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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10): 2053-2063.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01073

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

青藏春冬麦区93份小麦地方种质条锈病抗性评价及抗病基因分子鉴定

赵旭阳1(), 姚方杰1, 龙黎1, 王昱琦1, 康厚扬1,2, 蒋云峰1,2, 李伟3, 邓梅1, 李豪1, 陈国跃1,2,*()   

  1. 1四川农业大学小麦研究所, 四川成都 611130
    2西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室, 四川成都 611130
    3四川农业大学农学院, 四川成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-07 接受日期:2021-03-20 出版日期:2021-10-12 网络出版日期:2021-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 陈国跃
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zhaoxuyang1101@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0102000);四川省重大科技专项(2018NZDZX0002);四川省国际科技创新合作(2019YFH0063)

Evaluation of resistance to stripe rust and molecular detection of resistance genes of 93 wheat landraces from the Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones

ZHAO Xu-Yang1(), YAO Fang-Jie1, LONG Li1, WANG Yu-Qi1, KANG Hou-Yang1,2, JIANG Yun-Feng1,2, LI Wei3, DENG Mei1, LI Hao1, CHEN Guo-Yue1,2,*()   

  1. 1Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploitation and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
    3College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-09-07 Accepted:2021-03-20 Published:2021-10-12 Published online:2021-04-16
  • Contact: CHEN Guo-Yue
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0102000);Key Research and Development Program of Sichuan Province(2018NZDZX0002);International Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchanges Programs of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFH0063)

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摘要：

为应对当前条锈菌强毒性小种对中国小麦生产带来的威胁, 本研究通过鉴定来自青藏春冬麦区的93份小麦地方种质对中国当前条锈菌流行小种或致病类群在苗期和成株期的抗性水平, 检测其可能携带的条锈病抗性基因, 为培育小麦抗条锈病新品种提供抗源。利用条锈菌流行小种条中32号(CYR32)和条中34号(CYR34)对93份来源于青藏春冬麦区小麦地方品种进行温室苗期抗性鉴定, 并于2015—2016、2017—2018和2018—2019年度在四川崇州和绵阳共4个田间环境下, 利用由条锈菌流行小种(CYR32、CYR33、CYR34)、水源致病类型(Su11-4、Su11-5)、贵农22致病类型(G22-14)组成的混合菌进行成株期抗性鉴定。同时利用Yr5、Yr10、Yr18、Yr24 (=Yr26)、Yr48、Yr65和Yr67共7个已知抗条锈病基因紧密连锁的侧翼分子标记或功能标记进行检测。抗性鉴定结果表明, 4份(占4.30%)种质对CYR32表现苗期抗性; 3份(占3.26%)对CYR34表现苗期抗性; 其中1份种质(白颖无芒小麦)对CYR32和CYR34均表现苗期抗性。10份种质(占10.75%)在4个田间环境中均表现成株期抗性。分子检测结果表明, 可能携带Yr18、Yr48和Yr65的种质分别有11份、40份和1份。其中, 7份可能同时携带Yr18+Yr48基因; 3份未检测出供试已知Yr基因, 推测其可能携带其他已知或未知条锈病抗性基因。上述研究结果表明, 青藏春冬麦区小麦地方种质对中国当前条锈菌流行小种或致病类群的抗性整体水平较低, 其携带抗性基因的多样性也较低; 建议对表现良好抗性且可能携带未知抗性基因的地方种质进行发掘并利用其加快育种。

关键词: 小麦地方种质, 小麦条锈病, 抗病鉴定, Yr基因

Abstract:

