作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 2258-2267.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01081
HU Xin-Hui1(), GU Shu-Bo1, ZHU Jun-Ke3, WANG Dong2,*()
摘要:
为探明分期施钾对不同质地土壤麦田冬小麦产量形成的调节作用, 本研究以高产冬小麦品种太麦198为试验材料, 在沙壤土(S)和粉壤土(F)两种土壤质地试验田上, 设置不施钾肥(K0)、钾肥全部底施(100%于播种期底施, K1)和分期施钾(50%于播种期底施+50%于拔节期追施, K2) 3个处理。分析不同质地土壤条件下分期施钾对冬小麦旗叶光合特性、干物质积累与分配及籽粒产量的影响, 结果表明, 土壤质地和施钾方式互作显著影响了小麦穗粒数、花后同化干物质量和籽粒产量。在两种质地土壤条件下, 施钾显著提高冬小麦籽粒产量, 且以K2处理产量最高。与K1处理相比, K2处理穗粒数及开花后旗叶叶绿素相对含量、花后旗叶净光合速率、花后单茎干物质积累量和花后同化物向籽粒转运量均提高。在沙壤土条件下K2处理较K1处理两年度籽粒产量分别增加12.4%和10.4%, 在粉壤土条件下籽粒产量分别增加5.2%和5.4%, 说明在两种土壤质地条件下, 改钾肥全部底施为50%底施+50%拔节期追施均有显著增产作用, 但以沙壤土麦田小麦增产幅度较大。
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