油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的种子胚和母体植株QTL定位与分析

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温娟, 许剑锋, 龙艳, 徐海明, 孟金陵, 吴建国, 石春海. 油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的种子胚和母体植株QTL定位与分析. 41(1): 57-65
WEN Juan, XU Jian-Feng, LONG Yan, XU Hai-Ming, MENG Jin-Ling, WU Jian-Guo, SHI Chun-Hai. QTL Mapping and Analysis Based on Embryo and Maternal Genetic Systems for Semi-Essential Amino Acid Contents in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) . Acta Agronomica Sinica, 41(1): 57-65 复制到剪切板

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作物学报编辑部

油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的种子胚和母体植株QTL定位与分析

温娟¹, 许剑锋¹, 龙艳², 徐海明¹, 孟金陵², 吴建国^3,^*, 石春海^1,^*

¹ 浙江大学农业与生物技术学院, 浙江杭州 310058

² 华中农业大学植物科学技术学院, 湖北武汉 430070

³ 浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院, 浙江临安 311300

^* 通讯作者(Corresponding authors): 石春海, E-mail:chhshi@zju.edu.cn, Tel: 0571-88982691; 吴建国, E-mail:jianguowu@zafu.edu.cn, Tel: 0571-63742133

第一作者联系方式: E-mail:wenjzjus@163.com

收稿日期:2014-09-16

基金:本研究由浙江省作物种质资源重点实验室项目, 教育部高等学校骨干教师资助计划项目(20000052)和浙江省“151人才工程”第一层次培养项目资助

摘要

菜籽饼是重要的饲料蛋白质来源, 氨基酸组成与饲料营养品质有着密切关系, 其中丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸为多数动物的半必需氨基酸。本研究利用甘蓝型油菜双单倍体(DH)群体分别与双亲Tapidor和Ningyou 7回交构建的2套BC₁F₁群体, 采用新创建的双子叶作物种子品质性状遗传体系QTL定位软件和作图方法, 对油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量进行了种子胚和母体植株2套遗传体系的QTL定位分析。结果表明, 在A1、A4、A7、A8、A9、C2、C3和C9染色体上检测到5个丝氨酸含量QTL、2个胱氨酸含量QTL和5个酪氨酸含量QTL, 分别解释59.34%、29.66%和59.26%的表型变异。其中5个QTL属于主效QTL, 均能解释10%以上的表型变异。全部QTL均具极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 其中3个QTL具显著或极显著的环境互作效应。在A4染色体上发现1个QTL簇, 该区域存在3个控制丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的QTL。一些重要QTL以及与之紧密连锁的分子标记在今后图位克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种中具有重要的利用价值。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜; 半必需氨基酸; QTL定位; 胚; 母体植株; 遗传主效应; 环境互作效应

QTL Mapping and Analysis Based on Embryo and Maternal Genetic Systems for Semi-Essential Amino Acid Contents in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.)

WEN Juan¹, XU Jian-Feng¹, LONG Yan², XU Hai-Ming¹, MENG Jin-Ling², WU Jian-Guo^3,^*, SHI Chun-Hai^1,^*

¹ College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

² College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

³ College of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an 311300, China

Abstract

Rapeseed meal is an important feed protein source, and the amino acid composition has a close relationship with the processing quality of feed, of which serine, cystine and tyrosine are the semi-essential amino acids for most animals. By using newly developed two-genetic-system QTL mapping software and method for analyzing seed quality traits of dicotyledonous plants, two backcross populations from a set of doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from an elite hybrid cross between Tapidor and Ningyou 7 were used to detect the QTLs simultaneously located in the amphidiploid embryo and maternal plant nuclear genomes for the semi-essential amino acid contents of rapeseed across environments. The results showed that five QTLs for serine content, two QTLs for cystine content and five QTLs for tyrosine content were identified, which were subsequently mapped on chromosomes A1, A4, A7, A8, A9, C2, C3, or C9 and could respectively explain 59.34%, 29.66%, and 59.26% of phenotypic variation in total. Five QTLs were major effect QTLs which could explain more than 10% of phenotypic variation for each. All of these QTLs had both notable embryo and maternal additive main effects, among which three QTLs were also found to have significant QE interaction effects. One QTL cluster on chromosome A4 was discovered to contain three QTLs related to serine, cystine and tyrosine contents. Some important QTLs and the tightly linked markers will have an important application value in the later map-based cloning and marker-assisted selection.

Keyword: Brassica napus L.; Semi-essential acid; QTL mapping; Embryo; Maternal plant; Genetic main effect; QTL#cod#x000D7;environment (QE) interaction effect

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甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)是我国种植面积最广的油菜类型, 其油菜籽饼粕中含有35%~45%的粗蛋白, 属于优质蛋白资源。氨基酸作为构成蛋白质分子的基本单位, 对生命活动起着重要的作用。其中, 丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸通常被认为是大多数动物的半必需氨基酸, 影响着其机体的正常生理功能。在油菜品质育种中, 提高油菜籽中这3种半必需氨基酸的含量有利于平衡氨基酸的组成, 增加油菜籽的营养价值。作物种子的许多重要品质性状都属于数量性状, 具有复杂的遗传表现。研究已发现种子中氨基酸含量主要表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 而且还会受到环境条件的影响^{[1, 2, 3, 4]}。多种QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位方法和定位模型^{[5, 6, 7]}可为定位控制复杂数量性状遗传的QTL提供有效工具。至今, 已有一些关于水稻^[8]、大豆^[9]、小麦^[10]、棉花^[11]和油菜^[12]等作物氨基酸含量的QTL定位信息, 但在油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量方面的QTL定位尚未见报道。目前已有研究表明, 油菜籽品质性状的表现会同时受到种子胚核基因组和母体植株核基因组等不同遗传体系基因主效应和环境互作效应的影响^{[12, 13, 14, 15]}。基于混合线性模型方法, Yang等^[16]提出了可以用于各种试验群体的全QTL模型和定位策略, 将复杂性状的多基因遗传体系剖解为QTL主效应及其与环境因子的互作效应, 并开发出相应的计算机软件(QTLNetwork), 使同时确定位于种子胚和母体植株2套遗传体系染色体上的QTL成为可能, 并已成功应用于水稻、棉花和油菜等作物品质性状的2套遗传体系QTL定位^{[8, 11, 12, 17, 18]}, 但是, 目前尚未见到有关油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量2套遗传体系QTL定位的报道。

