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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 2515-2527.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34149

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

胡麻P5CS基因家族进化模式分析及LusP5CS1基因耐旱能力验证

王玲1(), 张艳萍2, 齐燕妮3, 汪磊1, 李玉骁1, 谭美莲1,*(), 汪魏1,*()   

  1. 1中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 / 农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430062
    2甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
    3甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-05 接受日期:2024-06-20 出版日期:2024-10-12 网络出版日期:2024-07-08
  • 通讯作者: *汪魏, E-mail: wangwei03@caas.cn;谭美莲, E-mail: meiliantan@126.com
  • 作者简介:E-mail: lingw2017@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14-1-17);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS- ASTIP-2016-OCRI);国家油料种质资源平台项目(NCGRC-2023-016)

Divergent evolutionary pattern of P5CS gene family and drought tolerance verification of LusP5CS1 in linseed

WANG Ling1(), ZHANG Yan-Ping2, QI Yan-Ni3, WANG Lei1, LI Yu-Xiao1, TAN Mei-Lian1,*(), WANG Wei1,*()   

  1. 1Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
    2Institute of Biotechnology, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    3Institute of Crop, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2023-09-05 Accepted:2024-06-20 Published:2024-10-12 Published online:2024-07-08
  • Contact: *E-mail: wangwei03@caas.cn;E-mail: meiliantan@126.com
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-14-1-17);Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS- ASTIP-2016-OCRI);National Infrastructure for Crop Germplasm Resources(NCGRC-2023-016)

摘要:

吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)是植物中由P5CS基因编码的一种与干旱胁迫响应紧密联系的关键酶, 它主要负责调节脯氨酸的生物合成。研究胡麻P5CS基因家族进化模式对进一步探索其在胡麻耐旱过程中的作用机制具有重要意义。本研究以拟南芥的2个P5CS基因作为查询序列, 从胡麻、油菜、大豆、花生、向日葵、水稻、小麦等主要粮油作物的基因组中筛选获得P5CS基因家族成员。并通过分析不同作物P5CS基因受选择压力的大小、位点及功能分化潜力等阐明其进化模式, 并在拟南芥中对其进行功能验证。研究结果显示, 与其他作物的同源基因相比, 胡麻P5CS基因家族成员在基因结构和进化模式上存在显著差异。在拟南芥中过表达受正向选择的胡麻LusP5CS1基因可以显著增加转基因拟南芥脯氨酸的积累并增强其耐旱性; 在非干旱胁迫下过表达转基因拟南芥也表现出明显的适合度优势。本研究为胡麻耐旱分子机制和抗旱育种提供了理论基础。

关键词: 胡麻, P5CS基因家族, 系统发育分析, 基因复制, 功能分化

Abstract:

Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), a crucial enzyme encoded by the P5CS gene, plays a key role in the drought stress response in plants, primarily by regulating proline biosynthesis. In this study, we used two P5CS genes from Arabidopsis thaliana as query sequences to meticulously screen and identify members of the P5CS gene family from the genomes of various important grain and oil crops, including linseed, rapeseed, soybean, peanut, sunflower, rice, and wheat. By thoroughly analyzing the selection pressure, specific sites, and functional differentiation potential of P5CS genes across these diverse crops, we gained a comprehensive understanding of their evolutionary patterns. Furthermore, we validated the functions of these genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, a model organism. Our findings revealed significant differences in gene structure and evolutionary patterns among members of the linseed P5CS gene family compared to their homologs in other crops. Notably, overexpressing the positively selected linseed LusP5CS1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in a substantial increase in proline accumulation and enhanced drought resistance in the transgenic plants. Interestingly, even under non-drought stress conditions, the transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana exhibited a notable fitness advantage. This groundbreaking study not only enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying drought resistance but also provides a solid theoretical foundation for breeding drought-tolerant linseed varieties.

