欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (08): 1513-1519.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01513

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

花生双受精过程及其经历时间

史春艳,申家恒*,李伟   

  1. 哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨150080
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-02 修回日期:2014-04-16 出版日期:2014-08-12 网络出版日期:2014-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 申家恒, E-mail: hsdshenjiaheng@163.com, Tel: 0535-6685930
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(3880041)和植物生物学黑龙江省高校重点实验室(哈尔滨师范大学)开放基金资助。

Double Fertilization and Duration of Phases in Peanut (Arachis hgpogaea L.)

SHI Chun-Yan,SHEN Jia-Heng*,LI Wei   

  1. College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150080, China
  • Received:2013-12-02 Revised:2014-04-16 Published:2014-08-12 Published online:2014-05-16
  • Contact: 申家恒, E-mail: hsdshenjiaheng@163.com, Tel: 0535-6685930

RichHTML

PDF

1214

被引次数

1

摘要：

通过石蜡切片技术研究了花生双受精作用的全过程, 结果表明, 开花后1 h花生的花粉管内的生殖细胞进入有丝分裂, 大约3 h完成。开花后8 h左右精子已经释放到胚囊, 开花后9~13 h精核分别与卵细胞和极核或次生核融合。卵细胞受精之后, 直到开花后30 h合子中的2个核仁渐渐融合, 进入分裂期, 合子多数是横分裂, 少部分纵分裂, 开花后32 h合子分裂形成二细胞原胚。合子休眠期为19 h, 极核在受精之前一部分融合成次生核, 极核或次生核受精之后, 在开花后13 h几乎大部分融合结束, 其中的一个极核或次生核中出现雄性核仁, 形成初生胚乳核, 初生胚乳核不经休眠或极短时间的休眠在开花后15 h分裂。本研究提供了花生受精过程的雌雄性细胞融合形态变化与相应经历的时间。确定了花生合子休眠期, 丰富了花生胚胎学资料, 对花生育种、转基因操作等具有重要意义。

关键词: 花生(Arachis hypogaea L.), 双受精, 合子, 合子休眠期, 初生胚乳核

Abstract:

 We used paraffin section technology to observe fertilization and duration of phased in fertilization of Arachis hypogaea L. The results indicated that reproductive cell in the pollen came into mitosis tube one hour after bloom, the mitosis lasted about three hours. Sperms released to embryonary sac at about eight hours after flowering. Sperm and egg cell or polar nucleus or secondary nucleus fused from nine to fifteen hours after flowering. Fusion needed about four hours. There were obvious isometrical two nuclei in the zygote at 30 hours after the two nucleole fusion, which came into division stage. Most of zygote had transverse division, and a few longitudinal division. First division needed about 36 hours after bloom, then formed two-cell proembryo and zygote had a dormant period for about 19 hours. After polar nucleus or secondary nucleus fertilization, almost the fusion completed in 13 hours after bloom, and male nucleolus appeared in one of polar nucleus or secondary nucleus, forming primary endosperm nucleus. The primary endodperm nucleus started division without domancy or after short dormant period in 15 hours after bloom. There were more sperms coming into embryonary sat and also single fertilization phenomenon.This study provides a understanding for morphological changed and corresponding timing of male and female cells in peanut fertiligation, confirms the duration of zygote dormancy, and enriches thepeanut embryological information, which has great significance for peanut breeding and genetically modified (gm) operation.

Key words: Arachis hypogaea L., Fertilization, Zygocyte, Zygote dormancy, Primary endosperm nucleus

[1]杨衔晋, 黄普华, 付沛云, 李冀云, 陈佑安, 李树刚, 张本能, 韦裕宗, 黄德爱, 卫兆芬, 吴德林, 卫思奇. 中国植物志(第41卷). 北京: 科学出版社, 1995. pp 361–362



Yang X J, Huang P H, Fu P Y, Li J Y, Chen Y A, Li S G, Zhang B N, Hui Y Z, Huang D A, Wei Z F, Wu D W, Wei S Q. Flora China, (Vol. 41). Beijing: Science Press, 1995. pp 361–362 (in Chinese)



