普通小麦-大赖草易位系T5AS-7LrL·7LrS分子细胞遗传学鉴定

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01442

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大赖草对赤霉病具有较好的抗性, 将大赖草赤霉病抗性基因转入普通小麦, 对拓宽小麦赤霉病抗性基础有重要意义。本研究在获得抗赤霉病普通小麦-大赖草异附加系基础上, 采用 ⁶⁰Co-γ射线(1200 Rad, 剂量率100 Rad min ^-1)处理小麦-大赖草二体附加系DA7Lr, 并用处理后的花粉授给去雄的普通小麦中国春, 对其M₁代种子根尖细胞有丝分裂中期染色体进行GISH分析, 获得1株具有一条普通小麦-大赖草易位染色体的植株, 对其自交后代中具有2条易位染色体植株的花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I观察发现, 2条易位染色体形成了稳定的环状二价体, 表明该植株为纯合体。利用顺序GISH-双色FISH分析, 结合C-分带、小麦D组专化探针Oligo-pAs1-2和B组专化探针Oligo-pSc119.2-2, 进一步鉴定出该易位系为T5AS-7LrL·7LrS, 同时筛选出可追踪该易位系的3个EST-STS分子标记, 即BE591127、BQ168298和BE591737。该易位系的育成也为小麦赤霉病遗改良提供了新种质。

关键词: 普通小麦-大赖草易位系, 分子细胞遗传学, 赤霉病抗性, ⁶⁰Co-γ射线

Abstract:

Leymus racemosus is highly resistant to wheat scab. The transfer of resistance genes from L. racemosus to common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is important for broadening the resistant sources against scab in common wheat. In this study, the pollen of DA7Lr, a T. aestivum-L. racemosus disomic addition line with scab resistance, was irradiated with ⁶⁰Co-γ ray at 1200 Rad (100 Rad min ^-1) before pollinating to emasculated T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring. One plant with one translocation chromosome was detected in the M₁ generation by GISH. This plant was then self-pollinated and the pollen mother cells (PMCs) of the offspring plants with two translocation chromosomes were cytologically observed, and one ring bivalent was found at meiotic metaphase I, indicating that the plant with two translocation chromosomes was one translocation homozygote. The translocation line was proved to be T5AS-7LrL·7LrS by C-banding, and sequential GISH-FISH using Oligo-pAs1-2 and Oligo-pSc119.2-2 as probes. Three EST-STS markers (BE591127, BQ168298, and BE591737) were identified to be able to track the T5AS-7LrL·7LrS line. The translocation line also serves as an resistant source against wheat scab in wheat breeding programs.

Key words: Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus translocation line, molecular cytogenetics, scab resistance, ⁶⁰Co-γ ray

王林生,张雅莉,南广慧. 普通小麦-大赖草易位系T5AS-7LrL·7LrS分子细胞遗传学鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(10): 1442-1447.

Lin-Sheng WANG,Ya-Li ZHANG,Guang-Hui NAN. Molecular and Cytogenetic Identification of Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus Translocation Line T5AS-7LrL·7LrS[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(10): 1442-1447.

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引物名称 Primer name	序列 Sequence (5′-3′)		EST染色体 EST chromosome	退火温度 Annealing temperature (°C)
引物名称 Primer name	正向 Froward	反向 Reverse	EST染色体 EST chromosome	退火温度 Annealing temperature (°C)
BE591127	GCAGCTCATCTTCATGGTCA	CGTTGCAGCAATCAGTCCTA	7AS 7BS 7DS	60
BQ168298	GCTCTCGCTCATCATCAACA	CTCGCAATGGTACCAAGGTT	7AS 7BS 7DS	60
BE591737	AGCAGCTAGGAGGGTGTCTG	TAACCGCAGCTTTCTCATCC	7AS 7BS 7DS	60

材料 Material	大田鉴定 Identified in field
材料 Material	2015	2016	2017
中国春 Chinese Spring	35.27	39.58±7.96	30.90±8.92
T5AS-7LrL·7LrS	8.70	11.22±5.12^**	9.67±7.51^**
苏麦3号Sumai 3	3.90	6.35±3.12^**	5.69±2.14^**
绵阳85-45 Mianyang 85-45	49.23	56.32±11.26^**	47.83±13.25^**