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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 123-130.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00123

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

播期、密度和施氮量对稻茬小麦光明麦1号氮肥表观利用率的调控

徐晖，崔怀洋，张伟，丁锦峰，李春燕，郭文善，朱新开*   

  1. 扬州大学小麦研究中心 / 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室 / 江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心, 江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-13 修回日期:2015-09-06 出版日期:2016-01-12 网络出版日期:2015-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 朱新开, E-mail: xkzhu@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979300
  • 作者简介:朱新开, E-mail: xkzhu@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979300
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271642), 农业部行业科研专项(201503130), 国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B09), 江苏省高校自然科学基金重大项目(13KJA210004), 江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目和江苏扬州农业科技攻关项目(YZ2014166)资助。

Effects of Sowing Date, Density and Nitrogen Application Amount on Nitrogen Utilization Rate of Guangmingmai 1 Grown in Rice–Wheat System

XU Hui,CUI Huai-Yang,ZHANG Wei,DING Jin-Feng,LI Chun-Yan,GUO Wen-Shan,ZHU Xin-Kai*   

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops; Wheat Research Center, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
  • Received:2015-01-13 Revised:2015-09-06 Published:2016-01-12 Published online:2015-10-08
  • Contact: 朱新开, E-mail: xkzhu@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979300
  • About author:朱新开, E-mail: xkzhu@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979300
  • Supported by:

    This research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271642), the Special Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture (201503130), the National Key Technology Support Program of China (2013BAD07B09), the University Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Key Program 13KJA210004), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and Agricultural Scientific and Technological Key Project of Yangzhou (YZ2014166).

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被引次数

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摘要：

提高氮肥利用效率是当前小麦生产中重要的研究方向之一。本研究以光明麦1号为试验品种，利用两年的田间试验结果，采用二次正交旋转组合设计建立回归模型，分析稻茬小麦的氮肥当季表观利用率(utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, NUR)受播期、密度、施氮量组合的调控效应。结果表明，对小麦NUR效应表现为氮肥>播期>密度。在试验条件下，实现高产和高NUR目标，三因素有多种组合模式，其中播期10月28日至11月2日+密度160~180万 hm–2+施氮量200 kg hm–2的组合，其产量为6800~7200 kg hm–2，NUR大于42.0% (最大值为44.8%)，可靠度达到95%; 播期10月21日至27日+密度120~150万 hm–2+施氮量190~225 kg hm–2组合，其产量为6200~7000 kg hm–2，NUR达41.0%以上；播期11月3日至11日+密度210~240万 hm–2+施氮量190~210 kg hm–2组合，其产量为5900~7250 kg hm–2，NUR达39.0%以上。

关键词: 稻-麦轮作制, 氮肥表观利用率, 小麦产量, 农艺措施组合

Abstract:

Improvement of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer (NUR) is one of research focuses in wheat. In a two-year field experiment, the NUR of wheat variety Guangmingmai 1 in the wheat–rice rotation system in response to sowing date (S), density (D), and nitrogen application rate (N) was studied using a mathematical model based on quadratic regression rotation-orthogonal combination design. Among the three factors, nitrogen application rate had the greatest effects on NUR, followed by sowing date and density. Several S+D+N combinations resulted in high yield and high NUR under the experimental conditions. The highest yield level (6800–7200 kg ha–1) was obtained in the combination of S between October 28 and November 2, D between 1.6 and 1.8 million plants per hectare, and N at 200 kg ha–1. Simultaneously, the NUR was higher than 42.0% (the maximum was 44.8%) with a credibility larger than 95%. At the yield level of 6200–7000 kg ha–1 and NUR higher than 41.0%, the optimal S, D and N were 21–27 October, 1.2–1.5 million plants per hectare and 190–225 kg ha–1, respectively. At the yield level of 5900–7250 kg ha–1 and NUR higher than 39.0%, the agronomic practices were recommended to be S between November 3 and November 11, D between 2.1 and 2.4 million plants per hectare, and N between 190 and 210 kg ha–1.

Key words: Rice–wheat rotation system, Utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, Wheat yield, Combination of agronomic practices

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