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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 2187-2193.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.02187

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

木豆CGMS杂交种生产中的传粉昆虫

李正红1,梁宁1,**,马宏1,Kul Bhushan SAXENA3,刘秀贤1,宗绪晓2,*   

  1. 1 中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所，云南昆明650224；2中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，北京100081; 3 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502324, India
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-27 修回日期:2011-07-25 出版日期:2011-12-12 网络出版日期:2011-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 宗绪晓, E-mail: zongxx@mail.caas.net.cn, Tel: 010-62186651
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家科技部国际合作项目(2008DFA30970)?, 农业部作物种质资源保护项目(NB09-2130135-2-09), 现代农业产业技术体系(nycytx-18), 云南省科技攻关项目(2006NG27)和国家林业局引进国际先进农业科学技术计划项目(948计划)(2007-4-05)资助。

Insect Pollinators in CGMS Hybrid Seed Production of Cajanus cajan

LI Zheng-Hong1,LIANG Ning1,**,MA Hong1,Kul Bhushan SAXENA3,LIU Xiu-Xian1,ZONG Xu-Xiao2,*   

  1. 1 Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224, China; 2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 3 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502324, India
  • Received:2011-03-27 Revised:2011-07-25 Published:2011-12-12 Published online:2011-09-29
  • Contact: 宗绪晓, E-mail: zongxx@mail.caas.net.cn, Tel: 010-62186651

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摘要： 木豆是世界上唯一的木本食用豆类作物，具有较强的抗旱性。木豆杂交制种需昆虫传粉，制种地传粉昆虫的种类及数量是制种产量的决定性因素。而对木豆杂交制种中传粉昆虫与种子产量关系的研究极为少见。国内尚无传粉昆虫种类、数量及木豆杂交种制种产量的任何研究报道。本文调查了云南省元谋县CGMS木豆[Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]杂交种ICPH2671制种田访花昆虫种类、数量、访花频次及杂交种制种产量等。结果表明在云南元谋，木豆访花昆虫共有5目15科25种，其中主要5种传粉媒介为绒切叶蜂(Megachile velutina)、切叶蜂属一种(Megachile sp5)、圆柄木蜂(Xylocopa tenuiscapa)、蜜蜂亚科一种(Apinaesp)和切叶蜂属一种(Megachile sp2)。木豆盛花期，制种亲本不育系每个分枝昆虫访花频次为每10 min 2.8次，而恢复系植株上的访花频次为每10 min 5.2次，表明昆虫对恢复系花朵有明显偏好；在前述昆虫访花频次下，不育系单株干籽粒产量达383.7 g，恢复系单株产量为357.0 g，二者无显著差异，说明这样的昆虫访问频次已能满足杂交制种中将花粉由恢复系传至不育系的需要。

关键词: 木豆, 质核互作不育系, 传粉昆虫, 杂交种子生产

Abstract: Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is the only shrubby food legume crop in the world, with drought tolerance. Insect pollinators are essential on flower pollination in CGMS pigeonpea lines, and their species, abundance, visiting frequency are the key factors for pigeonpea hybrid production. More than forty-six species of insects were reported as flower visitors in the open field for pigeonpea production outside China, and Megachile spp. were the major pollinators. Reports on relations between insect pollinators and pigeonpea hybrid production were seldom in the world. In China, there is not any research report on relation between CGMS hybrid production of pigeonpea and its insect pollinators. Therefore, species, abundance, visiting frequency of flower-visiting insects at flowering stage and hybrid yield of pigeonpea were investigated recently, in pigeonpea hybrid production field in Yuanmou County in Yunnan province of China, using CGMS based ICPH2671 hybrid. The results indicated 25 species of flower-visiting insects were observed, among them the main species including Megachile velutina Sm., Megachile sp5, Xylocopa tenuiscapa Westw., Apidae sp and Megachile sp2 were confirmed. At blooming stage, the visiting frequency of flower-visiting insects on each observed primary branch of the CGMS male sterile line was 2.8 times per 10 minutes, while on CGMS restorer line was 5.2 times per 10 minutes. This indicated the preference of flower-visiting insects to the flowers of restorer line. The significantly different visiting frequency of flower-visiting insects between male sterile and restorer lines resulted in very similar dry seed yields of male sterile line (383.7 g plant–1) and restorer line (357.0 g plant–1). This indicated enough pollen transportation from restorer line to male sterile line by pollinators, even much less visiting frequency appeared on the flowers of male sterile line compared to that of restorer line.

Key words: Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), CGMS system, Insect pollinators, Hybrid seed production

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