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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8): 1258-1265.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94164

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

烟田生态系统碳收支研究

刘青丽1,蒋雨洲1,邹焱2,张云贵1,张恒2,石俊雄2,李志宏1,*()   

  1. 1中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/烟草行业生态环境与烟叶质量重点实验室, 北京 100081
    2贵州省烟草科学研究院, 贵州贵阳 550081
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-05 接受日期:2020-04-15 出版日期:2020-08-12 网络出版日期:2020-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 李志宏
  • 作者简介:E-mail: liuqingli@caas.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家烟草专卖局科技项目(110201402015);国家烟草专卖局科技项目(110201901025[SJ-04]);中国烟草公司贵州省公司科技项目(201802)

The study of carbon budget on field-tobacco ecosystem

LIU Qing-Li1,JIANG Yu-Zhou1,ZOU Yan2,ZHANG Yun-Gui1,ZHANG Heng2,SHI Jun-Xiong2,LI Zhi-Hong1,*()   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Tobacco Quality in Tobacco Industry, Beijing 100081, China
    2Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang 550081, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2019-11-05 Accepted:2020-04-15 Published:2020-08-12 Published online:2020-05-11
  • Contact: Zhi-Hong LI
  • Supported by:
    National Tobacco Monopoly Bureau project(110201402015);National Tobacco Monopoly Bureau project(110201901025[SJ-04]);Guizhou Branch of China Tobacco Corporation Project(201802)

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摘要：

农业生态系统碳平衡对评估陆地生态系统的源和汇具有重要意义, 针对烤烟生长及管理的特殊性, 研究烟田生态系统碳收支, 为提升烟田管理及农业碳汇估算提供依据。本研究以定位试验为平台, 以单施化肥处理为研究对象, 于2015—2017年观测了烤烟生长季的碳收支。研究结果表明, 烤烟生物量平均为(5832.10±537.32) kg hm-2; 烟株碳含量平均为(42.14±0.05)%, 累积固碳量为(2459.25±233.78) kg hm-2。烤烟根系碳占烟株碳比例较高, 平均为24.94%。烤烟生长季湿沉降碳达到了115.32 kg hm-2, 干沉降碳量为6.54 kg hm-2, 两者占根系碳的20.01%。烟生长季碳输出总量为2464.98 kg hm-2, 其中CO2排放碳占碳支出的98.99%, 径流损失碳占支出的0.76%, 淋溶损失碳占支出的0.25%。烟田生态系统对大气而言是弱碳汇, 碳汇量116.13 kg hm-2。虽然烤烟固碳总量相对较低, 但其根系对土壤碳贡献却相对较高。

关键词: 烤烟, 碳收支, 碳汇/源, 碳排放, 大气沉降

Abstract:

The carbon balance of the agricultural ecosystem is of great significance for the assessment of the source and sink of the terrestrial ecosystem. In view of the particularity of the growth and management of flue-cured tobacco, the carbon budget of the field-tobacco ecosystem was studied in order to provide the basis for the improvement of tobacco field management and the estimation of agricultural carbon sink. In this study, the carbon budget was observed with single application of chemical fertilizer using the long-term positioning test station for three years from 2015 to 2017. The results showed that the average cumulative biomass of flue-cured tobacco, the average carbon content of tobacco plant, and the cumulative carbon sequestration were (5832.10 ± 537.32) kg hm-2, (42.14 ± 0.05)%, and (2459.25 ± 233.78) kg hm-2, respectively. The ratio of root carbon to plant carbon was higher, with an average of 24.94%. The wet deposition carbon and the dry deposition carbon were 115.32 kg hm-2 and 6.54 kg hm-2 respectively, both accounting for 20.01% of root carbon amount. The total carbon output in growing season was 2464.98 kg hm-2, in which the CO2 emission expenditure accounts for 98.99%, the runoff carbon expenditure 0.76%, and the leaching carbon accounts for 0.25%. The flue-cured tobacco ecosystem was a weak carbon sink to the atmosphere, with a carbon sink of 116.13 kg hm-2. The total amount of carbon sequestration in flue-cured tobacco was relatively lower, whereas its root system had a relatively higher contribution to soil carbon.

Key words: flue-cured tobacco, carbon budget, carbon sink/source, carbon emission, atmospheric deposition

图1

龙岗长期定位试验站2015-2017年温度和降水量"

图2

测定高秆作物生态系统温室气体排放的组合式采样箱 1: 不锈钢顶箱壁; 2: 气压平衡管; 3: 采样管及三通阀; 4: 温度传感器; 5: 外壁上的隔热材料; 6: 不锈钢平台; 7: 弹性密封材料; 8: 弹性密封材料; 9: 土壤表面; 10: 不锈钢底座壁; 11: 植株。"

图3

土壤淋溶水收集装置"

图4

烤烟不同部位碳含量"

图5

烤烟固碳量及其分配"

表1

试验区碳沉降量汇总表"

时间
Time		 湿沉降Wet deposition 干沉降Dry deposition 总计
Total
(kg hm-2)
降雨量
Rainfall
(mm)		 碳浓度
Concentration
(mg L-1)		 沉降碳
Carbon
(kg hm-2)		 灰尘
Dust
(kg hm-2)		 碳浓度
Concentration
(mg g-1)		 沉降碳
Carbon
(kg hm-2)
5月May 129.10 7.65 9.88 91.56 18.24 1.67 11.55
6月June 213.90 17.38 37.17 51.87 11.45 0.59 37.76
7月July 146.00 29.26 42.72 26.87 20.72 0.56 43.27
8月August 169.90 8.88 15.08 382.17 3.91 1.49 16.58
9月September 10.70 97.91 10.48 40.95 54.30 2.22 12.70
全年Whole year 1154.10 17.21 198.64 1444.00 21.72 31.37 230.00

图6

烟田生态系统CO2排放动态"

图7

不同年份CO2排放量"

图8

烟田生态系统碳输出途径及贡献"

图9

烟田生态系统碳平衡"

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