Wheat stripe rust (yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most serious diseases in wheat. To address the threat of predominant Pst races to wheat production and screen resistance resources to breed new wheat cultivars in China, the resistance of 93 wheat landraces derived from Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones to stripe rust were evaluated at seedling stage and adult plant stage, and the Yr genes that they might carry were detected. The resistance of 93 wheat landraces were evaluated at seedling stage in a greenhouse with two Pst races CYR32 and CYR34, and at adult plant stage under four field conditions with the mixture of Pst races (CYR32, CYR33, CYR34, Su11-4, Su11-5, and G22-14) in Chongzhou and Mianyang, Sichuan during 2015-2016, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019 cropping seasons, respectively. The panel of wheat landraces was detected with flanking markers closely linked to stripe rust resistance genes Yr5, Yr10, Yr18, Yr24 (=Yr26), Yr48, Yr65, and Yr67. Resistance evaluation indicated that four landraces (4.30%) were resistant to CYR32, three (3.26%) resistant to CYR34, and one was resistant to both CYR32 and CYR34 at seedling stage. Ten landraces displayed resistance to mixed races at adult plant stage under four field conditions. Molecular detection indicated that 11, 40, and 1 landrace might carry Yr18, Yr48, and Yr65, respectively. Seven landraces may carry both Yr18 and Yr48. In addition, no Yr genes were detected in the three resistant wheat landraces, indicating that these wheat landraces might carry other known or unknown stripe rust resistance genes. The wheat landraces derived from Qinghai-Tibet spring and winter wheat zones showed low levels of resistance to the current predominant Pst races in China, and they carried less resistance genes. These wheat landraces with good resistance and carrying known or unknown resistance genes should be valued to explore novel stripe rust resistance genes and accelerate their utilization in wheat breeding program.

Key words: wheat landraces, stripe rust, resistance evaluation, Yr genes

表1

93份青藏春冬麦区小麦地方品种条锈病抗性鉴定及其抗条锈病基因的分子检测结果"

