欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (10): 2483-2493.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.12067
孙炳蕊(
), 潘大建, 李晨, 江立群, 张静, 吕树伟, 刘清, 毛兴学, 陈文丰(), 范芝兰()
SUN Bing-Rui(), PAN Da-Jian, LI Chen, JIANG Li-Qun, ZHANG Jing, LYU Shu-Wei, LIU Qing, MAO Xing-Xue, CHEN Wen-Feng(), FAN Zhi-Lan()
摘要：
自水稻矮化育种成功以来, 广东的水稻品种在国内的水稻育种中发挥了重要作用。国家“十四五”规划明确提出了我国种业自主创新将以提升核心种源竞争力为目标, 着力加强种质资源保护利用。本研究利用开发的10,610个多态性SLAF标签, 对98份广东省不同时期育成的代表性品种和地方稻种, 开展遗传演化、群体遗传结构及主成分分析, 发现43份老品种和5份地方稻种的遗传基础较宽, 而50份近期育成的新品种的遗传基础较窄; 遗传演化和系谱分析发现, 老品种大多数含有广场13、南特号、矮仔占、塘埔矮和竹印2号的血缘, 而新品种大多含有IR系列品种、粳籼677、广场矮、中籼3588的血缘。这表明自20世纪90年代以来重视了外引材料的利用, 但忽视了对本地优良种质资源的利用。这可能与20世纪70年代三系杂交稻的兴起有关。因此, 为了确立核心种源的竞争地位, 应重点加强本地优良种质资源的鉴评和利用。
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