作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 2228-2237.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.02228
冯烨1,2,3**,郭峰2,3**,李宝龙2,3,孟静静2,3,李新国2,3,*,万书波2,3,*?
FENG Ye1,2,3,**, GUO Feng2,3,**,LI Bao-Long2,3,MENG Jing-Jing2,3,LI Xin-Guo2,3,*,WAN Shu-Bo2,3,*
摘要:
以大粒型花生品种花育22为试验材料,设每公顷19.5万穴(S1)和22.5万穴(S2) 2个单粒播处理,双粒穴播每公顷15万穴处理为对照进行大田试验,对比单粒精播与双粒穴播对花生耕层根系生长动态、根冠比和产量的影响差异。与对照相比,单粒精播S1处理在开花后50~70 d的根系形态指标和干物质积累动态明显改善,耕层根系长度、体积和吸收面积在0.05水平上显著增加,根系干物质积累量(DMA)和积累速率(DMAR)也明显提高;S1和S2处理开花后40~70 d根冠比明显提高,并保证冠层和荚果较高的DMA和DMAR,通过提高单株生产力,实现群体增产,其中S1处理为佳,可在节种35%的前提下,增产7.98%~8.38%,增产效果显著。本研究说明单粒精播可保证花生根系相对较强的生长优势,协调根冠比,壮个体,强群体,充分发挥单株生产潜力,实现花生高产。
[1]Ling Q-H(凌启鸿), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Ding Y-F(丁艳锋). Theory and Technique of Precise and Quantitative Cultivation for Rice (水稻精确定量栽培理论与技术). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. pp 57–87 (in Chinese)[2]Ling Q-H(凌启鸿). Quality of Crop Population (作物群体质量). Shanghai: Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 2000. pp 42–209 (in Chinese)[3]Ling Q-H(凌启鸿), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Cai J-Z(蔡建中), Sun Z-F(苏祖芳), Ling L(凌励). Investigation on the population quality of high yield and its optimizing control programme in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1993, 26, (6): 1–11 (in Chinese with English abstract)[4]Huang G(黄钢), Tang Y-L(汤永禄). Analysis of the population guality ofwheat sown through precise surface seeding. J Southwest Agric Univ (西南农业学报), 2006, 19(6): 1044–1048 (in Chinese with English abstract)[5]Shen Y-J(沈毓骏), An K(安克), Wang M-L(王铭伦), Chen W-M(陈万民). Studies on the effect of whole increase with seed decrease on srmmer sowing peanut under plastic-film-covered cultivation. J Laiyang Agric Coll (莱阳农学院学报), 1993, (1): 1–4 (in Chinese with English abstract)[6]Zheng Y-P(郑亚萍), Wang C-B(王才斌), Cheng B(成波), Wu Z-F(吴正峰), Jiang S-Q(姜淑庆), Sun X-S(孙秀山), Cheng D-X(陈殿绪). Yield effect and optimized-measure combination of N fertilizer and plant density for different peanut variety types under single-seed planting. Arid Region Agric Res (干旱地区农业研究), 2007, (1): 201–205 (in Chinese with English abstract)[7]Wan S-B(万书波), Zheng Y-P(郑亚萍), Liu D-Z(刘道忠), Cheng B(成波), Wu Z-F(吴正峰), Chen D-X(陈殿绪), Wang C-B(王才斌). Optimization of peanut-wheat intercropping system on date, fertilizer and plant density. Chin J Oil Crop Sci (中国油料作物学报), 2006, 28(3): 319–323 (in Chinese with English abstract)[8]Zheng Y-P(郑亚萍), Xu T-T(许婷婷), Zheng Y-M(郑永美), Sun K-X(孙奎香), Wang C-B(王才斌). Study on single-seed sowing density of peanut under different planting patterns. Subtrop Agric Res (亚热带农业研究), 2012, 8(2): 82–84 (in Chinese with English abstract)[9]Wang C-B(王才斌), Cheng B(成波), Chi Y-C(迟玉成), Sun X-S(孙秀山), Zhang J-M(张吉民), Miao F-Z(苗丰祚), Yu R-E(宇仁娥). Study on population density of high yield peanut under single-seed planting. Peanut Sci Technol (花生科技), 1996, (3): 17–19 (in Chinese with English abstract)[10]Zhao