欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (05): 856-862.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00856

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

增加施钾量对红花大金元烤烟部分生理生化参数及“两黑病”发生的影响

左丽娟1,赵正雄1,*,杨焕文1,段凤云2,王德勋2,徐发华2,吕芬1   

  1. 1云南农业大学烟草学院，云南昆明650201；2云南省烟草公司大理州公司，云南大理671000
  • 收稿日期:2009-12-01 修回日期:2010-02-07 出版日期:2010-05-12 网络出版日期:2010-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 赵正雄, E-mail: zhaozx0801@163.com; Tel: 0871-5220536
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由云南省烟草公司科技项目计划（07A30）资助。

Effect of Increasing K Application Rate on Partial Physiological & Biochemical Parameters and Occurrence of Black Shank and Black Root Rot in Tobacco Variety Hongda

ZUO Li-Juan1,ZHAO Zheng-Xiong1,*,YANG Huan-Wen1,DUAN Feng-Yun2,WANG De-Xun2,XU Fa-Hua2,LU Fen1   

  1. 1 College of Tobacco Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; 2 Dali Tobacco Company, Yunnan Tobacco Company, Dali 671000, China
  • Received:2009-12-01 Revised:2010-02-07 Published:2010-05-12 Published online:2010-03-15
  • Contact: ZHAO Zheng-Xiong,E-mail:zhaozx0801@163.com;Tel:0871-5220536

PDF

1575

被引次数

14

摘要：

针对生产中红花大金元烤烟品种对黑胫病和根黑腐病(俗称“两黑病”)抗性较低的问题，通过田间试验研究了不打杀菌剂条件下增加施钾量(与目前生产推荐187.5 kg K2O hm–2相比，分别增加75和150 kg K2O hm–2)对红花大金元烟株移栽后不同时间段健康烟株烟叶中的总氮、蛋白质、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、总酚和类黄酮含量等生理生化指标及烤烟“两黑病”发病情况的影响。结果表明, 随施钾量增加，烟叶内总氮、蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量下降，而可溶性糖、总酚和类黄酮含量则相反；同时“两黑病”发病情况也呈明显下降趋势。上述指标在对照与高钾处理间差异显著，且上述结果在烟株移栽后不同时间段规律一致。烤后烟叶产量、产值以中钾处理最大，高钾处理次之，对照最小。中、高钾两处理产量比对照分别增加4.49%和1.55%，产值分别增加18.27%和12.34%，中钾处理与对照间差异明显。说明目前红花大金元烤烟生产中的推荐施钾量偏低，应适当增加施钾量以增强烟株抗性，减少“两黑病”病害的发生。就本试验而言，当地施钾量以增加75 kg K2O hm–2(即总量达262.5 kg K2O hm–2)为宜。

关键词: 烤烟, 红花大金元, 抗性, 黑胫病, 根黑腐病

Abstract:

Flue-cured tobacco production plays an important role for the most farmers in Yunnan province. However, farmers are not willing to plant Hongdavariety, partly because the tobacco seedlings are much susceptible to black shank and black root rot even when fertilized with the same ratio of potassium as for the resistant varieties such as K326 and Yun 85. In addition to the genetic difference in resistance, whether potassium application rate recommended for Hongda variety in the production is sufficient to enhance its resistance to diease is not clear. Therefore, three potassium application rates, including 187.5 (CK, recommended in the production), 262.5 and 337.5 kg K2O ha–1, were designed to compare the tobacco seedlings’ resistance to black shank and black root rot in field experiment. The leaves were sampled from healthy tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. var. Hongda) at 33, 41, 62, 69, 76 days after transplanting (DAT), and some physiological-biochemical parameters such as contents of nitrogen, protein, free amino acid, soluble sugar, phenol and flavonoid were determined. Meanwhile, the severity of black shank and black root rot on tobacco plants was recorded in the field at 10-day interval from 24 DAT to 114 DAT. The results showed that the contents of N, protein and free amino acid reduced, the contents of flavonoid, phenol and soluble sugar in leaf increased when potassium application rate was raised. In addition, decreased severity of black shank and black root rot was observed with increasing potassium rate at 44, 54, 64, 74, 84, 94, 104 and 114 DAT. There was significant difference between the two treatments with K2O application rate at 337.5 and 187.5 kg ha–1 respectively in the parameters mentioned above. However, the leaf yield and economic value reached the peak when potassium was applied at 262.5 kg K2O ha–1. Compared with those of the control, the leaf yield and economic value increased by 4.49% and 18.27% respectively in the treatment with potassium application rate at 262.5 kg K2O ha–1, while by 1.55% and 12.34% respectively in the treatment with K2O rate at 337.5 kg ha–1. It suggested that potassium application rate recommended in the production of Nicotiana tabacum L.variety Hongda is inadequate, therefore a relatively higher potassium application rate, i.e. 262.5 kg K2O ha–1 in the experiment, should be preferred to decrease the severity of black shank and black root rot.

Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, Variety Hongda, Potassium, Resistance, Black shank, Black root rot


[1] Zhu X-C(朱贤朝), Wang Y-T(王彦亭), Wang Z-F(王智发). China Tobacco Diseases (中国烟草病虫害). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001. pp 36-45 (in Chinese)

[2] Wang J(王静), Kong F-Y(孔凡玉). Integrated control of tobacco black shank disease. Tob Sci Technol (烟草科技), 2002, 181(8): 45-47 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[3] Kong F-Y(孔凡玉), Zhu X-C(朱贤朝), Shi J-K(石金开), Guo Z-Y(郭振业). Developing tendency causes and control measures of tobacco infections diseases in China. Chin Tob (中国烟草), 1995, 16(1): 31-34 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[4] Rao Y-Y(饶应勇), Sang W-J(桑维钧), Jiang C-Y(姜超英), Wu W-C(吴维春). Occurring character and control technology of thielariopsis basicola of the mulching flue-cured tobacco in Hezhang Guizhou. J Mountain Agric Biol (山地农业生物学报), 2006, 25(4): 370-372 (in Chinese)

[5] Lei Y-H(雷永和), Xu M-L(许美玲), Huang X-Y(黄学跃). Tobacco Variety in Yunnan (云南烟草品种志). Kunming: Yunnan Science and Technology Press, 1999. pp 5-7 (in Chinese)

[6] Wei S-L(魏胜林), Qin X-N(秦煊南). Effecs of nitrogen, potassium and the activity of ployphenol oxidate on the resistance of lemon gummosis. J Southwest Agric Univ (西南农业大学学报), 1996, 18(1): 6-9 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[7] Ruan J-Y(阮建云), Shi Y-Z(石元值), Ma L-F(马立锋), Wu X(吴洵). Effect of K nutrition on the occurrence of typical fungal diseases in tea plant. Soils (土壤), 2003, 35(2): 165-167 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[8] Cai Z-Q(蔡宗启), Lin G(林革), Zheng J-Z(郑加宗). Effect of increasing potassium application rate on the occurrence of stem rot in loquat. J Fujian Agric Sci Technol (福建农业科技), 2001, (5): 35 (in Chinese)

[9] He P(何萍), Li W-J(李文娟), Jin J-Y(金继运). Application of KCl increased corn resistance to stalk rot. Better Crops (高效施肥), 2008, 20(1): 4-8 (in Chinese)

[10] Kettlewell P S, Cook J W, Parry D W. Evidence for an osmotic mechanism in the control of powdery mildew disease of wheat by foliar-applied potassium chloride. Eur J Plant Pathol, 2000, 106: 297-300

[11] Holzmueller E J, Jose S, Jenkins M A. Influence of calcium, potassium, and magnesium on Cornus florida L. density and resistance to dogwood anthracnose. Plant Soil, 2007, 290: 189-199

[12] Bao S-D(鲍士旦). Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis (土壤农化分析). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. pp 264-271 (in Chinese)