本研究拟利用包括环境互作效应在内的多遗传体系QTL作图方法和相应的定位软件, 对油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量进行种子胚和母体植株2套遗传体系的QTL的同时定位, 旨在明确不同环境条件下控制这3种半必需氨基酸含量表现的QTL在2套遗传体系基因组上的分布差异及其相应的遗传效应, 为今后进行分子标记辅助选择和主效基因的克隆提供一定的科学依据。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料

202个双单倍体(doubled haploid, DH)群体(TN DH)由华中农业大学构建^[19]。该群体衍生于Tapidor × Ningyou 7, 其父本Ningyou 7 (宁油7号)为中国半冬性油菜品种, 母本Tapidor为欧洲冬油菜品种。

1.2 田间试验

分别于2011年和2012年10月初, 将202个DH群体株系和双亲材料播种于浙江大学实验农场, 40 d后移栽。随机区组设计, 2次重复。各小区行株数为4× 8, 行株距为25 cm× 25 cm。开花时, 利用DH群体作为母本分别与亲本Tapidor (P₁)和Ningyou 7 (P₂)进行双向回交获得BC₁F₁ 1和BC₁F₁ 2群体, 由于天气、杂交和田间管理等原因, 本试验在2012年春均获得了191份双向回交BC₁F₁种子, 2013年春分别获得了177份BC₁F₁1和181份BC₁F₁ 2杂交种子。根据定位软件的要求, 采用2年都有双向回交种子的177份BC₁F₁1和181份BC₁F₁ 2作为QTL定位群体。成熟时收获双亲和回交种子用于测定油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量。

1.3 性状测定及数据分析

对每个样品分别取约3 g完整的籽粒, 置内径为3.6 cm的圆形杯中, 利用FOSS-5000型近红外光谱分析仪(FOSS NIRSystems, 丹麦)扫描收集光谱, 波长范围为1100~2498 nm。各样品重复扫描2次后取平均值, 转化为lg (l/R)。采用Chen等^[20]确定的定标方法和定标方程分析样品光谱, 获得油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量数据。用SAS 9.1 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA)软件对各性状数据进行描述性统计分析和相关分析, 获得平均值、标准差、最大(小)值、偏度、峰度以及性状间的相关系数。

1.4 连锁图谱及QTL定位

所用遗传图谱由华中农业大学Shi等^[21]构建, 该定位图谱含有19个遗传连锁群(A1~A10, C1~C9), 共有786个分子标记(RFLPs、AFLP、Ms-AFLP、SSRs、STS、SNP、SSCP和CAPS), 覆盖基因组大小为2117.2 cM, 标记间平均距离为2.7 cM。利用新发展的双子叶作物种子品质性状多遗传体系QTL定位软件包QTLNetwork-CL-2.0-Seed ^[16], 以LOD值大于等于3.0作为QTL存在的阈值, 步长为1 cM进行染色体连锁群扫描, 对2个不同环境下收获的油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量同时进行胚和母体植株两套核基因组的QTL定位, 并分析包括胚加性效应、胚显性效应和母体加性效应在内的QTL主效应以及QTL× 环境(QE)互作效应。QTL命名原则遵循McCouch等^[22]提出的命名方法。

2 结果与分析

2.1 油菜籽半必需氨基酸的表型分析

表1表明, 除2013年双亲的胱氨酸含量差异未达显著水平外, 2年试验中Tapidor亲本的3种氨基酸含量均显著或极显著高于Ningyou 7。在回交群体中, 2012年2个BC₁F₁群体的丝氨酸含量和2013年2个回交群体的3种氨基酸含量均低于双亲, 而2012年2个回交群体的胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量则居双亲之间。2个BC₁F₁群体中3种半必需氨基酸含量在不同环境的表型分布图中均呈现单峰连续变异, 其偏度和峰度绝对值均小于1, 符合正态分布, 说明这些性状为多基因控制的数量性状。此外, 回交后代还表现出单向或双向的超亲分离, 同一性状在不同环境条件下的表现也有所不同, 说明油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的表现会在一定程度上受到环境因素的影响。

表 1 2012年和2013年亲本和回交群体油菜籽的半必需氨基酸含量 Table 1 Semi-essential amino acid contents of parents and the backeross populations of rapeseed DHs in 2012 and 2013

2.2 性状间的相关分析

油菜籽丝氨酸与胱氨酸(r = 0.718^{* *})、丝氨酸与酪氨酸(r = 0.892^{* *})以及胱氨酸与酪氨酸含量(r = 0.907^{* *})之间的正相关已达到极显著水平, 且相关系数均较大, 说明这些半必需氨基酸的含量之间存在着明显的相关性。在油菜籽品质育种中, 能够同时改良这3种重要的半必需氨基酸含量。

2.3 QTL定位分析

共检测到12个控制油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸或酪氨酸含量表现的QTL (表2)。这些QTL均具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 其中qCysC-4-1、qCysC-8-2和qTyrC-12-3具有明显的QTL环境互作效应, qSerC-9-4、qSerC-12-5、qCysC-4-1、qTyrC-13-4和qTyrC-19-5是控制相关性状表现的主效QTL, 均可解释10%以上的表型变异^[23]。

表2 油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的QTL定位和遗传效应值 Table 2 QTL positions and genetic effects for serine, cystine and tyrosine contents of rapeseed

