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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 1570-1576.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01570

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

水分和CO2浓度对冬小麦气孔特征、气体交换参数和生物量的影响

武海霞1,郭丽丽1,郝立华1,张浩2,王清涛3,程东娟1,彭正萍4,李菲1,张茜茜1,李树彬5,徐明6,7,*(),郑云普1,*()   

  1. 1 河北工程大学水利水电学院, 河北邯郸 056038
    2 邯郸学院生命科学与技术学院, 河北邯郸 056005
    3 河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院, 河北邯郸 056038
    4 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 河北保定 071001
    5 邯郸市漳滏河灌溉供水管理处, 河北邯郸 056002
    6 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
    7 中国科学院大学环境与资源学院, 北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-01 接受日期:2018-07-20 出版日期:2018-10-10 网络出版日期:2018-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 徐明,郑云普
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300905)

Effects of Water and CO2 Concentration on Stomatal Traits, Leaf Gas Exchange, and Biomass of Winter Wheat

Hai-Xia WU1,Li-Li GUO1,Li-Hua HAO1,Hao ZHANG2,Qing-Tao WANG3,Dong-Juan CHENG1,Zheng-Ping PENG4,Fei LI1,Xi-Xi ZHANG1,Shu-Bin LI5,Ming XU6,7,*(),Yun-Pu ZHENG1,*()   

  1. 1 School of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China
    2 School of Life Science and Engineering, Handan University, Handan 056005, Hebei, China
    3 School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China
    4 School of Resources and Environment Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
    5 Office of Fu-Zhang River Irrigation and Water Supply Management, Handan 056002, Hebei, China
    6 Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    7 School of Environment and Resources, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Received:2018-02-01 Accepted:2018-07-20 Published:2018-10-10 Published online:2018-08-01
  • Contact: Ming XU,Yun-Pu ZHENG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0300905)

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摘要：

利用可精准控制CO2浓度([CO2])的大型人工气候室, 研究了水分亏缺和[CO2]升高对冬小麦气孔特征、气体交换参数及生物量的影响。结果表明, 水分亏缺导致冬小麦气孔开度减小和气孔空间分布的规则程度降低, 提高[CO2]能够减缓水分亏缺时气孔开度和气孔分布规则程度的下降幅度。与充分灌溉相比, 不同水分亏缺条件下冬小麦的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均显著降低(P<0.05), [CO2]仅可缓解轻度亏水对气体交换过程的影响, 该缓解能力随水分亏缺程度的加剧而降低。水分亏缺降低冬小麦生物量, 但[CO2]升高对水分亏缺时生物量产生的影响不显著(P>0.05)。水分亏缺条件下, 冬小麦通过调整气孔开度和气孔空间分布格局改变叶片的气体交换效率, [CO2]升高对冬小麦产生的“施肥效应”受土壤水分条件的限制。

关键词: CO2浓度倍增, 水分亏缺, 冬小麦, 生物量, 气孔特征, 气体交换参数

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted in environmental growth chambers with accurately controlled CO2 concentrations. Water deficit resulted in the decrease of stomatal openness and more irregular stomatal distribution of winter wheat, and elevated CO2 concentration ([CO2]) mitigated the negative impacts on the morphological traits of individual stoma and spatial distribution of stomata. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of winter wheat significantly decreased (P < 0.05) under water deficits than under full irrigation condition, while elevated [CO2] could mitigate the influence of mild water deficit on leaf gas exchange, and this mitigated effect declined with the increase of water deficit degree. In addition, the biomass of winter wheat was substantially decreased with water deficits but barely affected by elevated [CO2] under water deficits. These results suggested that winter wheat changes its leaf gas exchange by adjusting morphological traits of individual stoma and spatial distribution pattern of stomata under water deficit, and the “CO2 fertilization effect” on winter wheat may be modified by soil water conditions.

Key words: doubling CO2 concentration, water deficit, winter wheat, biomass, stomatal traits, gas exchange parameters

Table 1

Effects of e[CO2] on morphological parameters of individual stoma of winter under water deficit conditions"

图1

不同水分条件下e[CO2]对冬小麦叶片近轴面(A)和远轴面(B)气孔空间分布格局的影响 深蓝色和褐色包迹线之间为气孔空间分布格局的95%置信区间。Lhat (d)表示最小邻域距离, 当Lhat (d)值小于95%置信区间时, 气孔在该尺度为规则分布, 且Lhat (d)的最小值越小, 则气孔空间分布越规则。"

图2

不同水分条件下e[CO2]对冬小麦叶片气体交换参数的影响 A: 净光合反应速率; B: 气孔导度; C: 蒸腾速率; D: 水分利用效率。所有数据为平均值±标准差(n = 5), 误差线上不同字母表示两种[CO2]下8个水分处理之间有显著差异(P<0.05)。"

图3

不同水分条件下e[CO2]对冬小麦生物量的影响 A: 地上生物量; B: 地下生物量; C: 总生物量; D: 根冠比。所有数据为平均值±标准差(n=5)。误差线上不同字母表示两种[CO2]下8个水分处理之间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。"

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