudière, 44316 Nantes, France 7.INRA-Unité de Recherches en Génomique Végétale, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, CP 5708, 91057 Evry Cedex, France 8.Centre for Crop Genetic Improvement, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK

Grain dietary fiber content in wheat not only affects its end use and technological properties including milling, baking and animal feed but is also of great importance for health benefits. In this study, integration of association genetics (seven detected loci on chromosomes 1B, 3A, 3D, 5B, 6B, 7A, 7B) and meta-QTL (three consensus QTL on chromosomes 1B, 3D and 6B) analyses allowed the identification of seven chromosomal regions underlying grain dietary fiber content in bread wheat. Based either on a diversity panel or on bi-parental populations, we clearly demonstrate that this trait is mainly driven by a major locus located on chromosome 1B associated with a log of p value >13 and a LOD score >8, respectively. In parallel, we identified 73 genes differentially expressed during the grain development and between genotypes with contrasting grain fiber contents. Integration of quantitative genetics and transcriptomic data allowed us to propose a short list of candidate genes that are conserved in the rice, sorghum and Brachypodium chromosome regions orthologous to the seven wheat grain fiber content QTL and that can be considered as major candidate genes for future improvement of the grain dietary fiber content in bread wheat breeding programs.

... Quraishi等^[19]将控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL定位在1B、3A和7B染色体上 ...

... Quraishi等^[19]在4B染色体上定位了1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL, Saulnier等^[1]在1AS上检测到1个控制水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL ...

2011

1.513

0.0

... Nguyen等^[20]将控制总阿拉伯木聚糖含量的QTL定位在1A、2A、3D、4D、6B和7A染色体上 ...

... caas- 6B被定位于6B染色体长臂, 在Xwmc494和Xbarc79之间, 与Nguyen等^[20]发现的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL位置相似^[26] ...

1997

0.0

... -Lattice设计^[21], 于2005—2006年度分别种植于山东泰安、河南安阳和焦作3个地点 ...

... 3 统计分析将地点作为固定效应, 家系作为随机效应, 通过合适的空间分析模型对家系各性状进行分析, 采用最佳线性无偏预测值进行数据处理^[21], 利用SAS (Statistical Analysis System) 9 ...

2012

1.251

0.0

... 1 阿拉伯木聚糖含量采用略改进的间苯三酚-醋酸法^[22]测定面粉中水溶性和总阿拉伯木聚糖含量 ...

2005

1.251

0.0

... 参照Zhang等^[23]的方法制作面条及评价品质 ...

2009

1.133

0.0

... 4 QTL定位采用Zhang等^[24]构建的遗传连锁图, 用IciMapping 3 ...

... Zhang等^[24]利用本研究所用群体, 在QTOT-AX ...

2004

3.658

0.0

. 2004, 109:1105-1114 DOI:10.1007/s00122-004-1740-7

A high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

1.Cereal Research Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 195 Dafoe Rd. Winnipeg MB Canada R3T 2?M9 2.Norwich Research Park IDnagenetics, Hill House Colney Lane Norwich NR4-7UH UK 3.University of Bristol School of Biological Sciences Woodland Rd. Bristol BS8-1UG UK

A microsatellite consensus map was constructed by joining four independent genetic maps of bread wheat. Three of the maps were F 1 -derived, doubled-haploid line populations and the fourth population was Synthetic × Opata , an F 6 -derived, recombinant-inbred line population. Microsatellite markers from different research groups including the Wheat Microsatellite Consortium, GWM, GDM, CFA, CFD, and BARC were used in the mapping. A sufficient number of common loci between genetic maps, ranging from 52 to 232 loci, were mapped on different populations to facilitate joining the maps. Four genetic maps were developed using MapMaker V3.0 and JoinMap V3.0. The software CMap, a comparative map viewer, was used to align the four maps and identify potential errors based on consensus. JoinMap V3.0 was used to calculate marker order and recombination distances based on the consensus of the four maps. A total of 1,235 microsatellite loci were mapped, covering 2,569 cM, giving an average interval distance of 2.2 cM. This consensus map represents the highest-density public microsatellite map of wheat and is accompanied by an allele database showing the parent allele sizes for every marker mapped. This enables users to predict allele sizes in new breeding populations and develop molecular breeding and genomics strategies.

... caas-7A的标记区间为Xbarc108- Xbarc121, 与Bordes等^[16]和Groos等^[18]在7A染色体发现的QTL位置相近, 很可能为同一QTL ^[25] ...

2012

3.658

0.0

Theor Appl Genet. 2012, 125(8):1619-1638

A high-density consensus map of A and B wheat genomes

Daniela Marone (1) , Giovanni Laidò (1) , Agata Gadaleta (2) , Pasqualina Colasuonno (2) , Donatella B. M. Ficco (1) , Angelica Giancaspro (2) , Stefania Giove (2) , Giosué Panio (1) , Maria A. Russo (1) , Pasquale De Vita (1) , Luigi Cattivelli (1) (3) , Roberto Papa (1) , Antonio Blanco (2) , Anna M. Mastrangelo (1)

1. CRA-Cereal Research Centre, SS16 km 675, 71122, Foggia, Italy 2. Department of Agro-Forestry and Environmental Biology and Chemistry, University of Bari, Via Amendola, 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy 3. CRA-Genomics Research Centre, Via S. Protaso 302, 29017, Fiorenzuola d’Arda, PC, Italy

A durum wheat consensus linkage map was developed by combining segregation data from six mapping populations. All of the crosses were derived from durum wheat cultivars, except for one accession of T. ssp. dicoccoides . The consensus map was composed of 1,898 loci arranged into 27 linkage groups covering all 14 chromosomes. The length of the integrated map and the average marker distance were 3,058.6 and 1.6 cM, respectively. The order of the loci was generally in agreement with respect to the individual maps and with previously published maps. When the consensus map was aligned to the deletion bin map, 493 markers were assigned to specific bins. Segregation distortion was found across many durum wheat chromosomes, with a higher frequency for the B genome. This high-density consensus map allowed the scanning of the genome for chromosomal rearrangements occurring during the wheat evolution. Translocations and inversions that were already known in literature were confirmed, and new putative rearrangements are proposed. The consensus map herein described provides a more complete coverage of the durum wheat genome compared with previously developed maps. It also represents a step forward in durum wheat genomics and an essential tool for further research and studies on evolution of the wheat genome.

... caas- 6B被定位于6B染色体长臂, 在Xwmc494和Xbarc79之间, 与Nguyen等^[20]发现的总阿拉伯木聚糖含量QTL位置相似^[26] ...

1993

2.088

0.0

. 1993, 17:null-null

The rapid viscoanalyser as a method of testing for noodle quality in a wheat breeding programme

... 淀粉糊化特性参数峰值黏度与中国面条评分呈高度正相关, 面粉的峰值黏度和稀澥值较高、反弹值和最终黏度较低, 有利于加工口感较好的日本白盐面条^[27] ...

2001

1.251

0.0

... 有研究表明, 中等到高分子量的水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖对面包体积有正向作用, 过度降解则导致面团发黏、面包质地和颜色变差^[28] ...