2.3.1 丝氨酸含量 5个控制油菜籽丝氨酸含量的QTL分别被定位于A1、A4、A7、A9和C2连锁群(表2和图1), 共解释59.34%的表型变异。其中, 位于A9连锁群pW123aH~pW123bE区间的qSerC-9-4和位于C2连锁群em18me6-220~Na12C03区间的qSerC-12-5为主效QTL, 分别解释20.21%和37.22%的表型变异; 而qSerC-1-1 (R²=1.22%)、qSerC-4-2 (R²=0.20%)和qSerC-7-3 (R²=0.49%)则是控制丝氨酸含量表现的微效QTL。在QTL效应的表达上, 所有的QTL均具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 说明种子胚和母体植株核基因组上的QTL表达对丝氨酸含量的表现均具有重要作用。其中qSerC-1-1、qSerC-7-3和qSerC-9-4具有起增效作用的正向极显著胚加性主效应和起减效作用的负向极显著母体加性主效应; 而qSerC-12-5具有起减效作用的负向胚加性主效应和起增效作用的正向母体加性主效应; qSerC-4-2负向的极显著胚和母体加性主效应都对丝氨酸含量起减效作用。未发现达到显著水平的胚显性主效应以及环境互作效应, 说明胚显性主效应对丝氨酸含量的表现作用不大, 且环境条件的变化对QTL表达的影响也较小。

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	图1 油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的QTL在染色体上的位置及其遗传效应Fig. 1 Positions (cM) and the genetic effects of QTLs for serine, cystine, and tyrosine contents in the chromosomes of rapeseed

2.3.2 胱氨酸含量在A4和A8染色体上发现了2个胱氨酸含量QTL, 共可解释29.66%的表型变异(表2和图1)。位于A4染色体HS-k02-2~HBr094间的qCysC-4-1的贡献率达到28.76%, 为控制油菜籽胱氨酸含量表现的主效QTL, 其达到极显著水平的正向胚加性主效应对胱氨酸含量起增效作用, 而极显著的负向母体加性主效应则起减效作用。位于A8染色体HR-S4-295和HR-C002-A8分子标记之间的qCysC-8-2只解释0.90%的表型变异, 属于微效QTL, 其极显著的胚加性主效应具有减效作用, 而极显著的母体加性主效应则具有增效作用。对这2个QTL都可检测到极显著的胚和母体加性主效应以及明显的环境互作效应, 未发现达到显著水平的胚显性主效应, 说明位于胚和母体植株核基因组上QTL的表达对胱氨酸含量的表现均有很重要的作用, 且易受环境条件变化的影响, 其表达所产生的胚显性主效应未显著影响油菜籽胱氨酸含量的表现。

2.3.3 酪氨酸含量 5个控制酪氨酸含量的QTL分别定位于A4、A7、C2、C3和C9染色体上, 能够解释59.26%的表型变异(表2和图1)。全部QTL所表达的胚和母体加性主效应均达极显著水平, 表明位于胚和母体植株这2套不同核基因组上的5个QTL均能显著影响油菜籽酪氨酸含量的表现。此外, 本试验未发现上述5个QTL具有显著的胚显性主效应, 说明胚显性主效应对酪氨酸含量的影响也不明显。其中, 位于C3染色体139.9 cM的qTyrC-13-4和位于C9染色体54.0 cM的qTyrC-19-5是控制酪氨酸含量表现的主效QTL, 可分别解释23.97%和33.76%的表型变异。qTyrC-13-4的极显著正向胚加性主效应对酪氨酸含量起增效作用, 而其极显著的负向母体加性主效应则起减效作用; qTyrC-19-5的极显著母体加性主效应具有增效作用, 而极显著负向的胚加性主效应则具有减效作用。qTyrC-4-1、qTyrC-7-2和qTyrC-12-3的贡献率分别为0.97%、0.17%和0.39%, 属于微效QTL。由于在qTyrC-12-3上还检测到显著的QTL环境互作效应(AeE1= -0.016^{* *}, AmE1 = 0.015^{* *}, AeE2 = 0.016^{* *}, AmE2 = -0.016^{* *}), 说明该QTL的表达容易受到环境条件的影响。

2.3.4 QTL共定位分析本试验两套遗传体系QTL定位分析的结果也发现在染色体上存在QTL成簇分布的现象。位于A4染色体HS-k02-2~HBr094区间的qSerC-4-2和qCysC-4-1, 以及位于HBr094~ CNU256区间的qTyrC-4-1均共定位于A4染色体HS-k02-2~CNU256区间内, 说明该QTL簇与半必需氨基酸性状的表现也有着密切关系。

3 讨论

多数的油菜籽品质性状都属于典型的数量性状。利用分子标记对控制油菜籽品质性状表现的QTL进行定位, 可将复杂的数量性状分解成简单的孟德尔数量性状位点(QTL)^{[24, 25]}, 有利于利用分子标记辅助选择技术进行更为有效的遗传改良。基于种子胚核基因组一套遗传体系, 目前已有一些关于油菜籽含油量、脂肪酸组分和蛋白质含量等品质性状QTL定位的报道, 并取得了明显的进展。利用芥菜型油菜的AFLP图谱, Subhadra等^[26]共检测到控制油分、芥酸、二十碳烯酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和棕榈酸含量的14个QTL; Mahmood等^[27]利用RFLP遗传图谱发现6个控制含油量和5个控制蛋白质含量的QTL; 梅德圣等^[28]采用复合区间作图法, 定位出与油分、蛋白质和硫苷含量相关的QTL 8个; 通过构建分子标记遗传图谱, Zhang等^[29]获得棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十碳烯酸和芥酸含量相关的QTL共22个。但作为生长在母体植株上的种子, 是雌雄配子受精后发育而成的新个体, 含有全部的遗传信息, 其生长发育所需的营养物质需要来自母体植株; 周围的生长环境(土壤、气候和田间管理等)在一定程度上也会影响种子的发育状况。基因型× 环境互作效应是除了遗传主效应之外的一部分可遗传的基因效应, 环境条件的变化会导致油菜品质性状基因表达方式或程度的不同, 因此需要在不同环境条件下进行甘蓝型油菜籽品质性状的QTL定位研究, 并采用包括基因型× 环境互作效应在内的QTL定位遗传模型及作图方法, 才能更好地分析控制油菜品质性状表现的QTL主效应和相应的QE效应。由于以前的一些研究已经表明油菜籽品质性状的表现除受制于种子胚自身核基因外, 还会受到母体植株核基因以及基因型与环境互作的影响^{[4, 12, 13, 14, 15]}, 因此, 很有必要同时考虑种子胚和母体植株不同遗传体系的QTL主效应以及QE效应对油菜籽品质性状的影响。