[2]李明姝, 姚开, 贾冬英, 何强, 赖本丽. 花生功能成分及其综合利用. 中国油脂, 2004, 29(9): 13–15



Li M S, Yao Kai, Jia D Y, He Qiang, Lai B L. Functional components in peanut and their comprehensive utilization. China Oils Fats, 2004, 29(9): 13–15 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]王福青. 花生大孢子发生过程的观察. 莱阳农学院学报, 1991, 8: 119–112



Wang F Q. To observe Megasporogenesis development in Arachis hypogea . J Laiyang Agric Coll, 1991, 8: 119–112 (in Chinese)



[4]汤泽生, 王祖秀, 杜素琼, 梁素华, 刘钰. 花生小孢子发育的初步研究. 中国油料, 1982, (1): 38–42



Tang Z S, Wang Z X, Du S Q, Liang S H, Liu Y. Preliminary study microspore development in Arachis hypogeae. Zhongguo Youliao, 1982, (1): 38–42 (in Chinese)



[5]王福青, 王铭伦, 丛明日. 郑芝荣. 花生雌雄两性细胞发育关系的研究. 植物学通报, 2000, 17: 366–371



Wang F Q, Wang M L, Cong M R, Zheng Z R. Research on the relation between the development of peanut female and male tissues and cells. Chin Bull Bot, 2000, 17: 366–371 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]邢树平, 席湘媛. 花生双受精作用的研究. 山东农业大学学报, 1996, 27: 33–38



Xing S P, Xi X Y. fertilization in Arachis hypogeae L. J Shandong Agric Univ, 1996, 27: 33–38 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[7]Smith B W. Arachis hypogeae embryogeny and the effect of peg elongation upon embryo and endosperm growth. Am J Bot, 1956, 43: 233–240



[8]何远康, 丘运兰, 韩惠珍. 花生胚胎发育的形态学观察. 华南农业大学学报, 1992, 13(2): 34–39



He Y K, Qiu Y L, Han H Z. Morphological observation of peanut (Arachis hypogeae L.) embryonic development. J South China Agric Univ, 1992, 13(2): 34–39 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]Maheshwari P. An intruduction to the embryology of angiosperms. New York: McGraw Hill Book Comp, 1950. pp 162–176



[10]申家恒. 大豆受精作用的研究. 植物学报, 1983, 25: 213–219



Seng J H. Study on the fertilization in Glycine max. Acta Bot Sin, 1983, 25: 213–219 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]孙大荣. 花生育种学. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998. pp 75–79



Sun D R. Science of breeding in Arachis hypogeae. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1998. pp 75–79 (in Chinese)



[12]南京农学院, 江苏农学院. 作物栽培学(南方本下册). 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 1981. pp 256–261



Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Agricultural University. Crop Cultivation (Part II for South Version). Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 1981. pp 256–261 (in Chinese)



[13] Johri B M, Ambegaokar K B, Srivastava P S. Comparative embryology of angiosperms. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1992. pp 383–391



[14]申家恒, 李慧蓉, 李玉芬, 殷华, 连永权. 玉米双受精的细胞学观察. 植物学报, 1987, 29: 480–485



Shen J H, Li H R, Li Y F, Yin Ha, Lian Y Q. Cytologic observations on the double fertilization in maize. Acta Bot Sin, 1987, 29: 480–485 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 李冉俐，申家恒，贾媛，李伟，王黎明. 高粱受精过程及其经历的时间[J]. 作物学报, 2009, 35(12): 2234-2242.
[2] 张君诚;蔡宁波;张新文;庄伟建. 钙影响花生胚胎发育/败育特异蛋白质的筛选与鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2007, 33(05): 814-819.
[3] 赵洁;姚成义;周嫦;杨弘远. 应用微室饲养培养系统诱导水稻和小麦合子及早期原胚的生长[J]. 作物学报, 2002, 28(03): 289-293.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2