种质
Landrace		 产地
Origin		 成株期
Adult plant stage		 苗期
Seedling stage		 抗性类型
Resistance type		 分子标记检测
Presence or absence of Yr gene based
on molecular marker detection
16CZ 16MY 18CZ 19CZ CYR32 CYR34
DS(%) IT DS(%) IT DS(%) IT IT IT IT Yr18 Yr48 Yr65 Yr67
长芒白粒麦Changmangbailimai 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet 40 3 60 3 72 3 3 3 3 S + + — —
波密杂麦-5 Bomizamai-5 西藏波密Bomi, Tibet 20 2 40 3 100 4 3 3 3 S + + — —
林芝杂小麦Linzhizaxiaomai 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet 80 4 80 3 80 3 3 3 3 S + + — —
无芒小麦Wumangxiaomai 西藏昂仁Angren, Tibet * * 100 4 100 4 4 3 4 S — + + —
达孜杂小麦-3Dazizaxiaomai-3 西藏达孜Dazi, Tibet 40 3 40 3 60 3 3 4 4 S — + — —
贡吉卓Gongjizhuo 西藏察隅Chayu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 100 4 4 3 4 S — + — —
翻身卓Fanshenzhuo 西藏琼结Qiongjie, Tibet 100 4 100 4 84 3 3 3 4 S — + — —
苏卓卓玛Suzhuozhuoma 西藏八宿Basu, Tibet 20 2 20 3 72 3 1 3 4 S — + — —
加查扎仁卓玛Jiachazharenzhuoma 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet 20 2 5 1 8 2 1 2 3 ASR + + — —
曲下小麦Quxiaxiaomai 西藏定日Dingri, Tibet 80 4 100 3 88 4 3 3 3 S + + — —
定日长芒Dingrichangmang 西藏定日Dingri, Tibet 80 4 80 4 26 3 3 3 3 S + + — —
波密短曲Bomiduanqu 西藏波密Bomi, Tibet 60 3 20 3 7 1 3 4 3 S + + — —
大红麦Dahongmai 青海平安Pingan, Qinghai 5 0; 0 0; 0 0; 1 3 3 APR + + — —
朗县贡卓Langxiangongzhuo 西藏朗县Langxian, Tibet 5 0; 5 1 10 2 3 3 3 S + + — —
丕卓Pizhuo 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 60 3 8 1 3 4 3 S + + — —
广欠无芒Guangqianwumang 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet * 0 0 0 3 1 1 1 3 ASR + + — —
加查鼠麦Jiachashumai 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 40 3 100 4 3 3 3 S + + — —
准唐玉卓Huaitangyuzhuo 西藏昂仁Angren, Tibet 100 4 100 4 100 4 4 3 4 S — + — —
红芒麦子Hongmangmaizi 四川义敦Yidun, Sichuan 20 2 5 1 4 1 1 3 3 APR + — — —
吉雄扎嘎Jixiongzhaga 西藏贡嘎Gongga, Tibet 5 1 80 4 52 3 3 3 3 S — + — —
藏麦-169 Zangmai-169 西藏拉萨Lasa, Tibet 100 4 100 4 88 4 4 4 3 S — + — —
加长麦Jiachangmai 西藏昌都Changdu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 92 4 4 3 3 S — + — —
踏荣卓Tarongzhuo 西藏尼木Nimu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 15 3 4 3 4 S + — — —
岗吉基卓Gangjijizhuo 西藏亚东Yadong, Tibet 80 3 60 3 35 3 3 3 3 S — — — —
小红麦(八宝)Xiaohongmai(Babao) 青海祁连Qilian, Qinghai 60 3 60 3 72 4 1 3 4 S + — — —
吉林春麦Jilinchunmai 西藏扎囊Zhanang, Tibet 40 2 0 0; 6 1 3 4 4 S + — — —
下康布Xiakangbu 西藏亚东Yadong, Tibet 20 2 5 1 60 4 2 4 3 S — + — —
江当秃头Jiangdangtutou 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet 60 3 40 3 60 4 3 4 4 S — + — —
长芒毛颖麦Changmangmaoyingmai 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet 60 3 40 3 80 4 3 2 4 S — + — —
毛红麦Maohongmai 青海贵德Guide, Qinghai 100 4 100 4 100 4 3 3 3 S — — — +
尕老汉Galaohan 青海乐都Ledu, Qinghai 5 1 5 1 48 2 1 4 4 APR — + — —
兰麦Lanmai 青海都兰Dulan, Qinghai 100 4 100 4 100 4 4 4 3 S — — — +
扎仁玛布Zharenmabu 西藏昌都Changdu, Tibet 80 3 80 3 88 4 4 3 4 S — + — —
高山早熟小麦Gaoshanzaoshuxiaomai 四川新龙Xinlong, Sichuan 20 2 5 1 13 2 1 3 4 APR — + — —
小红麦Xiaohongmai 青海都兰Dulan, Qinghai 60 3 10 3 40 3 3 3 4 S — + — —
大六月黄Daliuyuehuang 青海贵德Guide, Qinghai 80 4 100 4 2 1 1 3 4 S + — — —
白小麦Baixiaomai 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet 80 3 60 3 28 3 3 3 4 S — + — —
团结基卓Tuanjiejizhuo 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet 100 4 100 4 72 4 4 4 4 S — + — —
年扎冬小麦Nianzhadongxiaomai 西藏错那Cuona, Tibet * 3 20 3 2 2 3 3 3 S — — — —
吉古丕卓Jigupizhuo 西藏墨竹Mozhu, Tibet * 3 0 3 * * 3 3 4 S — — — —
王卡麦Wangkamai 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet * 4 60 3 60 4 3 4 3 S — + — —
仁布春Renbuchun 西藏仁布Renbu, Tibet 100 4 40 3 28 3 3 3 3 S — + — —
加查红颖Jiachahongying 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 80 3 76 4 4 3 1 S — + — —
宗沙麦Zongshamai 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet * 4 80 3 88 4 4 4 4 S — + — —
鲁朗白麦Lulangbaimai 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet 40 3 40 3 44 3 3 3 4 S — — + —