油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量等半必需氨基酸是重要的营养品质性状, 具有复杂的遗传基础。利用Yang等^[16]基于胚和母体植株2套遗传体系的QTL定位方法, 可更好地深入了解油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的遗传规律。本研究发现的12个QTL同时位于种子胚和母体植株2套不同的核基因组上, 且具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 部分QTL还具有显著或极显著的环境互作效应, 因此在油菜籽品质性状的QTL定位以及遗传效应分析中确实有必要同时考虑种子胚和母体植株两套基因组中QTL信息以及环境变化对目标性状的影响。本试验中新发现的5个控制油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量表现的主效QTL (R²=20.21%~37.22%)以及与之紧密连锁的分子标记, 在今后的QTL精细定位和油菜籽品质改良的分子标记辅助选择中可能发挥重要作用。本试验中还发现控制胱氨酸或酪氨酸含量表现的3个QTL具有明显的QE效应, 说明环境条件的变化对一些油菜籽品质性状的表现有着不可忽视的作用, 在油菜籽品质育种中需加以重视。此外, 以前在油菜籽其他品质性状的研究中发现过QTL成簇分布的现象^{[26, 29, 30]}, 本研究也发现控制丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的qSerC-4-2、qCysC-4-1和qTyrC-4-1集中分布于同一区域, 说明这几个QTL可能表现为紧密连锁或具有一因多效的作用。其中qCysC-4-1为主效QTL, 在氨基酸的代谢途径中可能起着更为重要的作用, 与该位点紧密连锁的分子标记, 即HBr094、CNU256和HS-k02-2, 在分子标记辅助选择育种中可以加以利用, 在今后主效基因的图位克隆中也具有潜在作用。

4 结论

对油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸3种半必需氨基酸含量进行胚和母体植株2套遗传体系QTL的同时定位, 检测到12个QTL。其中, 5个与丝氨酸含量相关的QTL (其中有2个主效QTL)均具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 但未检测到显著的胚显性主效应和环境互作效应; 2个与胱氨酸含量相关的QTL (1个主效QTL), 均具有显著的胚和母体加性主效应以及环境互作效应, 但未检测到显著的胚显性主效应; 5个与酪氨酸含量相关的QTL (2个主效QTL)也具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 其中1个QTL还具有极显著的环境互作效应, 但5个QTL均未发现具有明显的胚显性主效应。在染色体上存在着QTL成簇分布的现象。上述结果说明甘蓝型油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的表现会同时受到种子胚和母体植株两套不同遗传体系核基因组QTL表达效应的影响。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

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2001

0.0

王绍中, 李春喜, 罗艳蕊, 姜丽娜. 基因型和地域分布对小麦籽粒氨基酸含量影响的研究. 西北植物学报, 2001, 21: 437-445

Wang S

, Li C

, Luo Y

, Jiang L

Investigation on effects for genotypes and region distribution to the grain amino acid contents of winter wheat.

Acta Bot Boreal-Occident Sin, 2001, 21: 437-445 (in Chinese with English abstract)

根据河南省7个试验基点的10个小麦基因型籽粒中17种氨基酸含量的测定结果，对不同基因型氨基酸含量差异及其地域分布进行了研究，结果表明：小麦籽粒氨基酸含量不仅存在基因型间的差异，而且在很大程度上受生态环境条件的影响，环境间氨基酸含量的变异明显大于基因型，约为基因型间变异的1.5倍。不同试点所对应的气候分布、土壤类型与氨基酸含量变异有较大的吻合程度，表现出随湿润条件增加，氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸总量逐渐下降，而非必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比例呈逐渐上升趋势。与人体代谢关系密切的赖氨酸化学记分较低，且变异较小。 Abstract： According to the measured results of 17 amino acid contents in the grain samples of 10 winter wheat genotypes in 7 experimental units of Henan Province,the difference of genotypes and the region distribution on the grain amino acid contents have been investigated,the results are shown as follow:there are not only heredity difference among genotypes but also among ecological environment conditions on the amino acid contents.The variation among environments is obviously bigger than that among genotypes on the amino acid contents,being 1.5 times as much as that among genotypes.The climate distribution and the change of soil types in experimental units are identical with the variation of amino acid contents.With improving of humid degree,the amino acid contents,the essential amino acid content and the non-essential amino acid content are gradually decreasing,but the per cent of the non-essential amino acid content in the amino acid content is increasing by degree.The chemical score of lysine content,which is related closely to the metabolism of human body,is lower than other amino acids and its variation is small.

... 研究已发现种子中氨基酸含量主要表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 而且还会受到环境条件的影响^[1,2,3,4] ...

2001

4.387

0.0

... 研究已发现种子中氨基酸含量主要表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 而且还会受到环境条件的影响^[1,2,3,4] ...

2000

0.956

0.0

... 研究已发现种子中氨基酸含量主要表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 而且还会受到环境条件的影响^[1,2,3,4] ...

2005

0.0

0.717

任玉玲, 石春海, 吴建国, 张海珍. 油菜籽三种氨基酸含量的胚、细胞质和母体遗传效应分析. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2005, 31: 41-46

Ren Y

, Shi C

, Wu J

, Zhang H

Genetic analysis of embryo, cytoplasmic and maternal effects on three amino acid traits in rapeseed.

J Zhejiang Univ (Agric Life Sci), 2005, 31: 41-46 (in Chinese with English abstract)

利用8个油菜品种进行完全双列杂交,采用包括胚、细胞质和母体植株遗传效应的二倍体种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法,分析油菜(Brasstca napus L.)饼粕谷氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸含量的遗传效应、遗传率和遗传相关.结果表明,除了未发现精氨酸的细胞质效应外,油菜籽饼粕中谷氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸性状的表达均受到胚、细胞质和母体植株遗传效应的控制.谷氨酸和甘氨酸性状的表现是以母体遗传效应为主,但精氨酸性状的胚和母体遗传效应相近.3种氨基酸的母体遗传率大于胚遗传率或细胞质遗传率,且均以母体加性效应和细胞质效应为主,因此对这些性状进行选择可望取得较好的效果.3种氨基酸之间的相关性是以胚显性正相关(rp)为主,但母体加性(rAm)或显性(rDm)负相关也较为明显.