Key words: linseed, P5CS gene family, phylogenetic analysis, gene duplication, functional divergence

表1

本研究所用引物"

引物名称
Primer name
引物序列
Primer sequence (5'-3')
用途
Purpose
LusP5CS1-F ATGGAAGATCCAGTTGGTC 基因克隆
Gene cloning
LusP5CS1-R CTATACAGTTATATCCTTGTGGGTG
LusP5CS1-qF CGCGGAGGGCCTTGTCTTA 荧光定量
qRT-PCR
LusP5CS1-qR GATCGCCTGGCCTCTTTT
pRI201-AN-LusP5CS1-F tcttcactgttgata CATATGATGGAAGATCCAGTTGGTCATGTA 过表达载体构建
Construction of overexpression vector
pRI201-AN-LusP5CS1-R ttgctaatcgacggg CATATGCTATACAGTTATATCCTTGTGGGTGTAGA
AtActin-F TGGCCGATGGTGAGGATATT 拟南芥内参基因
Reference gene of Arabidopsis
AtActin-R AACGGCCTGAATGGCAACAT

表2

不同植物P5CS基因家族成员"

物种 Species 基因ID Gene ID
拟南芥Arabidopsis AT2G39800 (AtP5CS1), AT3G55610 (AtP5CS2)
胡麻Linseed Lus10001016 (LusP5CS3), Lus10001018 (LusP5CS1), Lus10004696 (LusP5CS7), Lus10004697 (LusP5CS8), Lus10030158 (LusP5CS4), Lus10040262 (LusP5CS2), Lus10040263 (LusP5CS5), Lus10040264 (LusP5CS6)
油菜Rapeseed Brara.C02032 (BnP5CS3), Brara.D00386 (BnP5CS5), Brara.D02414 (BnP5CS4), Brara.E00599 (BnP5CS1), Brara.I03811 (BnP5CS2)
大豆Soybean Glyma.01G099800 (GmP5CS1), Glyma.02G251100 (GmP5CS3), Glyma.03G069400 (GmP5CS5), Glyma.07G137300 (GmP5CS2), Glyma.14G065600 (GmP5CS4), Glyma.18G034300 (GmP5CS6), Glyma.18G188000 (GmP5CS7)
花生Peanut arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.WS4P7I (AhP5CS3), arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y (AhP5CS6), arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.AXAR8E (AhP5CS1), arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.NA5QFN (AhP5CS4), arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.SCHW0S (AhP5CS5), arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B (AhP5CS2)
向日葵Sunflower HanXRQChr07g0201741 (HaP5CS1), HanXRQChr08g0221191 (HaP5CS2)
水稻Rice Os01g62900 (OsP5CS1), Os05g38150 (OsP5CS2)
小麦Wheat Traes_3DL_3E215D878 (TaP5CS1), Traes_3B_C4683D0FA (TaP5CS3), Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71 (TaP5CS4), Traes_1AL_49393CDA7 (TaP5CS5), Traes_3AL_302AF461E (TaP5CS6), Traes_1BL_31105367B (TaP5CS2)

附表1

不同植物P5CS基因家族成员同源关系"

