欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (02): 343-349.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00343

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期稻-稻-绿肥轮作对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响

高菊生1,2,徐明岗1,董春华1,2,3,*,黄晶1,2,曹卫东1,曾希柏4,文石林1,2,聂军5   

  1. 1 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 / 农业部作物营养与施肥重点开放实验室，北京100081；2 中国农业科学院红壤实验站，祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站，湖南祁阳426182；3 湖南农业大学资源环境学院，湖南长沙410128；4 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 / 农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-15 修回日期:2012-10-09 出版日期:2013-02-12 网络出版日期:2012-12-11
  • 通讯作者: 董春华, E-mail: dch200707@yahoo.com.cn, Tel: 15907483751
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201103005, 201203030)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD05B05)资助。

Effects of Long-Term Rice-Rice-Green Manure Cropping Rotation on Rice Yield and Soil Fertility

GAO Ju-Sheng1,2,XU Ming-Gang1,DONG Chun-Hua1,2,3,*,HUANG Jing1,2,CAO Wei-Dong1,ZENG Xi-Bai4,WEN Shi-Lin1,2,NIE Jun5   

  1. 1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 2 Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiyang 426182, China; 3 College of Resource and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; 4 Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Climate Change, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 5 Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China
  • Received:2012-05-15 Revised:2012-10-09 Published:2013-02-12 Published online:2012-12-11
  • Contact: 董春华, E-mail: dch200707@yahoo.com.cn, Tel: 15907483751

RichHTML

PDF

1761

被引次数

173

摘要：

为探讨湘南红壤稻田多熟制增产潜力，不断提高经济效益和土壤肥力，促进农业可持续发展，从1982年开始，对红壤稻田布置了冬种紫云英(T1)、油菜(T2)、黑麦草(T3)翻压还田对水稻产量和土壤肥力影响的长期轮作制度定位试验。30年的研究结果表明：(1)与冬闲(T4)处理相比，绿肥还田能促进水稻增产，其平均增产效果和年均增产率为：T1> T2> T3，且其增产稳定性较好；(2)与T4处理相比，绿肥还田能显著增加土壤有机质含量，其中T1处理下活性有机质含量显著高于其他处理，且在有机质中所占比例最大；(3)与T4处理相比，绿肥还田能提高土壤全氮、碱解氮含量，加速土壤矿化，促进水稻对磷素和钾素吸收，其中，T1处理下土壤全氮、碱解氮含量显著高于其他处理，T2和T3处理显著高于T4处理，T1处理比T2和T3处理更能促进土壤磷素释放与吸收，致使T1处理土壤全磷累积相对缓慢，也更需要补充外界钾素；(4) 稻-稻-紫云英轮作是一种较好的轮作模式。

关键词: 长期试验, 绿肥, 水稻产量, 土壤肥力

Abstract:

A long-term rotation system experiment has been arranged since 1982 to maintain the soil fertility and the sustainable productivity of rice multiple cropping system in hilly red soil region in south of Hunan, continuously improving the economic benefits and promoting agricultural sustainable development. During the winter-fallow period every year, planting milk vetch (T1), oil rapeseed (T2), and ryegrass (T3) were conducted to study the effect of green manures on rice yield and soil fertility. The results obtained can be summarized as follows: (1) Compared with the winter-fallow treatment (T4), the green manure treatments increased rice yield with a better yield stability. The average annual yield increase rate and effects showed a trend of T1>T2> T3. (2) Compared with T4, green manure treatments increased SOM (soil organic matter) content, and among green manure treatments T1 treatment had the significantly highest soil ASOM (active soil organic matter) content and a largest proportion of soil ASOM in SOM. (3) Compared with T4, green manure treatments increased soil total N and available N contents, promoted soil mineralization and absorption of soil K and P. Soil total N and available N contents in T1 treatment were significantly higher than those in the other treatments, and those in T2 and T3 treatments were significantly higher than those in T4 treatment. The effect of promoting soil P releasing in T1 treatment was better than that in T2 and T3 treatments, leading to more slowly soil total P accumulation in T1 treatment, and more potassium application needed. (4) T1 treatment is a better rotation pattern.

Key words: Long-term experiment, Green manure, Rice yield, Soil fertility

[1]Liu G-L(刘更另). Discussion on Scientific Cropping System. Investigation on Agricultural Development in the Upland Region of Red Soil (论科学的耕作制度. 红壤丘陵区农业发展研究). Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 1995. pp 201–205 (in Chinese)



[2]Liu G-L(刘更另), Chen Y-A(陈永安), Chen F-X(陈福兴). Fertilization Systems under Rice-Rice-Green Manure Rotation Cropping System. Investigation on the Agricultural Development in the Upland Region of Red Soil (双季稻绿肥轮作制度下的施肥体系. 红壤丘陵区农业发展研究). Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 1995. pp 141–145 (in Chinese)



[3]Tian X-Y(田秀英), Shi X-J(石孝均). Effects of long-term fertilizer at fixed location on the yield and quality of rice. J Southwest Agric Univ (西南农业大学学报), 2005, 27(5): 725–728 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]Sun B(孙波), Wang X-X(王兴祥), Zhang T-L(张桃林). Changes of red soil fertility and its prediction during the land-use and cultivation in low hill region. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报). 2002, 39(6): 836–843 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[5]Panesar B S, Fluck R C. Energy productivity of a production system: Analysis and measurement. Agric Syst, 1993, 43: 415–437



[6]De Datta S K. Principles and Practices of Rice Production. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1981. pp 91–93