... 研究已发现种子中氨基酸含量主要表现为多基因控制的数量性状, 而且还会受到环境条件的影响^[1,2,3,4] ...

... 由于以前的一些研究已经表明油菜籽品质性状的表现除受制于种子胚自身核基因外, 还会受到母体植株核基因以及基因型与环境互作的影响^{[4,12,13,14,15]}, 因此, 很有必要同时考虑种子胚和母体植株不同遗传体系的QTL主效应以及QE效应对油菜籽品质性状的影响 ...

1993

9.737

0.0

... 多种QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位方法和定位模型^[5,6,7]可为定位控制复杂数量性状遗传的QTL提供有效工具 ...

1994

4.389

0.0

... 多种QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位方法和定位模型^[5,6,7]可为定位控制复杂数量性状遗传的QTL提供有效工具 ...

1998

0.0

... 多种QTL (quantitative trait locus)定位方法和定位模型^[5,6,7]可为定位控制复杂数量性状遗传的QTL提供有效工具 ...

2009

1.133

0.0

... 至今, 已有一些关于水稻^[8]、大豆^[9]、小麦^[10]、棉花^[11]和油菜^[12]等作物氨基酸含量的QTL定位信息, 但在油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量方面的QTL定位尚未见报道 ...

... 基于混合线性模型方法, Yang等^[16]提出了可以用于各种试验群体的全QTL模型和定位策略, 将复杂性状的多基因遗传体系剖解为QTL主效应及其与环境因子的互作效应, 并开发出相应的计算机软件(QTLNetwork), 使同时确定位于种子胚和母体植株2套遗传体系染色体上的QTL成为可能, 并已成功应用于水稻、棉花和油菜等作物品质性状的2套遗传体系QTL定位^{[8,11,12,17,18]}, 但是, 目前尚未见到有关油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量2套遗传体系QTL定位的报道 ...

2006

3.658

0.0

Panthee D

, Pantalone V

, Sams C

, Saxton A

, West D

, Orf J

, Killam A

Quantitative trait loci controlling sulfur containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, in soybean seeds.

Theor Appl Genet, 2006, 112: 546-553

Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the single largest source of protein in animal feed. However, a major limitation of soy proteins is their deficiency in sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys). The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Met and Cys concentration in soybean seed. To achieve this objective, 101 F 6 -derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from a population developed from a cross of N87-984-16 × TN93-99 were used. Ground soybean seed samples were analyzed for Met and Cys concentration using a near infrared spectroscopy instrument. Data were analyzed using SAS software and QTL Cartographer. RIL differed ( P −1 seed dry weight) for Cys and 4.4–8.8 (g kg −1 seed dry weight) for Met. Heritability estimates on an entry mean basis were 0.14 and 0.57 for Cys and Met, respectively. A total of 94 polymorphic simple sequence repeat molecular genetic markers were screened in the RIL. Single factor ANOVA was used to identify candidate QTL, which were confirmed by composite interval mapping using QTL Cartographer. Four QTL linked to molecular markers Satt235, Satt252, Satt427 and Satt436 distributed on three molecular linkage groups (MLG) D1a, F and G were associated with Cys and three QTL linked to molecular markers Satt252, Satt564 and Satt590 distributed on MLG F, G and M were associated with Met concentration in soybean seed. QTL associated with Met and Cys in soybean seed will provide important information to breeders targeting improvements in the nutritional quality of soybean.

1.Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, 252 Ellington Plant Sciences Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 2.Department of Animal Science, University of Tennessee, 2505 River Dr., 208c Brehm Animal Sciences, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 3.Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA

2013

1.632

0.0

2013

3.73

0.0

2014

1.436

0.0

... 目前已有研究表明, 油菜籽品质性状的表现会同时受到种子胚核基因组和母体植株核基因组等不同遗传体系基因主效应和环境互作效应的影响^{[12,13,14,15]} ...

2004

2.922

0.0

2005

1.328

0.0

2010

2.041

0.0

2007

5.323

0.0

... 0-Seed ^[16], 以LOD值大于等于3 ...

... 利用Yang等^[16]基于胚和母体植株2套遗传体系的QTL定位方法, 可更好地深入了解油菜籽半必需氨基酸含量的遗传规律 ...

2008

0.0

1.667

郑希, 吴建国, 楼向阳, 徐海明, 石春海. 不同环境条件下稻米组氨酸和精氨酸的胚乳和母体植株QTL分析. 作物学报, 2008, 34: 369-375

Zheng

, Wu J

, Lou X

, Xu H

, Shi C

Mapping and analysis of QTLs on maternal and endosperm genomes for histidine and arginine in rice (Oryza sativa L. ) across environments.

Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34: 369-375 (in Chinese with English abstract)