亚家族
Subfamily
基因
Gene
直系同源基因
Orthologous genes
P5CS1 AtP5CS1 AhP5CS3, AhP5CS1, AhP5CS4, BnP5CS3, BnP5CS4, BnP5CS1, GmP5CS5, GmP5CS1, GmP5CS3, GmP5CS4, GmP5CS6, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS1, TaP5CS6, TaP5CS3, LusP5CS6, LusP5CS7, LusP5CS2, HaP5CS1
AhP5CS3 GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, HaP5CS1, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
AhP5CS5
AhP5CS1
AhP5CS4 GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, HaP5CS1, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
BnP5CS3
BnP5CS4 OsP5CS1, GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, HaP5CS1, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
BnP5CS1
GmP5CS5 AhP5CS3, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, HaP5CS1, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
GmP5CS1
GmP5CS3
GmP5CS4 HaP5CS1, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
GmP5CS6 GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, BnP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, HaP5CS1, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
OsP5CS1
TaP5CS1
TaP5CS6 OsP5CS1, GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, HaP5CS1, LusP5CS2, LusP5CS6
TaP5CS3 GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, HaP5CS1
LusP5CS6
LusP5CS7 GmP5CS1, GmP5CS6, GmP5CS3, BnP5CS1, OsP5CS1, TaP5CS3, TaP5CS6, HaP5CS1
LusP5CS2
HaP5CS1
P5CS2 AtP5CS2 AhP5CS2, AhP5CS6, BnP5CS5, BnP5CS2, GmP5CS2, GmP5CS7, OsP5CS2, TaP5CS5, TaP5CS4, TaP5CS2, HaP5CS2, LusP5CS5, LusP5CS8, LusP5CS3, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1
AhP5CS2 GmP5CS2, GmP5CS7, OsP5CS2, TaP5CS2, BnP5CS2, HaP5CS2, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
AhP5CS6
BnP5CS5
BnP5CS2 GmP5CS2, GmP5CS7, OsP5CS2, TaP5CS2, HaP5CS2, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
GmP5CS2 OsP5CS2, TaP5CS2, HaP5CS2, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
GmP5CS7
OsP5CS2 TaP5CS2, HaP5CS2, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
TaP5CS5
TaP5CS4
TaP5CS2 HaP5CS2, LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
HaP5CS2 LusP5CS4, LusP5CS1, LusP5CS5
LusP5CS5
LusP5CS8
LusP5CS3
LusP5CS4
LusP5CS1

图1

P5CS保守基序和功能结构域"

附图1

基于最大似然法构建的P5CS系统发育树"

图2

不同植物P5CS系统发育关系分析 使用P5CS基因蛋白序列构建的系统发育树。a: 无根树; b: 有根比例树。蓝色区块表示豆科植物(大豆, 花生), 紫色区块表示十字花科植物(拟南芥, 油菜), 玫红色区块表示亚麻科植物(胡麻), 橙色区块表示菊科植物(向日葵), 黄色区块表示单子叶禾本科植物(水稻, 小麦)。"

图3

胡麻全基因组及P5CS基因的复制 使用胡麻基因组数据分析胡麻全基因组复制。a: 胡麻15条染色体间基因复制情况, 图中每个点代表一个复制基因, 最好同源的点为红色, 部分为蓝色, 其余为灰色; b: 胡麻全基因组复制; c: 胡麻P5CS基因家族成员的复制。"

附表2

P5CS基因复制分析"