[13] Zhuang B-C(庄炳昌), Wang Y-M(王玉民), Xie X-J(谢雪菊), Liao L(廖林), Liu Y-Z(刘玉芝), Xu B(徐豹). Changes of some biochemical characters of soybean with different resistant levels by Cercospora sojina Hara. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1993, 19(6): 567-569 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[14] Teaching Division on Plant Bio-chemistry of Beijing Agricultural University (北京农业大学植物生物化学教研室). Basic Biochemical Experiments (基础生物化学实验). Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 1987. pp 15-17, 34-36 (in Chinese)

[15] Olesen J E, Jorgensen L N, Petersen J, Mortensen J V. Effects of rates and timing of nitrogen fertilizer on disease control by fungicides in winter wheat: 2. Crop growth and disease development. J Agric Sci (Cambridge), 2003, 140: 15-29

[16] Hoffland E, Jeger M J, van Beusichem M L. Effect of nitrogen supply rate on disease resistance in tomato depends on the pathogen. P1ant Soil, 2000, 218: 239-247

[17] Jin X(金霞), Zhao Z-X(赵正雄), Li Z-H(李忠环), Chen R-P(陈荣平), Xu T-Y(徐天养), Xie Y-P(解玉萍), Xu L(许龙), Ou-Yang J(欧阳进), Xu F-H(徐发华). Study on the relationship between the content of nitrogen and some bio-physiological substances at topping and the occurrence of brown spot of tobacco applied with different amount of nitrogen.Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2008, 14(50): 940-946 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[18] Chen Q(陈青). A study on the correlation between several chemical substances and capsicum cultivar resistance to Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Acta Hort Sin (园艺学报), 2002, 29(6): 533-536 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[19] Liu X-Y(刘晓燕), He P(何萍), Jin J-Y(金继运). Advances in effect of potassium nutrition on plant disease resistance and its mechanism. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2006, 12(3): 445-450 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[20] Luo G-F(骆桂芬), Cui J-T(崔俊涛), Zhang L(张莉), Gao Y-F(高郁芳). Relationship between sugar, lignin content and resistance to downy mildew of cucumber. Acta Phytopathol Sin (植物病理学报), 1997, 27(1): 65-69 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[21] Shi Z-Y(石振亚). Preventing cucumber plants from Downy mildew by improving sugar content of plant. J Hebei Agric Coll (河北农学院学报), 1981, 6(4): 60-64 (in Chinese)

[22] Ding J-M(丁九敏), Gao H-B(高洪斌), Liu Y-S(刘玉石), Si L-T(司龙亭). Study on the relationship between resistance to cucumber downy mildew and the content of physiological-biochemical matter in the leaves. Liaoning Agric Sci (辽宁农业科学), 2005, (1): 11-13 (in Chinese)

[23] Liu Q-Y(刘庆元). Preliminary study on mechanism of cucumber varieties’ resistance to downy Mildew. J Henan Agric Coll (河南农学院学报), 1984, (1): 56-60 (in Chinese)

[24] Yun X-F(云兴福). Correlation between the contents of amino acid, sugar and chlorophyll in cucumber tissue and their resistance to downy mildew of cucumber. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin (华北农学报), 1993, 8(4): 52-58 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[25] Jain A K, Yadava H S. Mechanism of blast resistance in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.Gaertn.). Trop Agric, 2004, 81: 73-79

[26] He W(贺伟林业科学), 2004, 40(2): 96-102 (in Chinese with English abstract)), Yin W-L(尹伟伦), Shen R-X(沈瑞祥), Wang X-J(王晓军). Latent infection of fungal pathogens and pathogenesis of Chinese chestnut seed rot. Sci Silvae Sin (

[27] Bhaskar C V, Rao G R, Reddy K B. Effect of nitrogen and potassium nutrition on sheath rot incidence and phenol content in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Indian J Plant Physiol, 2001, 16(3): 254-257

[28] Sharma S R, Kolte S J. Effect of soil-applied NPK fertilizers on severity of black spot disease (Alternaria brassicae) and yield of oilseed rape. Plant Soil, 1994, 167: 313-320

[29] Ruan J Y, Wu X, Haerdter R. Effect of potassium and magnesium nutrition on the quality components of different types of tea. J Sci Food Agric, 1999, 79: 47-52