As a staple cereal crop in the world, rice feeds more than 50% of the world population. The improvement for rice quality including protein content and kinds of amino acid contents is an important work to meet the demands of a growing population. The genetic analysis on rice indicate that the inheritance of nutrient quality traits is complex, which involve the genetic effects from the triploid endosperm nuclear genes and the diploid maternal plant nuclear genes, being further partitioned into additive and dominance effects, and their genotype × environment (GE) interaction effects. So far, the magnitude and prevalence of interactions between quantitative trait loci (QTL) of the triploid endosperm genome or diploid maternal genome for rice traits are still largely unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genetic main effects and GE interaction effects of the QTL from different genomes across environments. Investigations to identify QTL governing histidine (His) and arginine (Arg) contents of rice were conducted using the newly developed QTL mapping method including endosperm and maternal main effects and their GE interaction effects on quantitative traits of seed in cereal crops. Two backcross populations, which were a set of 241 RILs derived from an elite hybrid cross of ‘Shanyou 63’ crossed with ‘Zhenshan 97’ (BC1F1) or ‘Minghui 63’ (BC2F1), were used in two environments. The results showed that significant differences were found between the two parents for both quantitative quality traits. His and Arg of rice for Zhenshan 97 were higher than those for Minghui 63. The distributions of phenotypic values for His and Arg in BC1F1 (RILs × P1) and BC2F1 (RILs × P2) populations revealed normal distributions approximately. Both backcross populations also showed varying distributions in 1999 and 2000, implying that both amino acid traits were subjected to the modification by environments. A total of ten QTL associated with His content were mapped on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 12. Significant additive effects (ae and de) of QTL from diploid maternal plant and triploid endosperm were detected for all of these QTL. Two of them were also found to have visible endosperm dominance main effects and five QTL had significant environmental interaction effects. A total of eight QTL associated with Arg content of rice were mapped on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 12. Significant additive main effects of QTL from both genomes were all detected for all of these QTL. Two of them were also found to have visible endosperm dominance main effects and two QTL had significant environmental interaction effects. The proportions of phenotypic variation attributable to the total genetic main effects and GE interaction of QTL were 0.147 and 0.055 for His and 0.160 and 0.018 for Arg, respectively. These results showed that the control for His and Arg contents of rice was distributed over several chromosomes and the environmental interaction effects were also important for the performance of these quality traits.

1 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, China; 2 Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22911, USA

利用汕优63重组自交系与双亲回交产生的BC1F1和BC2F1群体，采用新发展的包括环境互作效应在内的多遗传体系QTL作图方法和基因定位软件，对稻米两种半必需氨基酸（组氨酸和精氨酸）进行三倍体胚乳和二倍体母体植株等不同遗传体系的QTL定位分析。共检测到10个控制组氨酸含量的QTL以及8个控制精氨酸含量的QTL。全部QTL均具有极显著的三倍体胚乳和二倍体母体植株基因的加性主效应，其中4个QTL具有显著或极显著的三倍体胚乳显性主效应，7个QTL还具有明显的环境互作效应。

2012

1.643

0.0

Liu H

, Quampah

, Chen J

, Li J

, Huang Z

, He Q

, Shi C

, Zhu S

QTL analysis for gossypol and protein contents in upland cottonseeds with two different genetic systems across environments.

Euphytica, 2012, 188: 453-463

Abstract Genetically improved cottonseed with high protein content and low or no gossypol content could be suitably processed for human and animal consumption. In the present study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the genetic effects including QTL main effects and QTL × environment interaction effects from tetroploid maternal plant genome and tetroploid embryo genome were simultaneously identified for protein and gossypol contents of cottonseeds. This is to help understand the QTL and QTL × environment interactions from embryo and maternal genomes for these two traits, and provide more effective information for their improvement in cottonseed through maker-assisted selection. The experiment was carried out on an immortal F 2 population comprising 376 lines obtained among 188 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between parents HS46 and MARKCBUCAG8US-1-88, grown in 2009 and 2010. Twelve QTL for protein content (PC) and ten for gossypol content (GC) were detected using a genetic linkage map comprising 388 molecular markers. Among them, five QTL for gossypol content and six QTL for protein content were found in two different environments, explaining 62.95 and 58.52 % of phenotypic variances, respectively. A total of nine QTL were associated with these two traits, which were subsequently mapped to chromosome 3, 5, 6, 15, 18, 22 and 25. Six of these QTL were also found to have environmental interaction effects. The results from this study could be very useful in adopting effect strategies for protein improvement and gossypol elimination in cottonseeds.

1. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

2006

3.658

0.0

Qiu

, Morgan

, Shi

, Long

, Liu

, Li

, Zhuang

, Wang

, Tan

, Dietrich

, Weihmann

, Everett

, Vanstraelen

, Beckett

, Fraser

, Trick

, Barnes

, Wilmer

, Schmidt

, Li

, Meng

, Bancroft

A comparative linkage map of oilseed rape and its use for QTL analysis of seed oil and erucic acid content.

Theor Appl Genet, 2006, 114: 67-80

We have developed a new DH mapping population for oilseed rape, named TNDH, using genetically and phenotypically diverse parental lines. We used the population in the construction of a high stringency genetic linkage map, consisting of 277 loci, for use in quantitative genetic analysis. A proportion of the markers had been used previously in the construction of linkage maps for Brassica species, thus permitting the alignment of maps. The map includes 68 newly developed Sequence Tagged Site (STS) markers targeted to the homologues of defined genes of A. thaliana . The use of these markers permits the alignment of our linkage map with the A. thaliana genome sequence. An additional 74 loci (31 newly developed STS markers and 43 loci defined by SSR and RFLP markers that had previously been used in published linkage maps) were added to the map. These markers increased the resolution of alignment of the newly constructed linkage map with existing Brassica linkage maps and the A. thaliana genome sequence. We conducted field trials with the TNDH population at two sites, and over 2 years, and identified reproducible QTL for seed oil content and erucic acid content. The results provide new insights into the genetic control of seed oil and erucic acid content in oilseed rape, and demonstrate the utility of the linkage map and population.

1.National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 1 Shizishan, 430070 Wuhan, China 2.John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK 3.Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Genetics, Building 917, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, 100101 Beijing, China 4.Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14424 Potsdam, Germany 5.Biogemma UK, 200 Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0GZ UK 6.SESVANDERHAVE N.V./S.A. Industriepark, Soldatenplein Z2 nr 15, 3300 Tienen, Belgium 7.Hybrid Rapeseed Research Centre of Shaanxi, Dali, 715105 China

... 1 试验材料202个双单倍体(doubled haploid, DH)群体(TN DH)由华中农业大学构建^[19] ...

2011

1.608

0.0

... 采用Chen等^[20]确定的定标方法和定标方程分析样品光谱, 获得油菜籽丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量数据 ...

2009

4.389

0.0

... 4 连锁图谱及QTL定位所用遗传图谱由华中农业大学Shi等^[21]构建, 该定位图谱含有19个遗传连锁群(A1~A10, C1~C9), 共有786个分子标记(RFLPs、AFLP、Ms-AFLP、SSRs、STS、SNP、SSCP和CAPS), 覆盖基因组大小为2117 ...