物种树节点
Species tree node
基因树节点
Gene tree node
支持率
Support
类型
Type
基因1
Genes 1
基因2
Genes 2
N1 n1 0.125 Hannuus_HanXRQChr12g0369501 Hannuus_HanXRQChr08g0221191 Lusitatissimum_Lus10001016
Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001018
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040262
Lusitatissimum_Lus10004696
Brapa_Brara.D02414.1.p
Brapa_Brara.C02032.1.p
Brapa_Brara.E00599.1.p
Athaliana_AT2G39800.1
Athaliana_AT3G55610.1
Brapa_Brara.D00386.1.p
Brapa_Brara.I03811.1.p
Hannuus_HanXRQChr06g0177501
Gmax_Glyma.07G137300.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.18G188000.1.p
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_2E85568A1.2
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.02CEIS.1
Osativa_LOC_Os01g62900.1
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1
Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Osativa_LOC_Os05g38150.2
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.WS4P7I.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.AXAR8E.1
Gmax_Glyma.01G099800.10.p
Gmax_Glyma.03G069400.2.p
Taestivum_Traes_7DS_9330C9BFD.1
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040263
Lusitatissimum_Lus10004697
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040264
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.NA5QFN.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.SCHW0S.1
Gmax_Glyma.02G251100.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.14G065600.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.18G034300.1.p
Hannuus_HanXRQChr07g0201741
Hannuus n2 1 Terminal Hannuus_HanXRQChr12g0369501 Hannuus_HanXRQChr08g0221191
N1 n3 0.625 Lusitatissimum_Lus10001016 Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468 Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001018
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040262
Lusitatissimum_Lus10004696
Brapa_Brara.D02414.1.p
Brapa_Brara.C02032.1.p
Brapa_Brara.E00599.1.p
Athaliana_AT2G39800.1
Athaliana_AT3G55610.1
Brapa_Brara.D00386.1.p
Brapa_Brara.I03811.1.p
Hannuus_HanXRQChr06g0177501
Gmax_Glyma.07G137300.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.18G188000.1.p
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_2E85568A1.2
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.02CEIS.1
Osativa_LOC_Os01g62900.1
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1
Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Osativa_LOC_Os05g38150.2
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.WS4P7I.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.AXAR8E.1
Gmax_Glyma.01G099800.10.p
Gmax_Glyma.03G069400.2.p
Taestivum_Traes_7DS_9330C9BFD.1
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040263
Lusitatissimum_Lus10004697
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040264
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.NA5QFN.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.SCHW0S.1
Gmax_Glyma.02G251100.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.14G065600.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.18G034300.1.p
Hannuus_HanXRQChr07g0201741
Lusitatissimum n5 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10001016 Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001018
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040262
Lusitatissimum_Lus10004696
Lusitatissimum n6 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10001016 Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001018
Lusitatissimum n7 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10001016 Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468
Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum n8 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10005468 Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019
Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum n9 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10001019 Lusitatissimum_Lus10030158
Lusitatissimum n10 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10040262 Lusitatissimum_Lus10004696
N7 n12 1 STRIDE Brapa_Brara.D02414.1.p Brapa_Brara.C02032.1.p
Brapa_Brara.E00599.1.p
Athaliana_AT2G39800.1
Athaliana_AT3G55610.1
Brapa_Brara.D00386.1.p
Brapa_Brara.I03811.1.p
Brapa n14 1 Terminal Brapa_Brara.D02414.1.p, Brapa_Brara.C02032.1.p
Brapa_Brara.E00599.1.p
Brapa n15 1 Terminal Brapa_Brara.D02414.1.p Brapa_Brara.C02032.1.p
Brapa n17 1 Terminal Brapa_Brara.D00386.1.p Brapa_Brara.I03811.1.p
N1 n18 0.25 Hannuus_HanXRQChr06g0177501 Gmax_Glyma.07G137300.1.p Gmax_Glyma.18G188000.1.p
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_2E85568A1.2
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.02CEIS.1
Osativa_LOC_Os01g62900.1
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1
Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Osativa_LOC_Os05g38150.2
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.WS4P7I.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.AXAR8E.1
Gmax_Glyma.01G099800.10.p
Gmax_Glyma.03G069400.2.p
N1 n20 0.125 Gmax_Glyma.07G137300.1.p Gmax_Glyma.18G188000.1.p Taestivum_Traes_1DL_2E85568A1.2
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.02CEIS.1
Osativa_LOC_Os01g62900.1
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1
Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Osativa_LOC_Os05g38150.2
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Gmax n22 1 Terminal Gmax_Glyma.07G137300.1.p Gmax_Glyma.18G188000.1.p
Ahypogaea n24 1 Terminal Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1 Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.02CEIS.1
Ahypogaea n25 1 Terminal Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.V8868B.1 Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.1W477Y.1
N3 n26 1 STRIDE Osativa_LOC_Os01g62900.1 Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1
Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Osativa_LOC_Os05g38150.2
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1
Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Taestivum n28 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1 Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum_Traes_3AL_302AF461E.1
Taestivum n29 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_3AL_30C0103A0.1 Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2
Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum n30 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_3B_C4683D0FA.2 Taestivum_Traes_3DL_3E215D878.2
Taestivum n32 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_1AL_49393CDA7.1 Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1
Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Taestivum n33 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_1DL_0BB66CF71.1 Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1
Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Taestivum n34 1 Terminal Taestivum_Traes_1BL_31105367B.1 Taestivum_Traes_1AL_014F29DA6.1
Ahypogaea n36 1 Terminal Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.WS4P7I.1 Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.AXAR8E.1
Gmax n37 1 Terminal Gmax_Glyma.01G099800.10.p Gmax_Glyma.03G069400.2.p
Lusitatissimum n41 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10040263 Lusitatissimum_Lus10004697
Lusitatissimum_Lus10040264
Lusitatissimum n42 1 Terminal Lusitatissimum_Lus10040263 Lusitatissimum_Lus10004697
Ahypogaea n44 1 Terminal Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.NA5QFN.1 Ahypogaea_arahy.Tifrunner.gnm1.ann1.SCHW0S.1
Gmax n45 1 Terminal Gmax_Glyma.02G251100.1.p Gmax_Glyma.14G065600.1.p
Gmax_Glyma.18G034300.1.p

