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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 1047-1057.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01047

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

超级稻甬优12不同产量水平群体的钾素营养特性

韦还和1,孟天瑶1,李超1,张洪程1,*,戴其根1,*,马荣荣2,王晓燕3,杨筠文4   

  1. 1扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心 / 江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室, 江苏扬州 225009; 2 浙江省宁波市农业科学院作物研究所, 浙江宁波 315101; 3浙江省宁波市种子公司, 浙江宁波315101; 4浙江省宁波市鄞州区农业技术服务站, 浙江宁波 315100
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-13 修回日期:2016-03-14 出版日期:2016-07-12 网络出版日期:2016-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 张洪程, E-mail: hczhang@yzu.edu.cn; 戴其根, E-mail: qgdai@yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102), 农业部超级稻专项(02318802013231), 宁波市重大科技项目(2013C11001), 江苏省重点研发项目(BE2015340), 扬州大学研究生创新培养计划项目(KYLX15_1371), 扬州大学科技创新培育基金(2015CXJ042)和基于模型与GIS的高邮市小麦精确管理和诊断调控技术的开发与示范推广(SXGC[2013]248)资助。

Potassium Nutrition Characteristics in Different Yield Populations of Super Rice Yongyou 12

WEI Huan-He1,MENG Tian-Yao1,LI Chao1,ZHANG Hong-Cheng1,*,DAI Qi-Gen1,*,MA Rong-Rong2,WANG Xiao-Yan3,YANG Jun-Wen4   

  1. 1 Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; 2 Crop Research Institute, Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315101, China; 3 Ningbo Seed Company of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315101, China; 4 Agricultural Technology Extension and Service, Yinzhou District, Ningbo 315101, China
  • Received:2015-11-13 Revised:2016-03-14 Published:2016-07-12 Published online:2016-04-13
  • Contact: 张洪程, E-mail: hczhang@yzu.edu.cn; 戴其根, E-mail: qgdai@yzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by China Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303102), the Special Program of Super Rice of the Ministry of Agricultural (02318802013231),the Great Technology Project of Ningbo City (2013C11001), the Key Projects of Jiangsu Province (BE2015340), Innovative Training Program of Yangzhou University (KYLX15_1371), Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Yangzhou University (2015CXJ042), and Precise Diagnosis and Management of Control Technology Based On Modelling and GIS of Gaoyou City (SXGC[2013]248).

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摘要：

2013—2014年，以超级稻甬优12不同产量群体为研究对象，系统比较研究甬优12高产(10.5~12.0 t hm-2)、更高产(12.0~13.5 t hm-2)、超高产(>13.5 t hm-2)3个产量群体的钾素吸收与积累特征差异。结果表明：(1)甬优12超高产、更高产和高产群体的两年平均产量分别为13.9、12.6和10.8 t hm-2。(2)拔节期植株含钾量呈高产群体>更高产群体>超高产群体；抽穗期和成熟期植株含钾量呈超高产群体>更高产群体>高产群体；拔节期3个产量群体间钾素吸收量差异不显著，超高产群体抽穗期和成熟期钾素吸收量分别为364.1 kg hm-2和374.6 kg hm-2，显著高于更高产(326.7 kg hm-2、331.1 kg hm-2)和高产群体(282.8 kg hm-2、284.1 kg hm-2)。(3)随产量上升，植株钾素积累量播种至拔节期随之下降，而拔节至抽穗期随之增加。播种至拔节期钾素积累量与产量呈极显著线性负相关，拔节至抽穗期钾素积累量与产量呈极显著线性正相关。(4)与对照相比，甬优12超高产群体抽穗期和成熟期茎鞘、叶片和穗部钾素吸收量较高且与产量呈显著或极显著线性正相关。(5)与对照相比，尽管甬优12超高产群体钾素吸收总量较高，但其籽粒生产率和钾素偏生产力较低，表明甬优12超高产群体钾素利用率较低，在今后甬优12超高产栽培管理中应重视钾肥的高效利用。最后就提高甬优12超高产群体钾素吸收利用的措施进行了探讨。

关键词: 超级稻, 甬优12, 不同产量群体, 钾素吸收、积累

Abstract:

A field experiment was conducted using super rice Yongyou 12 to compare the differences in absorption and accumulation characteristics of potassium among high yield population (HY, 10.5–12.0 t ha-1), higher yield population (HRY, 12.0–13.5 t ha-1), and super high yield population (SHY, ≥13.5 t ha-1) in 2013 and 2014. Results followed that, on an average across two years, grain yield of SHY was 13.9 t ha-1, significantly higher than that of HRY (12.5 t ha-1) and HY (10.9 t ha-1). HY showed higher K content in plants, followed by HRY and SHY, with no significant difference among them. K content at heading and maturity stages, showed a trend of SHY> HRY > HY, whileK uptake amount at jointing stage showed HY>HRY>SHY. K uptake amount at heading stage of SHY was 364.1 kg ha-1, significantly higher than that of HRY (326.7 kg ha-1) and HY (282.8 kg ha-1), respectively. K uptake amount at maturity stage of SHY was 374.6 kg ha-1, significantly higher than that of HRY (331.1 kg ha-1) and HY (284.1 kg ha-1), respectively. With increasing grain yield, K accumulation amount decreased from sowing to jointing stage, while increased from jointing to heading. Very significantly negative linear relationship was observed between K accumulation amount from sowing to jointing and grain yield. Very significantly positive linear relationship was observed between K accumulation amount from jointing to heading and grain yield. Compared with HY and HRY, SHY showed higher K uptake amount in the stem and sheath, leaf, and panicle at heading and maturity stages, which wassignificantly or very significantly and positivelycorrelated with grain yield. SHY showed higher K uptake amount but lower internal nutrient efficiency and K partial productivity, indicating its relatively lower K use efficiency, when compared with HY and HRY. Great attention should be paid for increasing K use efficiency in production of rice. Methods to improve K use efficiency in SHY of Yongyou 12 were discussed.

Key words: Super rice, Yongyou 12, Different yield populations, Accumulation and absorption characteristics of potassium

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