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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (1): 1-11.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.23018

• 综述 •    下一篇

营养导向型作物新品种选育与审定现状、问题与展望

朱大洲1,3(), 武宁1,3, 张勇2, 孙君茂1,*(), 陈萌山1,*()   

  1. 1农业农村部食物与营养发展研究所, 北京 100081
    2中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081
    3成都大学, 四川成都 610000
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-25 接受日期:2022-07-21 出版日期:2023-01-12 网络出版日期:2022-08-16
  • 通讯作者: 孙君茂,陈萌山
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zhudazhou@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务项目(CAAS-XTCX20190025);青年英才专项(ASTIP2022B-3)

Current situation, issues, and prospects of breeding and approval of new varieties of nutrition-oriented crops

ZHU Da-Zhou1,3(), WU Ning1,3, ZHANG Yong2, SUN Jun-Mao1,*(), CHEN Meng-Shan1,*()   

  1. 1Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
    3Chengdu University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2022-02-25 Accepted:2022-07-21 Published:2023-01-12 Published online:2022-08-16
  • Contact: SUN Jun-Mao,CHEN Meng-Shan
  • Supported by:
    Major Scientific Research Task of the Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-XTCX20190025);Youth Talents Project(ASTIP2022B-3)

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摘要：

随着我国经济社会的发展和人民生活水平的不断提高, 消费者对饮食的要求已经从单纯追求温饱和口感向营养和健康转变, 居民膳食结构转型升级需求十分迫切, 营养和健康品质导向的作物育种势在必行。本文从我国农作物育种目标的变迁出发, 阐述了国内外营养导向型作物育种研究进展情况, 梳理了我国作物育种中关注的营养品质指标, 分析了作物新品种审定中已涉及的营养指标和存在的问题。结合消费需求, 提出把营养指标纳入现行作物品种审定体系的建议与展望, 以推动作物营养品质育种的快速发展, 从源头支撑居民营养改善和“健康中国”建设。

关键词: 农产品, 膳食结构, 营养品质, 作物育种

Abstract:

With China’s economic and social development and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the consumers’ diet preference has switched from purely pursuing food taste to more nutrition and health demand, resulting in an urgent need for a transformation and upgrading of the current dietary structure to match the new trend. Correspondingly, nutrition and health-oriented crop breeding is imperative. This review aims to elaborate the research progresses in nutrition-oriented crop breeding in the world with the evolving goals of crop breeding in China, to sort out the nutritional quality indicators dominating in crop breeding globally, and to analyze the problems in existing nutritional indicators involved in the approval of new crop varieties in China. In conclusions, nutritional indicators combined with the consumer nutritional demand are put forward to the current examination and verification system of existing and new crop varieties in China and thus to promote the rapid development of crop nutritional breeding and support the nutrition demand of consumers and the construction of “Healthy China” from the source.

Key words: agricultural products, feeding structure, nutritional quality, crop breeding

表1

典型营养型作物新品种"

作物种类
Crop type		 品种名称
Variety name		 品种类型
Variety type		 营养指标
Nutritional indicator		 营养素含量
Nutrient content
甘薯
Sweetpotato		 浙紫薯5号 Zhezishu 5 高花青素
High anthocyanin		 ≥0.4 mg g-1 0.4049 mg g-1
湛紫薯3号 Zhanzishu 3 0.4603 mg g-1
绵紫薯9号Mianzishu 9 0.5597-0.7653 mg g-1
福薯317 Fushu 317 1.0019 mg g-1
东风8号Dongfeng 8 2.322 mg g-1
福菜薯23 Fucaishu 23 0.7 mg g-1
福宁紫3号 Funingzi 3 0.41 mg g-1
浙薯81 Zheshu 81 高胡萝卜素
High carotene		 ≥0.1 mg g-1 0.1603 mg g-1
普薯32 Pushu 32 0.173 mg g-1
徐渝薯34 Xuyushu 34 0.1137 mg g-1
福宁薯12 Funingshu 12 0.1013 mg g-1
花生
Peanut		 濮花666 Puhua 666 高油酸
High oleic acid		 ≥70% 80.2%
菏花16 Hehua 16 80.9%
顺花1号 Shunhua 1 79.6%
中花27 Zhonghua 27 79.45%
花育9111 Huayu 9111 80.4%
正花6号 Zhenghua 6 81.50%
吉农花2号 Jinonghua 2 81.30%
玉米
Corn		 鲁玉13 Luyu 13 高赖氨酸
Homolysine		 ≥0.4% 9.31%
本高4号 Bengao 4 0.5%
辽单678 Liaodan 678 0.44%
农科糯336 Nongkenuo 336 高叶酸
High folic acid		 ≥1.2 mg g-1 3.47 mg g-1
京科糯569 Jingkenuo 569 3 mg g-1
农科玉368 Nongkeyu 368 2.446 mg g-1
油菜
Rape		 德核杂油8号 Dehezayou 8 低芥酸
Low erucic acid		 芥酸含量不超过脂肪酸组成3%
Erucic acid content does not exceed 3% of fatty acid composition		 0.20%
中双9号 Zhongshuan 9 0%
周油796 Zhouyou 796 0.3%
大豆
Soybean		 吉育257 Jiyu 257 高蛋白
High protein		 ≥43% 43.66%
克豆48 Kedou 48 44.34%
牡豆15 Mudou 15 45.08%
秦豆2014 Qindou 2014 47.79%
小麦
Wheat		 山农101 Shannong 101 高麦黄酮
High Tritoflavones		 1.013 mg kg-1
山农48 Shannong 48 高叶黄素
High lutein		 12.8 μg g-1
济麦8040 Jimai 8040 7.6 μg g-1
彩麦08 Caimai 08 高花青素
High anthocyanin		 4.0 μg g-1
水稻 Rice 浙大锌稻 Zhedaxindao 高锌 High zinc ≥30 mg kg-1 32.4 mg kg-1
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