1997

0.0

... QTL命名原则遵循McCouch等^[22]提出的命名方法 ...

1996

0.0

... 这些QTL均具有极显著的胚和母体加性主效应, 其中qCysC-4-1、qCysC-8-2和qTyrC-12-3具有明显的QTL环境互作效应, qSerC-9-4、qSerC-12-5、qCysC-4-1、qTyrC-13-4和qTyrC-19-5是控制相关性状表现的主效QTL, 均可解释10%以上的表型变异^[23] ...

1988

38.597

0.0

... 利用分子标记对控制油菜籽品质性状表现的QTL进行定位, 可将复杂的数量性状分解成简单的孟德尔数量性状位点(QTL)^[24,25], 有利于利用分子标记辅助选择技术进行更为有效的遗传改良 ...

1993

17.436

0.0

2013

0.414

0.0

Subhadra

, Mohapatra

, Rakesh

, Hussain

Mapping of QTLs for oil content and fatty acid composition in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L. ) Czern. and Coss. ].

J Plant Biochem Biot, 2013, 22: 80-89

Abstract An AFLP linkage map of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss was constructed using 88 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between an Indian cultivar ‘Varuna’ and an accession from Poland ‘BEC-144’. The map included 91 AFLP markers organized on 19 linkage groups covering a total map distance of 1679.1 cM. A total of 14 QTLs were detected for oil content (2 QTLs), erucic acid (2 QTLs), eicosenoic acid (2 QTLs), linolenic acid (3 QTLs), linoleic acid (3 QTLs) and palmitic acid (2 QTLs). A specific genomic region on LG2 was associated with contents of three fatty acids: erucic acid, eicosenoic acid and linoleic acid. Some of the markers showed absolute linkage with the QTLs associated with the levels of linolenic acid, linoleic acid and oil content. These markers may be used for improvement of fatty acid profile of B. juncea .

1. Department of Genetics, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India 2. National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India 3. NRC on DNA Fingerprinting, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012, India 4. National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012, India

... 利用芥菜型油菜的AFLP图谱, Subhadra等^[26]共检测到控制油分、芥酸、二十碳烯酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和棕榈酸含量的14个QTL ...

... 此外, 以前在油菜籽其他品质性状的研究中发现过QTL成簇分布的现象^[26,29,30], 本研究也发现控制丝氨酸、胱氨酸和酪氨酸含量的qSerC-4-2、qCysC-4-1和qTyrC-4-1集中分布于同一区域, 说明这几个QTL可能表现为紧密连锁或具有一因多效的作用 ...

2006

3.658

0.0

Mahmood

, Rahman M

, Stringam G

, Yeh

, Good A

Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for oil and protein contents and their relationships with other seed quality traits in Brassica juncea.

Theor Appl Genet, 2006, 113: 1211-1220

A detailed RFLP-genomic map was used to study the genetics of oil, seed and meal protein and sum of oil and seed/meal protein contents in a recombinant doubled-haploid population developed by crossing black- and yellow-seeded Brassica juncea lines. Two yellow seed color genes (SC-B4, SC-A6) and one QTL for erucic acid content (E 1b ) showed pleiotropic effect for oil, protein and sum of oil and seed/meal protein contents. Six (O-A1, O-A6, O-A9, O-B3, O-B4, O-B5) and five (SP-A1, SP-A9, SP-B4, SP-B6, SP-C) QTLs were significant for oil and seed protein contents, respectively. Tight linkage of three of these QTLs (SP-A1, SP-A9, SP-B4, O-A1, O-A9, O-B4), with opposite effects, poses challenge to the plant breeders for simultaneous improvement of negatively correlated ( r = −0.7**) oil and seed protein contents. However, one QTL for oil content (O-B3) and two for seed protein content (SP-B6, SP-C) were found to be unlinked, which offer the possibility for simultaneous improvement of these two traits. QTLs significant for meal protein (MP-A1, MP-A6, MP-A9, MP-B5, MP-B6) were significant at least for oil, seed protein or sum of oil and seed/meal protein contents (T-A6, T-A7, T-B4, T-B5). Sum of oil and seed protein contents and sum of oil and meal protein contents had a perfect correlation, as well as same epistatic interactions and QTLs with similar additive effect. This indicates that protein in seed or meal has practically the same meaning for breeding purposes. Epistatic interactions were significant for the quality traits, and their linkage reflected association among the traits.

1.University of Alberta Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science Edmonton AB T6G 2P5 Canada 2.University of Alberta Department of Renewable Resources Edmonton AB T6G 2H1 Canada 3.University of Alberta Department of Biological Sciences Edmonton AB T6G 2E1 Canada 4.Alberta Research Council PO Bag 4000 Vegreville AB T9C 1T4 Canada

... Mahmood等^[27]利用RFLP遗传图谱发现6个控制含油量和5个控制蛋白质含量的QTL ...

2009

0.0

梅德圣, 张垚, 李云昌, 胡琼, 李英德, 徐育松. 油菜油分、蛋白质和硫苷含量相关性分析及 QTL定位. 植物学报, 2009, 44: 536-545

Mei D

, Zhang

, Li Y

, Hu

, Li Y

, Xu Y

Identification of quantitative trait loci for oil, protein and glucosinolate content in Brassica napus.