表3

P5CS基因选择位点分析"

物种
Species
基因亚家族 Gene subfamilies
P5CS1 P5CS2
拟南芥 Arabidopsis N/A N/A
胡麻 Linseed 356, 357, 361, 365, 366, 367, 368, 369, 379, 382, 383, 394, 396, 397, 401, 402, 405, 406, 410, 414, 415, 418, 421, 422, 425, 459, 462, 540, 551, 555, 581, 600, 604, 607, 608, 609, 611, 613, 614, 629, 630, 634, 637, 650, 652, 655, 659, 660, 661, 664, 666, 667, 669, 672, 884, 885, 889, 892, 896, 900, 902, 904, 905, 906, 907 125, 383, 396, 405, 422, 424, 555, 611, 614, 650, 669, 884, 889, 892, 904, 906
油菜 Rapeseed 584 620
大豆 Soybean 35, 38, 49 635
花生 Peanut 770,775 408
向日葵 Sunflower 455 N/A
水稻 Rice N/A N/A
小麦 Wheat 126 181, 184

图4

P5CS基因家族选择压分析"

表4

胡麻P5CS基因功能分化分析"

亚家族1
Subfamily 1
亚家族2
Subfamily 2
θ
θ-value
亚家族1
Subfamily 1
亚家族2
Subfamily 2
θ
θ-value
P5CS1 (胡麻)
P5CS1 (Linseed)
P5CS1 (大豆)
P5CS1 (Soybean)
0.32±0.05 P5CS2 (胡麻)
P5CS2 (Linseed)
P5CS1 (大豆)
P5CS1 (Soybean)
0.30±0.04
P5CS1 (油菜)
P5CS1 (Rapeseed)
0.24±0.05 P5CS1 (油菜)
P5CS1 (Rapeseed)
0.26±0.08
P5CS1 (花生)
P5CS1 (Peanut)
0.36±0.09 P5CS1 (花生)
P5CS1 (Peanut)
0.25±0.07
P5CS1 (向日葵)
P5CS1 (Sunflower)
0.35±0.04 P5CS1 (向日葵)
P5CS1 (Sunflower)
0.27±0.09
P5CS1 (拟南芥)
P5CS1 (Arabidopsis)
0.29±0.04 P5CS1 (拟南芥)
P5CS1 (Arabidopsis)
0.24±0.05
P5CS1 (水稻)
P5CS1 (Rice)
0.46±0.08 P5CS1 (水稻)
P5CS1 (Rice)
0.49±0.06
P5CS1 (小麦)
P5CS1 (Wheat)
0.49±0.05 P5CS1 (小麦)
P5CS1 (Wheat)
0.32±0.08
P5CS2 (大豆)
P5CS2 (Soybean)
0.42±0.05 P5CS2 (大豆)
P5CS2 (Soybean)
0.28±0.05
P5CS2 (油菜)
P5CS2 (Rapeseed)
0.29±0.07 P5CS2 (油菜)
P5CS2 (Rapeseed)
0.43±0.09
P5CS2 (花生)
P5CS2 (Peanut)
0.17±0.09 P5CS2 (花生)
P5CS2 (Peanut)
0.39±0.05
P5CS2 (向日葵)
P5CS2 (Sunflower)
0.25±0.08 P5CS2 (向日葵)
P5CS2 (Sunflower)
0.25±0.04
P5CS2 (拟南芥)
P5CS2 (Arabidopsis)
0.21±0.04 P5CS2 (拟南芥)
P5CS2 (Arabidopsis)
0.37±0.04
P5CS2 (水稻)
P5CS2 (Rice)
0.18±0.07 P5CS2 (水稻)
P5CS2 (Rice)
0.40±0.02
P5CS2 (小麦)
P5CS2 (Wheat)
0.19±0.06 P5CS2 (小麦)
P5CS2 (Wheat)
0.48±0.08
P5CS2 (胡麻)
P5CS2 (Linseed)
0.25±0.07

