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Screening of potato germplasm for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and analysis of related physiological responses

ZHU Jin-Cheng1,YANG Qiu-Hua1,CHENG Li-Xiang1,LI Wen-Li2,SHI Ming-Ming3,LI Hui-Xia3,*,ZHANG Feng1,*   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University / Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; 2 College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; 3 College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2024-12-31 Revised:2025-06-01 Accepted:2025-06-01 Published:2025-06-10
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Gansu Province Higher Education Industry Support Program (2023CYZC-44) and the Gansu Province University Science and Research Innovation Platform (2024CXPT-01). 

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Abstract:

This study aimed to identify potato germplasm with resistance to Meloidogyne incognita and to analyze their physiological defense responses, thereby providing a theoretical basis for breeding nematode-resistant potato varieties and enriching pest-resistant germplasm resources. Molecular identification of nematodes was performed using the universal primer pair D2A/D3B and the M. incognita-specific primer pair Inc-K14-F/Inc-K14-R. A total of 54 wild potato introgression lines and 31 cultivated varieties were inoculated with M. incognita, and the numbers of egg masses and root galls were recorded 35 days after inoculation. The egg index (EI), gall index (GI), and disease index (DI) were calculated to evaluate resistance. Following preliminary screening, non-inoculated resistant and susceptible materials were used as controls, and the contents of lignin, jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) in roots were measured at 3, 7, and 35 days post-inoculation to analyze the physiological responses of resistant potato root systems to M. incognita. The results revealed significant variation in egg mass and root gall numbers, EI, and GI among the 85 potato genotypes. Based on DI values, materials were categorized into four resistance levels: highly resistant (1 < DI ≤ 2), moderately susceptible (4 < DI ≤ 5), susceptible (5 < DI ≤ 6), and highly susceptible (DI > 6). The wild introgression line 232-8 was identified as highly resistant (DI = 1.01); lines 232-9 (DI = 4.02), 315-53 (DI = 4.09), and 390-10 (DI = 4.33) were moderately susceptible; while lines 364-3 (DI = 5.17), 19-2 (DI = 5.28), 53-1 (DI = 5.88), and 317-8 (DI = 5.88) were susceptible. The remaining 77 genotypes were highly susceptible, with DI values ranging from 6.13 to 74.26; Tianshu 12 showed the highest DI (74.26). Following M. incognita inoculation, line 232-8 exhibited significantly higher root contents of lignin, JA, and SA compared with Tianshu 12. Lignin content peaked at 35 days post-inoculation (476.18 mg g?1), while JA and SA contents peaked at 7 days (10.80 ng g?1 and 1623.15 ng g?1, respectively). These results suggest that wild potato introgression line 232-8 is resistant to M. incognita, and the significant induction of lignin, JA, and SA following nematode invasion may contribute to its physiological resistance mechanisms.

Key words: potato, Meloidogyne incognita, introgression lines, resistance screening, physiological resistance

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