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Endangerment assessment of the perennial species G. tabacina and G. tomentella of the genus Glycine Willd. in China

WANG Ke-Jing，LI Xiang-Hua*   

  1. Crop Germplasm Resources Research Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2025-01-22 Revised:2025-04-27 Accepted:2025-04-27 Published:2025-05-14
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Rescue Protection of Rare and Endangered Germplasm Resources of Major Grain and Oil Crops) (2021YFD1200103).

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Abstract:

The wild perennial species G. tabacina (Labill.) Benth. and G. tomentella Hayata are the only two species of the genus Glycine Willd., subgenus Glycine, found in China. Their distribution is limited to the southeastern coastal regions, which also represent the northernmost boundary of their global range. These two species possess significant potential for soybean breeding and have been listed as second-class protected plants—alongside the annual wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. and Zucc.)—in the newly promulgated National List of Key Protected Wild Plants of China. However, their current survival status and endangeredness remain unclear, and it is necessary to determine whether artificial conservation measures are required through a scientific and objective assessment system. In this study, field surveys were conducted across 32 counties (cities or districts) in the coastal regions of Fujian province and Guangdong province to investigate the community ecological characteristics of the two perennial species. AA set of Species Endangerment Assessment System (SEAS) was developed for Chinese perennial Glycine species, based on five key ecological indicators closely related to species survival and capable of reflecting the current status of their populations: extent of regional distribution, regional population frequency, population area, individual density within populations, and the number of potential stressor species involved in community succession. This study represents the first endangered status assessment s of perennial wild soybeans in the southeastern coastal areas of China. The results indicate that G. tomentella in Fujian is currently endangered (red alert level), while G. tabacina in Fujian and G. tomentella in Guangdong are near-endangered (warning level). Both species in China require artificial conservation efforts. Based on field observations that cemetery habitats serve as effective “shelters” for these populations, we propose establishing open-type in-situ conservation areas along the southeastern coast. These areas should primarily consist of long-established village or settlement cemetery communities, supplemented by other suitable community types.

Key words: endangerment assessment, G. tabacina, G. tomentella, perennial wild soybean, southeast coast of China

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