红和尚头Hongheshangtou 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet * 4 60 3 800 4 3 3 3 S — + — —
扎国勾曲麦Zhaguogouqumai 西藏错那Cuona, Tibet * 4 20 3 60 4 3 3 3 S — + — —
毛颖麦Maoyingmai 西藏错那Cuona, Tibet * 4 5 3 30 4 3 3 3 S — + — —
羊日大穗Yangridasui 西藏拉萨Lasa, Tibet * 4 0 0; 56 4 3 3 3 S — + — —
易贡卓Yigongzhuo 西藏波密Bomi, Tibet * 3 10 3 44 3 3 3 4 S — — + —
桑久比卓Sangjiubizhuo 西藏察隅Chayu, Tibet * 3 40 3 60 3 3 4 3 S — — + —
塔吉卓Tajizhuo 西藏达孜Dazi, Tibet * 4 100 4 100 4 3 3 4 S — + — —
曲红麦Quhongmai 西藏拉萨Lasa, Tibet * 4 40 3 92 4 3 3 4 S — + — —
错那白麦Cuonabaimai 西藏错那Cuona, Tibet * 4 10 3 80 4 3 4 4 S — — + —
白玉小麦Baiyuxiaomai 四川白玉Baiyu, Sichuan 20 2 0 0; 0 0; 2 4 4 APR — — + —
泽当毛颖Zedangmaoying 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet 10 2 * * 37 4 3 3 4 S — — — —
扎西岗卓Zhaxigangzhuo 西藏定日Dingri, Tibet 100 4 100 4 100 4 4 4 4 S — — — —
兴荣春麦Xingrongchunmai 西藏隆子Longzi, Tibet 20 3 10 2 10 3 3 3 3 S — — — —
中芒卓玛Zhongmangzhuoma 西藏芒康Mangkang, Tibet * * 60 3 6 2 3 4 4 S — — — —
然日无芒麦Ranriwumangmai 四川石渠Shiqu, Sichuan 100 4 80 3 100 4 4 3 3 S — — — —
定结春Dingjiechun 西藏定结Dingjie, Tibet 5 1 5 1 0 0; 1 3 1 ASR — — — —
德阳杂麦Deyangzamai 西藏米林Milin, Tibet 60 3 60 3 68 4 3 4 4 S — — — —
白颖无芒小麦Baiyingwumangxiaomai 西藏江孜Jiangzi, Tibet 80 3 80 3 100 4 4 2 0 S — — — —
生格小麦Shenggexiaomai 西藏昌都Changdu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 * 4 4 4 3 S — — — —
大白麦Dabaimai 青海化隆Hualong, Qinghai 80 3 60 3 44 3 1 4 4 S — — — —
红小麦Hongxiaomai 西藏八宿Basu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 88 4 4 4 4 S — — — —
聂拉木无芒Nielamuwumang 西藏聂拉木Nielamu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 100 4 4 3 4 S — — — —
沙马比卓Shamabizhuo 西藏察隅Chayu, Tibet 40 3 40 3 48 3 3 3 4 S — — — —
丁青毛颖麦Dingqingmaoyingmai 西藏昌都Changdu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 76 4 4 3 4 S — — — —
无芒白麦Wumangbaimai 西藏墨竹Mozhu, Tibet 100 4 100 4 80 4 4 4 3 S — — — —
泽当杂小麦Zedangzaxiaomai 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet * 4 80 4 26 4 3 4 4 S — — — —
扎仁卓玛Zharenzhuoma 西藏朗县Langxian, Tibet * 4 80 3 26 3 3 4 4 S — — — —
东门秃头麦Dongmentutoumai 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet * 4 60 3 40 3 3 3 4 S — — — —
吉丁无芒春麦Jidingwumangchunmai 西藏谢通门Xietongmen, Tibet * 4 100 4 100 4 4 4 4 S — — — —
普芒红麦Pumanghongmai 西藏普芒Pumang, Tibet 60 2 5 1 8 1 0; 4 4 APR — — — —
曲下基卓Quxiajizhuo 西藏拉孜Lazi, Tibet * 4 80 4 88 4 3 4 4 S — — — —
沙岗春Shagangchun 西藏康马Kangma, Tibet 100 4 100 4 100 4 3 4 3 S — — — —
学隆卓Xuelongzhuo 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet 100 4 5 0 61 3 3 4 3 S — — — —
白马店卓Baimadianzhuo 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet * 2 5 1 4 1 0; 3 3 APR — — — —
加查冬春麦Jiachadongchunmai 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet 100 4 80 3 100 4 3 3 3 S — — — —
扎娜Zhana 西藏曲松Qusong, Tibet 100 4 20 3 100 4 3 3 3 S — — — —
杰果扎仁布素Jieguozharenbusu 西藏米林Milin, Tibet * 3 0 1 17 3 3 3 3 S — — — —
拉月大穗Layuedasui 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet * 4 40 3 48 3 3 4 3 S — — — —
长芒培卓Changmangpeizhuo 西藏堆龙Duilong, Tibet * 4 40 3 18 4 3 3 4 S — — — —
仁达长光麦Rendachangguangmai 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet 100 4 100 4 96 4 3 3 3 S — — — —
东莱长红麦Donglaichanghongmai 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 80 3 96 4 3 3 3 S — — — —
秃毛麦Tumaomai 西藏波密Bomi, Tibet * 3 10 3 60 4 3 3 3 S — — — —
吉日卓Jirizhuo 西藏林芝Linzhi, Tibet * 3 10 3 25 3 3 3 4 S — — — —
达当卓Dadangzhuo 西藏察雅Chaya, Tibet * 4 60 3 88 4 3 3 4 S — — — —
加查红麦Jiachahongmai 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 100 4 72 4 3 3 4 S — — — —
无芒毛颖麦Wumangmaoyinmai 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 60 3 76 4 3 4 4 S — — — —
东门红秃子Dongmenhongtuzi 西藏乃东Naidong, Tibet * * * * 9 2 3 4 4 S — — — —
陇南长芒Longnanchangmang 西藏加查Jiacha, Tibet * 4 100 4 100 4 4 4 4 S — — — —