[30] Dong Y(董艳), Dong K(董坤), Lu Y(鲁耀), Zhou M(周敏), Li X-Q(李秀琼), Chen Y-D(陈云德). Effect of potassium nutrition of flue-cured tobacco leaf on several resistant substances of flue-cured tobacco leaf and wild fire disease. J Yunnan Agric Univ (云南农业大学学报), 2007, 22(3): 361-365 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[31] Zhu H-B(朱宏波), Teng B(腾冰), Gao F-L(高凤兰), Wu Z-P(吴宗璞). Changes of some biochemical characters of soybean with different resistant levels infected SMV1. Acta Agric Boreal-Sin (西北农业学报), 2001, 10(3): 38-40 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[32] Wang F-T(王凤婷), Ai X-Z(艾希珍), Liu J-L(刘金亮), Xu F-K(徐范坤). Effect of potassium fertilization on quality of cucumber in solar-greenhouse. J Shandong Agric Univ (Nat Sic) (山东农业大学学报·自然科学版), 2005, 36(1): 93-96 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[33] Liu H-B(刘洪斌), Mao Z-Y(毛知耘). Effects of different amounts and types of potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. J Southwest Agric Univ (西南农业大学学报), 1996, 18(2): 174-178 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[34]

[34]Yang X E, Liu J X, Wang W M, Ye Z Q, Luo A C. Potassium internal use efficiency relative to growth vigor, potassium distribution, and carbohydrate allocation in rice genotypes. J Plant Nutr, 2004, 27: 837-852

[35] Yamada S, Osaki M, Shinano T,Yamada M, Ito M, Permana A T. Effect of potassium nutrition on current photosynthesized carbon distribution to carbon and nitrogen compounds among rice, soybean, and sunflower. J Plant Nutr-1973, 2002, 25: 1957

[36] Cao M-J(曹敏建), Dai J-Y(戴俊英), Qiu Z-Q(邱忠祥), Shang X-X(尚欣欣). The effect of potassium on the leaf substance metabolism and yield of maize. J Shenyang Agric Univ (沈阳农业大学学报), 1992, 23(1): 7-16 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[37] Shi Z-S(史振声), Zhang X-H(张喜华). Effects of potash fertilizer on grain quality of sweetcorn and its sugar content of stalk. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 1994, 2(1): 76-80 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[38] Jiao X-Y(焦晓燕). Studies on characteristics of nutritive absorption and N, K nutrition on plant growth of cucumber in sheltered ground. Shanxi Agric Sci (山西农业科学), 1997, 25(3): 60-64 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[39] Xu Y-Y(许艳云), Zhang Q-D(张求东), Xiao H-R(肖辉荣), Zhang G-Z(张广照).Field experiments of controlling wheat diseases by increasing K fertilizer and controlling N fertilizer. China Plant Protection (中国植保导刊), 2007, 27(8): 9-11 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[40] Wang J-L(王进录). Effect of potassium application rate on the occurrence of tobacco brown spot disease. Shanxi Agri Sci (陕西农业科学), 1998, (5): 21-22 (in Chinese)

