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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2251-2260.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.02251

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻单胚多芽突变体多芽发生的胚胎学基础

郭静玉1，陈志雄1,**，杨秉耀2，陈新芬2，刘向东1,*，卢永根1,*   

  1. 1亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 广东广州 510642; 2华南农业大学电镜室, 广东广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2011-05-05 修回日期:2011-07-15 出版日期:2011-12-12 网络出版日期:2011-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 刘向东, E-mail: xdliu@scau.edu.cn; 卢永根, E-mail: yglu@scau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郭静玉, E-mail: jy.guo2010@hotmail.com, 陈志雄, E-mail: chenzx@scau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(30971756)，国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003021)和广东省自然科学重点基金项目(10251064201000001)资助。

Differentiation of Multiple Shoot Apical Meristems in Mutant Rice with One Embryo Causing Multiple Plumuples

GUO Jing-Yu1,CHEN Zhi-Xiong1,**, YANG Bing-Yao2, CHEN Xin-Fen2, LIU Xiang-Dong1,*,LU Yong-Gen1,*   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2 Electronic Microscope Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2011-05-05 Revised:2011-07-15 Published:2011-12-12 Published online:2011-09-06
  • Contact: 刘向东, E-mail: xdliu@scau.edu.cn; 卢永根, E-mail: yglu@scau.edu.cn
  • About author:郭静玉, E-mail: jy.guo2010@hotmail.com, 陈志雄, E-mail: chenzx@scau.edu.cn

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摘要： 植物胚胎发育过程中茎端分生组织的正常形成与发育是产生叶片、侧芽和茎的重要前提。水稻突变体4001的籽粒萌发时产生多个芽，为重要的茎端分生组织分化异常突变体。利用整体染色透明激光扫描共聚焦显微术(WE-CLSM)、塑料半薄切片术和扫描电子显微镜观察表明，突变体4001的胚囊结构和双受精过程正常，但胚胎发育和分化迟于野生型水稻，胚胎分化产生多个茎端分生组织，且位置异常。多个茎端分生组织的分化是4001多芽的胚胎学基础，与其相关的基因在调控水稻茎端分生组织分化的时间、未分化细胞数目以及背腹轴性建立等方面起着重要的作用。

关键词: 水稻 (Oryza sativa L.), 茎端分生组织, 胚胎发育

Abstract: The proper formation and development of shoot apical meristem during plant embryonic development is prerequisite to generate leaves, buds and stems. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant line 4001 produces multiple plumules in one seed and is considered as an important mutant with abnormal differentiation of shoot apical meristem. While the embryonic basis of the mutant with multiple plumules is yet unknown. To elucidate the cytological basis, mature embryo sac structure and process of double fertilization were observed with whole-mount eosin B-staining confocal laser scanning microscopy (WE-CLSM), semi-thin plastic sections and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observation by WE-CLSM showed that both embryo sac structure and double fertilization process were normal in the mutant line, suggesting that the abnormal traits were related to the later embryonic development. By semi-thin plastic sections and SEM, the retardation of embryonic development and the formation of multiple shoot apical meristems (SAM) under abnormal orientation were observed in one embryo of the mutant line, compared with those of wild-type rice. At three days after pollination, the process of embryonic development was slower in the mutant line than in the wild type rice. The abnormality included the diverse number of SAMs under irregular orientation and the changes of dorsal-ventral axis. Two separate plumules, two plumules in one coleoptile and two connected plumules with one separate plumule were also observed in the mutant line 4001. It was concluded that differentiation of multiple SAMs and the the changes of dorsal-ventral axis in one embryo contribute to the multiple plumuples in the mutant line. It was inferred that mutant trait-related genes might play important roles in the regulations of the timing of shoot apical meristem differentiation, the number of undifferentiated cells and the establishment of dorsal-ventral axis.

Key words: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Shoot apical meristem, Embryonic development

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