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作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 389-404.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.51071

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小偃麦辐射诱变种质芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定、筛选及耐盐指标评价

亓青松1，牛翔雨1，刘冰可1，康禄1，王琛1，封德顺1,2,*   

  1. 1 小麦育种全国重点实验室 / 山东农业大学农学院, 山东泰安 271018; 2 农业农村部作物水分生理与抗旱种质改良重点实验室, 山东泰安271018
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-04 修回日期:2025-10-30 接受日期:2025-10-30 出版日期:2026-02-12 网络出版日期:2025-11-11
  • 通讯作者: 封德顺, E-mail: dsfeng@sdau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由2025年泰安市科技创新重大专项(国家级重大创新平台配套)项目(GZ-JSGG04)，山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023MC199)和山东农业大学“双一流”建设项目(SKL81113)资助。

Salt tolerance identification, screening and salt tolerance index evaluation of wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium radiation mutagenesis germplasm at germination and seedling stage

Qi Qing-Song1,Niu Xiang-Yu1,Liu Bing-Ke1,Kang Lu1,Wang Chen1,Feng De-Shun1,2,*   

  1. 1 State Kay Laboratory of Wheat Improvement / College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought-Tolerance Germplasm Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2025-08-04 Revised:2025-10-30 Accepted:2025-10-30 Published:2026-02-12 Published online:2025-11-11
  • Contact: 封德顺, E-mail: dsfeng@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Taian Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project (National Major Innovation Platform Support) 2025 (GZ-JSGG04), the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023MC199) and the Funding for the “Double First Class” Construction Project of Shandong Agricultural University (SKL81113).

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摘要：

我国盐碱地面积非常广泛，土壤盐碱化严重限制了作物的生长，筛选耐盐农作物品种是提高盐碱地利用的重要手段。本研究以40份辐射诱变的小偃麦材料、3份常规品种和小麦-中间偃麦草双体异附加系SN6306为试验材料，以中国春(Chinese Spring, CS)为盐敏感对照、山融3号(Shanrong 3, SR3)为抗盐对照，通过水培培养，综合分析小麦在水培条件下的表型，筛选出小麦芽期和苗期最佳盐处理浓度。采用多元统计方法，对44个试验材料进行苗期和芽期耐盐性评价，将试验材料分为4个等级，其中一级抗盐材料5份(A275、A051等)，二级抗盐材料31份(A079、A262等)，敏感材料7份(A140、A284等)，所用的盐敏感对照小麦CS为高度敏感。同时，利用各个材料的抗盐得分与所测生理指标和生物量指标的相对耐盐系数建立了逐步回归方程，D值=0.033-0.050×K+-S+0.002×Na+-R+0.237×K+-R+0.176×GP+0.139×GR-0.005×PC+0.197×SFW+ 0.088×WCS-0.110×RDW+0.242×SL+0.019×MRL (R2=0.999)，确定了地上部钾、地下部钠、地下部钾、发芽势、发芽率、脯氨酸、苗鲜重、苗含水量、根干重、苗高、最大根长为筛选小麦抗盐材料的显著影响指标。本研究建立了一个小麦抗盐评价的回归方程，有助于对小麦抗盐能力进行评估，筛选出的抗盐和盐敏感材料为进一步分子机制研究以及培育抗盐品种提供了材料基础。

关键词: 培育抗盐品种, 苗期和芽期耐盐性, 辐射诱变, 多元统计, 抗盐评估

Abstract: Saline-alkali land is widespread in China and poses a significant limitation to crop growth. Screening for salt-tolerant crop varieties is a key strategy to enhance the utilization of saline-alkali soils. In this study, 40 radiation-induced wheat–Thinopyrum intermedium lines, three conventional wheat varieties, and the wheat–Th. intermedium disomic addition line SN6306 were used as experimental materials. Chinese Spring (CS) was used as a salt-sensitive control, and Shanrong 3 (SR3) served as a salt-tolerant control. Phenotypic traits were comprehensively analyzed under hydroponic conditions, and the optimal salt treatment concentrations for both germination and seedling stages were determined. Using multivariate statistical analysis, salt tolerance of the 44 experimental materials was evaluated at the seedling and germination stages. Based on the results, the materials were classified into four salt tolerance levels: five highly salt-tolerant lines (e.g., A275, A051), thirty-one moderately salt-tolerant lines (e.g., A079, A262), seven salt-sensitive lines (e.g., A140, A284), with CS identified as highly sensitive. A stepwise regression model was established using the salt tolerance scores and the relative salt tolerance coefficients of physiological and biomass indices: D-value =0.0330.050×K+-S+0.002×Na+-R+0.237×K+-R+0.176×GP+0.139×GR-0.005×PC+0.197×SFW+0.088×WCS0.110×RDW+0.242×SL+0.019×MRL (R2=0.999). Significant indicators for identifying salt-tolerant wheat included potassium content in shoots and roots, sodium content in roots, germination potential and rate, proline content, seedling fresh weight, water content, root dry weight, seedling height, and maximum root length. This study established a reliable regression model for evaluating wheat salt tolerance and identified both salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive lines, providing valuable genetic resources for further research on the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance and for breeding salt-tolerant wheat varieties.

Key words: cultivate salt-resistant varieties, salt tolerance at seedling and bud stage, radiation mutagenesis, multivariate statistics, salt resistance evaluation

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