Chin Bull Bot, 2009, 44: 536-545 (in Chinese with English abstract)

To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to oil, protein and glucosinolate content and elucidate the relations among them, we analyzed several traits of two F 2 populations derived from the original cross and a reciprocal cross betw een high-oilcontent lines 8908B and R1 in Brassica napus . Oil and protein content showed a significant correlation in both populations ( r = -0.68 and r = -0.81, respectively; P r = -0.45; P 2 population of the reciprocal cross but not in the F 2 population of the original cross. We constructed a genetic linkage map on the basis of 118 F 2 plants of the original cross. The map was made up of 21 linkage groups, including 121 markers, covering 1 298.7 cM. A composite interval mapping method was used to map QTL related to the three quality traits. Two QTLs related to oil content were detected on LG8 and LG10 and accounted for 4.8% and 13.7%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation, and R1 had a positive effect on both loci. Two QTLs related to protein content, pro1 and pro2, were identified on LG1 and LG3 and accounted for 15.2% and 14.1%, respectively, of the phenotypic variation. 8908B had a positive effect on pro1 loci, and R1 had a positive effect on pro2 loci. Four QTLs related to glucosinolate content were detected. Among these, glu1 and glu2 located on LG20, glu3 located on LG4, and glu4 located on LG8 accounted for 1.9%-25.4% of the phenotypic variation. R1 had a positive effect on glu1 , and 8908B had a positive effect on the other three loci.

Key Laboratory for Biological Sciences of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, National Center for Oil Crops Improvement, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China

为定位与油分、蛋白质和硫苷含量等品质性状相关的数量性状位点(QTL), 以2个含油量较高的甘蓝型油菜( Brassica napus )品系8908B和R1为研究材料, 配置正反交组合。在正反交F 2 代群体中, 含油量和蛋白质含量都存在极显著的负相关, 相关系数分别为-0.68和-0.81, 含油量和硫苷含量相关性不显著; 蛋白质含量和硫苷含量在正交群体中相关性不显著, 但在反交群体中存在显著负相关(相关系数 r =-0.45)。利用正交F 2 代群体中的118个单株, 构建了包含121个标记的遗传连锁图谱, 图谱长1 298.7 cM, 有21个连锁群(LGs)。采用复合区间作图法, 在连锁图上定位了2个与含油量有关的QTL, 分别位于LG8和LG10, 其贡献率分别为4.8%和13.7%, 增效基因都来源于R1; 定位了2个与蛋白质含量有关的QTL: pro1 和 pro2 , 分别位于LG1和LG3, 其贡献率分别为15.2%和14.1%, 位点pro1由8908B提供增效基因, pro2则由R1提供增效基因; 定位了4个与硫苷含量有关的QTL, 其中LG20上有2个, LG4和LG8上各1个, 它们的贡献率在1.9%-25.4%之间, 除LG20上 glu1 的增效基因来自R1外, 其余3个QTL位点均由8908B提供增效基因。

... 梅德圣等^[28]采用复合区间作图法, 定位出与油分、蛋白质和硫苷含量相关的QTL 8个 ...

2008

0.0

1.667

Zhang J

, Qi C

, Pu H

, Chen

, Gao J

, Chen X

, Gu

, Fu S

QTL identification for fatty acid content in rapeseed (Brassica napus L. ).

Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34: 54-60

Abstract A segregation population BC 1 F 1 of rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.), derived from a cross between a low erucic acid content line APL01 and a high erucic acid content variety M083, was used to construct the genetic map and identify auantitave trait loci (QTLs) linked to main fatty acid composition in rapeseed. The genetic map containing 19 linkage groups was constructed with 251 markers of RAPD, SSR, and SRAP. By means of WinQTLCart scanning, 5 QTLs linked to palmitic acid (C16:0) content were identified, which were located on linkage groups N3, N8, N10, and N13, respectively. The main-effect QTLs qPA8-1 and qPA13 linked to palmatic acid content in rapeseed explained 11.31% and 14.47% of the palmitic acid content variation in the segregation population BC 1 F 1 , respectively. Three QTLs linked to stearic acid (C18:0) content were identified, which were located on the linkage groups N1, N8, and N16. The main-effect QTL qST16 accounted for 12.22% of phenotypic variation. Two QTLs, qOL8 and qOL13 , the main-effect QTLs linked to oleic acid (C18:1) content, were located in the region of m11e37b – A0226Ba267 on linkage group N8 and m18e46 – m20e25a on N13. These QTLs accounted for 11.73% and 27.14% of phenotypic variation, respectively. Three QTLs linked to linoleic acid (C18:2) content were identified, and the main-effect QTL qLI8-1 accounted for 13.25% of phenotypic variation. Three QTLs, qLN1, qLN8 , and qLN11 , linked to linolenic acid (C18:3) content, were identified, but they had small effects on C18:3 and could be regarded as minor-QTLs. Four QTLs were linked to eicosenoic acid (C20:1) content, and three of them, qEI8-1, qEI8-2 , and qEI13 , were main-effect QTLs, accounting for 12.20%, 10.22%, and 11.14% of phenotypic variation, respectively. Two main-effect QTLs linked to erucic acid (C22:1) content, qER8 and qER13 , were located in the region of m11e37b – A0226Ba267 on linkage group N8 and A0301Bb398 – m18e46 on N13, accounted for 16.74% and 31.32% of phenotypic variation, respectively. The main-effect QTLs linked to fatty acid content, which were located in the region near marker m11e27b on linkage group N8 and m18e46 on linkage group N13, could be used in marker-assisted selection in fatty acid improvement in rapeseed.

... 通过构建分子标记遗传图谱, Zhang等^[29]获得棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十碳烯酸和芥酸含量相关的QTL共22个 ...

2011

0.497

0.0

Yan X

, Li J

, Wang

, Jin M

, Chen

, Qian

, Wang X

, Liu L

, Mapping of QTLs controlling content of fatty acid composition in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Genes Genom, 2011, 33: 365-371

The improvement of fatty acid composition is one of the major goals of breeding in rapeseed ( Brassica napus ). The aim of this study was to provide more information on the genetic determination of fatty acid composition by investigating quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The study was based on two-year of field trials (in 2006 and 2007) with a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), which originated from a cross between GH06 and P174. The level of erucic acid (C22:1) was significantly negatively correlated with those of palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), and eicosenoic acid (C20:1) in both years. A total of 40 QTLs for six fatty acids were detected and most of them were clustered on linkage groups N8, N9, and N13. These results suggested strongly that there were significant correlations between the levels of fatty acid components and would be useful for the future improvement of breeding programs focused on fatty acids in rapeseed.

1.Chongqing Rapeseed Engineering Research Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Tiansheng Road 216#, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716 P. R. China