[41] Zhao J-M(赵久明), Dai J-J(戴建军), Ding W(丁伟). Study on the effect of different K level on the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. JNortheast Agric Univ (东北农业大学学报) , 1999, 30(1): 41-43 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[42] Lin K-H(林克惠), Zhan Y-S(战以时), Li Y-M(李永梅). Effectof various rates of potassium fertilizer on the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves. JYunnna Agric Univ (云南农业大学学报), 1994, 9(2): 112-118 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[43] Yan H-H(颜合洪), Hu X-P(胡雪平), Zhang J-T(张锦韬), Wang X(王翔), Zhou W-C(周万春). Effects of different potassium levels on the flue-cured tobacco growth and quality. JHunna Agric Univ (Nat Sci) (湖南农业大学学报·自然科学版), 2005, 31(1): 20-23 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[44] Wu W(吴巍), Zhang K(张宽), Wang X-F(王秀芳), Sun S-R(孙淑荣), Wang L-C(王立春). Effect of K application for increasing yield and income and its utilization ratio on corn. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 1998, 6(1): 61-65 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Han L-J(韩立军). Effect on dry substantial accumulations and yield of maize in different K fertilizer levels. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2006, 14(5): 127-129 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 鲁雅妮, 丁超杰, 张煜, 杜习军, 齐学礼, 胡琳, 许为钢. 河南省200份小麦品种苗期茎基腐病抗性鉴定与全基因组关联分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 363-375.
[2] 苏爱国, 肖森林, 易红梅, 段赛茹, 王帅帅, 张如养, 邢锦丰, 李春辉, 孙轩, 徐瑞斌, 徐田军, 李志勇, 张勇, 王荣焕, 宋伟, 赵久然. 玉米穗腐病的抗性遗传研究进展与育种应用[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(1): 1-13.
[3] 董丽华, 董成艳, 李正楠, 余静, 叶靓, 刘芳, 谭静. 玉米禾谷镰孢穗腐病抗性候选基因的筛选与鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(1): 131-147.
[4] 朱锦程, 杨秋华, 程李香, 李文丽, 石明明, 李惠霞, 张峰. 马铃薯抗南方根结线虫种质资源筛选及相关生理反应分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(9): 2307-2317.
[5] 高梦娟, 赵贺莹, 陈家辉, 陈晓倩, 牛萌康, 钱琪润, 崔陆飞, 邢江敏, 银庆淼, 郭雯, 张宁, 孙丛苇, 阳霞, 裴丹, 贾奥琳, 陈锋, 余晓东, 任妍. 小麦抗纹枯病新位点Qse.hnau-5AS的定位及其候选基因鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2240-2250.
[6] 杨双, 白磊, 郭华春, 缪亚生, 李俊. 马铃薯叶片表皮毛形态特征、类型与发育过程[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(6): 1582-1598.
[7] 晋高锐, 吴小丽, 邓丽, 陈玉宁, 喻博伦, 郭建斌, 丁膺宾, 刘念, 罗怀勇, 陈伟刚, 黄莉, 周小静, 淮东欣, 谭家壮, 姜慧芳, 任丽, 雷永, 廖伯寿. 兼抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒高油酸花生新种质的创制与评价[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(3): 687-895.
[8] 张正康, 苏延红, 阮孙美, 张敏, 张攀, 张慧, 曾千春, 罗琼. 疣粒野生稻中OgXa13的克隆和功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(2): 334-346.
[9] 苏晴芳, 孙小钊, 林杨, 付艳苹, 程家森, 谢甲涛, 姜道宏, 陈桃. 嗜线虫沙雷氏菌Serratia nematodiphila TG10增强油菜耐盐碱能力[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(2): 358-369.
[10] 谢留杰, 段敏, 杨勇, 潘晓飚, 马伯军, 黄善军, 陈析丰. 抗白叶枯病广亲和恢复系的创制及杂交育种应用研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(12): 3133-3143.
[11] 徐晓伟, 冯晶, 王凤涛, 童朝阳, 张建周, 李春盈, 蔺瑞明. 小麦地方品种蚕老麦成株抗条锈病QTL定位[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(11): 2933-2943.
[12] 肖森林, 阙凡, 周治寰, 张海霞, 邢锦丰, 朱祥彰, 张彦冰, 张楠, 孙轩, 王荣焕, 宋伟, 王维香, 赵久然. 一种玉米穗腐病新病原棘孢木霉的分离与鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(10): 2605-2618.
[13] 马骏, 陈锋, 殷贵鸿, 胡海燕, 魏学宁, 解超杰, 孔令让. 小麦抗茎基腐病遗传育种研究的现状与展望[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(10): 2559-2569.
[14] 叶靓, 朱叶琳, 裴琳婧, 张思颖, 左雪倩, 李正真, 刘芳, 谭静. 联合全基因组关联和转录组分析筛选玉米拟轮枝镰孢穗腐病的抗性候选基因[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(9): 2279-2296.
[15] 黄林玉, 张潇月, 李豪, 邓梅, 康厚扬, 魏育明, 王际睿, 蒋云峰, 陈国跃. 小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性QTL定位及其育种效应解析[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(9): 2167-2178.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2