表2

Yr基因的侧翼标记及其序列"

Yr 基因
Yr gene		 标记类型
Marker type		 标记名称
Marker name		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)		 遗传距离
Genetic distance (cM)		 参考文献
Reference
Yr5 KASP Yr5F GCGCCCCTTTTCGAAAAAATA — Marchal et al. [29]
Yr5H CTAGCATCAAACAAGCTAAATA
Yr5R ATGTCGAAATATTGCATAACATGG
Yr10 Indel Xsdauw79-F TTGCTCTAAGCTGTGGCCT Yuan et al. [30]
Xsdauw79-R GAGTTCAACCCCGAACACT
Xsdauw79-NF AGAGCCTAAGCGCCTAAGG
Xsdauw79-NR TTAAAATCTCCCAAGTACGCA
Yr18 STS csLV34 GTTGGTTAAGACTGGTGATGG 0.4 Lagudah et al. [31]
TGCTTGCTATTGCTGAATAGT
Gene Marker Cssfr5 TTGATGAAACCAGTTTTTTTTCTA — Lagudah et al. [31]
GGGAGCATTATTTTTTTCCATCATG
ACTTTCCTGAAAATAATACAAGCA
TATGCCATTTAACATAATCATGAA
Yr24 STS Xwe173 GGGACAAGGGGAGTTGAAGC 1.4 Wang et al. [32]
GAGAGTTCCAAGCAGAACAC
STS Xwe33 TAAACCAAGTCCCCCAAA — Wang et al. [32]
GGAGTCCATCTTCACCGA
Yr48 SSR Xwmc727 CATAATCAGGACAGCCGCAC 4.4 Lowe et al. [33]
TAGTGGCCTGATGTATCTAGTTGG
Yr65 SSR Xgwm18 GGTTGCTGAAGAACCTTATTTAGG 1.2 Cheng et al. [34]
TGGCGCCATGATTGCATTATCTTC
Yr67 SSR Xbarc182 CCATGGCCAACAGCTCAAGGTCTC 0.4 Xu et al. [35]
CGCAAAACCGCATCAGGGAAGCACCAAT
SSR Xcfa2040 TCAAATGATTTCAGGTAACCACTA 2.8 Xu et al. [35]
TTCCTGATCCCACCAAACAT

图1

青藏春冬麦区部分小麦地方种质Yr18的分子检测 M: 分子量; Yr18: Yr18/6* Avocet S; AvS: Avocet Susceptible; 1: 加查扎仁卓玛; 2: 大红麦; 3: 广欠无芒; 4: 尕老汉; 5: 高山早熟小麦; 6: 白玉小麦; 7: 普芒红麦; 8: 白马店卓; 9: 长芒白粒麦; 10: 波密杂麦-5; 11: 林芝杂小麦; 12: 踏荣卓。"

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