C-X(赵长星), Shao C-L(邵长亮), Wang Y-F(王月福), Song C-X(宋传雪), Wang M-L(王铭伦). Effects of different planting densities on population ecological characteristics and yield of peanut under the mode of single-seed precision sowing. J Agric (农学学报), 2013, 3(2): 1–5 (in Chinese with English abstract)[11]Liu X-B(刘晓冰), Wang G-H(王光华), Jin J(金剑), Zhang Q-Y(张秋英). Research of Crop Rhizosphere and Yield Physiology (作物根际和产量生理研究). Beijing: Science Press, 2010. pp 47–64 (in Chinese)[12]Hong Y-B(洪彦彬), Zhou G-Y(周桂元), Li S-X(李少雄), Liu H-Y(刘海燕), Chen X-P(陈小平), Wen S-J(温世杰), Liang X-Q(梁炫强). Correlation analysis of root and aboveground traits in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Chin J Tropic Crops (热带作物学报), 2009, 30(5): 657–660 (in Chinese with English abstract)[13]Li X-D(李向东), Wang Q-B(王启柏), Zhang G-Y(张高英), Wang S-Y(万善勇). Study on characteristics of vertical distribution of peanut root in the soil. China Oil Crop (中国油料), 1995, (4): 18–22 (in Chinese with English abstract)[14]Yang X-H(杨秀红), Wu Z-P(吴宗璞), Zhang G-D(张国栋). Correlations between characteristics of roots and those of aerial parts of soybean varieties. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2002, 28, (1): 72–75 (in Chinese with English abstract)[15]Li Z-X(李宗新), Chen Y-Q(陈源泉), Wang Q-C(王庆成), Liu K-C(刘开昌), Gao W-S(高旺盛), Sui P(隋鹏). Influence of planting density on root spatio-temporal distribution of different types of maize under high-yielding cultivation conditions. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2012, 38(7): 1286–1294 (in Chinese with English abstract)[16]Feng Y-H(冯跃华), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Buresh R J, Li H-S(李合松), Gao Y(高彧), Xu G-L(许桂玲), Wang S-H(王淑红), Ao H-J(敖和军). Effects of different tillage system on the root properties and the yield in hybrid rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2006, 39(4): 693–701 (in Chinese with English abstract)[17]Yang C-J(杨建昌). Relationships of rice root morphology and physiology with the formation of grain yield and quality and the nutrient absorption and utilization. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2011, 44(1): 36–46 (in Chinese with English abstract)[18]Li X-H(李絮花), Yang S-X(杨守祥), Yu Z-W(于振文), Yu S-L(余松烈). Effects of organic manure application on growth and senescence of root in winter wheat. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2005, 11(4): 467–472 (in Chinese with English abstract)[19]Chen L(陈磊), Wang S-F(王盛锋), Liu R-L(刘荣乐), Wang H(汪洪). Changes of root morphology and rhizosphere processes of wheat under different phosphate supply. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2012(2): 324–331 (in Chinese with English abstract)[20]Yang X-K(杨晓康), Chai S-S(柴沙沙), Li Y-H(李艳红), Zhang J-L(张佳蕾), Zhang F(张凤), Yang C-T(杨传婷), Wang Y-Y(王媛媛), Li X-D(李向东). Effects of drought stress at different growth stages on physiological characteristics of root and pod yield in peanut. J Peanut Sci (花生学报), 2012, 41(2): 20–23 (in Chinese with English abstract)[21]Li S-X(李尚霞), Feng H-S(封海胜), Gong Q-X(宫清轩), Wan S-B(万书波), Li H-J(李华军), Wang S-J(王松娟). Study on root growth characteristic of different type peanut varieties. J Peanut Sci (花生学报), 2005, 34(3): 26–29 (in Chinese with English abstract)[22]Zhao J-L(赵洁丽), Liu Q(刘勤), Zhang B(张斌), Hu F(胡锋), Bi L-D(毕利东). Responses of peanut plants to chemical N application rate on sloping upland red soil of southern China. Chin J Ecol (生态学杂志), 2007, 26(9): 1344–1349 (in Chinese with English abstract)[23]Jin J(金剑), Liu X-B(刘晓冰), Wang G-H(王光华), Li Y-H(李艳华), Pan X-W(潘相文), Herbert S J. Study on relationship between root morphology during reproductive stage yield in soybean. Soybean Sci (大豆科学), 2004, 23(4): 253–257 (in Chinese with English abstract)[24]Wang G-P(王桂平), Li Y-B(李亚兵), Zhang L-Z(张立桢). DT-SCAN in the research of cotton root. China Cotton (中国棉花), 1999, (5): 37–38 (in Chinese with English abstract)[25]Ma X-Y(马元喜). Study on growth dynamic of wheat root in different soil. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1987, (1): 37–44 (in Chinese with English abstract)[26]Lin G-L(林国林), Zhao K(赵坤), Jiang C-J(蒋春姬), Han X-R(韩晓日), Jin L-S(金兰淑). Effect of densities and nitrogen application levels on root growth and yield of peanut. Chin J Soil Sci (土壤通报), 2012, 43(5): 1183–1186 (in Chinese with English abstract)[27]Yu T-Y(于天一), Pang H-C(逄焕成), Ren T-Z(任天志), Li Y-Y(李玉义), Tang H-M(唐海明), Yang G-L(杨光立), Xiao X-P(肖小平), Tang W-G(汤文光). Effects of winter crops on enzyme activity and morphological characteristics of root in subsequent rice crops. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 2012, 32(24): 7894–7904 (in Chinese with English abstract)[28]Merrill S D, Tanaka D L, Hanson J D. Root length growth of eight crop species in Haplustoll soil. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 2002, 66: 913–923[29]Wang X-G(王晓光), Cao M-J(曹敏建), Wang W(王伟), Liu J(刘晶), Pei H-J(裴鹤君), Xing Y(邢洋), Yan H-G(闫洪奎). Effects of potassium concentration in the soil on the morphological and physiological characteristics of soybean root. Soybean Sci (大豆科学), 2005, 24(2): 126–129, 134(in Chinese with English abstract)[30]Guo Q-F(郭庆法), Wang Q-C(王庆成), Wang L-M(汪黎明). Chinese Maize Cultivation (中国玉米栽培学). Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Press, 2004. pp 63–69 (in Chinese)[31]Fu J-M(傅金民), Dong Z(董钻). Relationship between soybean root growth and yield. Soybean Sci (大豆科学), 1987, (4): 261–271 (in Chinese with English abstract)[32]Graham R D. Breeding for nutritional characteristics in cereals. Adv Plant Nutr, 1984, (1): 57–102 |
[1] | 陈锋,李向楠,曹莹莹,孙建喜,张福彦,董中东,崔党群. 小麦puroindoline b-2基因变异与产量相关性状的分析[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(01): 17-21. |
[2] | 景立权,赵福成,王德成,袁建华,陆大雷,陆卫平. 不同施氮水平对超高产夏玉米氮磷钾积累与分配的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2013, 39(08): 1478-1490. |
[3] | 陈颖;徐宝梁;苏宁;葛毅强;王曙光. 实时荧光定量PCR技术在转基因玉米检测中的应用研究[J]. 作物学报, 2004, 30(06): 602-607. |
|