附表3

不同植物P5CS基因功能分化分析"

亚家族
Subfamily
物种
Species
θ值θ value
大豆
Soybean
油菜
Rapeseed
向日葵
Sunflower
拟南芥
Arabidopsis
水稻
Rice
小麦
Wheat
P5CS1 花生 Peanut 0.04 ± 0.0.7 0.07 ± 0.05 0.06 ± 0.10 0.03 ± 0.03 0.20 ± 0.05 0.24 ± 0.11
大豆 Soybean 0.03 ± 0.07 0.05 ± 0.07 0.06 ± 0.04 0.16 ± 0.08 0.27 ± 0.08
油菜 Rapeseed 0.04 ± 0.07 0.02 ± 0.04 0.11 ± 0.04 0.28 ± 0.15
向日葵 Sunflower 0.03 ± 0.04 0.20 ± 0.08 0.18 ± 0.07
拟南芥 Arabidopsis 0.24 ± 0.08 0.24 ± 0.11
水稻 Rice 0.03 ± 0.07
P5CS2 花生 Peanut 0.02 ± 0.11 0.05 ± 0.07 0.05 ± 0.08 0.08 ± 0.07 0.21 ± 0.15 0.22 ± 0.15
大豆 Soybean 0.06 ± 0.07 0.07 ± 0.11 0.07 ± 0.05 0.26 ± 0.11 0.22 ± 0.08
油菜 Rapeseed 0.08 ± 0.07 0.07 ± 0.06 0.25 ± 0.14 0.18 ± 0.11
向日葵 Sunflower 0.06 ± 0.04 0.22 ± 0.08 0.20 ± 0.14
拟南芥 Arabidopsis 0.21 ± 0.06 0.18 ± 0.07
水稻 Rice 0.05 ± 0.07

附图2

拟南芥植株LusP5CS1基因表达检测 a:拟南芥植株LusP5CS1基因RT-PCR检测;b:拟南芥植株LusP5CS1基因qRT-PCR检测。M:2000 bp DNA Marker;NC:阴性对照。WT:野生型拟南芥;LusP5CS1-OE:过表达LusP5CS1基因拟南芥。红色曲线为转基因拟南芥,绿色曲线为野生型对照。插入的柱状图表示LusP5CS1基因的表达水平(n=6)。"

图5

过表达胡麻LusP5CS1基因拟南芥表型变化 a~c: 在非干旱(a, b)和干旱胁迫(c)下过表达LusP5CS1基因拟南芥和野生型表型差异; d~f: 干旱及非干旱胁迫下脯氨酸(d)、生物量(e)及种子重量(f)之间的统计结果。WT: 野生型拟南芥; LusP5CS1-OE: 过表达LusP5CS1基因拟南芥。所有的数据点均为平均值±标准误(n = 5); *: P<0.05; **: P < 0.01。"

附表4

转基因拟南芥在干旱胁迫和非干旱胁迫下表型统计"

表型
Phenotype
非干旱胁迫 Non-drought stress 干旱胁迫 Drought stress
野生型
WT
过表达LusP5CS1基因
LusP5CS1-OE
野生型
WT
过表达LusP5CS1基因
LusP5CS1-OE
脯氨酸含量 Proline content (μg g-1) 19.06 ± 4.37 58.30 ± 16.43 48.94 ± 19.05 206.48 ± 60.05
种子重量 Seed weight (g) 0.14 ± 0.02 0.23 ± 0.03 0.08 ± 0.02 0.15 ± 0.02
生物量鲜重 Fresh weight (g) 1.83 ± 0.36 3.00 ± 0.35 1.08 ± 0.11 2.04 ± 0.10
生物量干重 Dry weight (g) 0.19 ± 0.04 0.35 ± 0.08 0.14 ± 0.02 0.34 ± 0.10
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