[7]Wang H(王辉), Tu N-M(屠乃美). Current situation and prospect of rice cropping systems. Crop Res (作物研究), 2006, (5): 498–503 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]Li J-M(李继明), Huang Q-H(黄庆海), Yuan T-Y(袁天佑), Cao J-H(曹金华), Yu X-C(余喜初). Effects of long-term green manure application on rice yield and soil nutrients in paddy soil. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2011, 17(3): 563–570 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]Xiong Y-M(熊云明), Huang G-Q(黄国勤), Wang S-S(王淑彬), Liu L-W(刘隆旺). Effect of crop rotation in paddy field on soil physical and chemical characteristics and crop yield. Rev China Agric Sci & Technol (中国农业科技导报), 2004, 6(4): 42–45 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[10]Doran J W, Safley M. Defining and assessing soil healthy and sustainable productivity. In: Pankhurst C E, Doube B M, Gupta V V S R, eds. Biological Indicators of Soil Health. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CAB International, 1997. pp 1–28



[11]Gao J-S(高菊生), Li J-M(李菊梅), Xu M-G(徐明岗), Sun N(孙楠), Qin D-Z(秦道珠). The effects of long-term chemical fertilizers on yield of upland crops and paddy rice in red soil. Chin Agric Sci Bull (中国农业科技导报), 2008, 24(1): 286–292 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]Yang Z-P(杨曾平), Xu M-G(徐明岗), Nie J(聂军), Zheng S-X(郑圣先), Gao J-S(高菊生), Xie J(谢坚), Liao Y-L(廖育林). Effect of long-term winter planting-green manure on reddish paddy soil quality and its comprehensive evaluation under double-rice cropping system. J Soil Water Conser (水土保持学报), 2011, 25(3): 92–97 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]Gao J-S(高菊生), Cao W-D(曹卫东), Li D-C(李冬初), Xu M-G(徐明岗), Zeng X-B(曾希柏), Nie J(聂军), Zhang W-J(张文菊). Effects of long-term double-rice and green manure rotation on rice yield and soil organic matter in paddy field. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 2011, 31(16): 4542–4548 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[14]Huang C-Y(黄昌勇). Soil Science (土壤学). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000. p 305 (in Chinese)



[15]Gao J-S(高菊生), Cao W-D(曹卫东), Dong C-H(董春华), Xu M-G(徐明岗), Z X-B(曾希柏), Wen S-L(文石林). Effects of long-term rice-rice-green manure rotation on rice yield. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2010, 24(6): 672–676 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[16]Z X-B(曾希柏), Sun N(孙楠), Gao J-S(高菊生), Wang B-R(王伯仁), Li L-F(李莲芳). Effects of cropping system change for paddy field with double harvest rice on the crops growth and soil nutrient. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2007, 40(6): 1198–1205 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[17]Zeng X-B(曾希柏), Guan G-F(关光复). The change of organic, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient in the different cropping system. Acta Ecol Sin (生态学报), 1999, 19(1): 90–55 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Wang Z-F(王子芳), Gao M(高明), Qin J-C(秦建成), Ci E(慈恩). Effect of “long-term paddy-upland” rotation on soil fertility of paddy fields. J Southwest Agric Univ (西南农业大学学报), 2003, 25: 514–517 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[19]Liu Y(刘英), Wang Y-Q(王允青), Zhang X-M(张祥明), Dai D-Y(代道宇), Zheng W-H(郑万荭), Peng H(彭浩). Effects of planting milk vetch on soil fertility and rice yield. Anhui Agric Sci Bull (安徽农学通报), 2007, 13(1): 98–99 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[20]Pan F-X(潘福霞), Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Li W(刘威), Geng M-J(耿明建), Li X-K(李小坤), Cao W-D(曹卫东). Study on characteristics of decomposing and nutrients releasing of three kinds of green manure crops. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2011, 17(1): 216–223 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[21]Zhu D-W(朱大威), Jin Z-Q(金之庆). Impacts of changes in both climate and its variability on food production in northeast china. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(9): 1588–1597 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[22]Tang H-M(唐海明), Xiao X-P(肖小平), Tang W-G(汤文光), Yang G-L(杨光立). Impacts of changes in both climate and its variability on food production in northeast china. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2011, 37(9): 1666–1675 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 秦璐, 韩配配, 常海滨, 顾炽明, 黄威, 李银水, 廖祥生, 谢立华, 廖星. 甘蓝型油菜耐低氮种质筛选及绿肥应用潜力评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1488-1501.
[2] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[3] 卢合全, 唐薇, 罗振, 孔祥强, 李振怀, 徐士振, 辛承松. 商品有机肥替代部分化肥对连作棉田土壤养分、棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(12): 2511-2521.
[4] 胡鑫慧, 谷淑波, 朱俊科, 王东. 分期施钾对不同质地土壤麦田冬小麦干物质积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(11): 2258-2267.
[5] 栗扬,姚露花,郭欣,赵晓,黄蕾,王登科,张学风,肖前林,杨瑞吉,郭彦军. 三种豆科绿肥作物茎和叶角质层蜡质化学组成分析[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(01): 131-139.
[6] 周泉, 王龙昌, 马淑敏, 张小短, 邢毅, 张赛. 西南旱地油菜间作紫云英和秸秆覆盖的生产效应[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(03): 431-441.
[7] 赵庆雷,王凯荣,马加清，杨连群，谢小立，张士永，袁守江. 长期不同施肥模式对稻田土壤磷素及水稻营养的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2009, 35(8): 1539-1545.
[8] 王月福;姜东;于振文;曹卫星. 高低土壤肥力下小麦基施和追施氮肥的利用效率和增产效应[J]. 作物学报, 2003, 29(04): 491-495.
[9] 王继安;杨庆凯. 土壤肥力对大豆杂交后代选择效果的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2001, 27(04): 460-464.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2