欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 506-514.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00506

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

夏玉米各器官氮素积累与分配动态及其对氮肥的响应

张经廷,刘云鹏,李旭辉,梁效贵,周丽丽,周顺利*   

  1. 农业部农作制度重点开放实验室 / 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院，北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-13 修回日期:2012-11-16 出版日期:2013-03-12 网络出版日期:2013-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 周顺利, E-mail: zhoushl@cau.edu.cn, Tel: 010-62732431
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NETC-10-0790)，国家自然科学基金项目(31071367)和国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903007, 201203031)资助。

Dynamic Responses of Nitrogen Accumulation and Remobilization in Summer Maize Organs to Nitrogen Fertilizer

ZHANG Jing-Ting,LIU Yun-Peng,LI Xu-Hui,LIANG Xiao-Gui,ZHOU Li-Li,ZHOU Shun-Li*   

  1. Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture / College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2012-07-13 Revised:2012-11-16 Published:2013-03-12 Published online:2013-01-04
  • Contact: 周顺利, E-mail: zhoushl@cau.edu.cn, Tel: 010-62732431

RichHTML

PDF

1818

被引次数

52

摘要：

为探明夏玉米各器官氮素积累与分配动态及其对氮肥的响应，以郑单958为材料，设置5个施氮水平进行了连续2年的大田定位研究。结果表明，除籽粒外各器官的氮素积累进程都呈单峰曲线，茎鞘在吐丝期达到峰值，而叶片、苞叶和穗轴则到吐丝后12 d左右达到峰值，之后逐渐下降；籽粒和整株的氮素积累随生育进程持续增加，成熟期最高。与其他器官相比，叶片对氮素供给更敏感，氮胁迫使叶片氮素积累高峰提前，促进氮素提前向外转运，导致其率先衰老。施氮能提高各器官在各生育时期的氮素积累量和积累速率，但不改变氮素积累变化趋势。总体上，施氮量180 kg N hm-2可满足夏玉米对氮素的需求，获得较高的产量。以各器官氮素积累最大值与成熟期的差值计算，各处理再转运氮素对籽粒的贡献率均表现为叶片>茎鞘>穗轴>苞叶，各器官再转运氮素对籽粒贡献率之和平均为53.3%，其中苞叶和穗轴占12.3%，也是籽粒中氮素来源的重要组成部分。

关键词: 夏玉米, 器官, 氮肥水平, 氮素的积累, 分配与再分配

Abstract:

A successive two years′ field experiment with five N application rates was conducted using hybrid Zhengdan 958. The results showed that the process of N accumulation in all organs except grain conformed to a unimodal curve in the whole life cycle. The N accumulation in blade, husk and cob reached the peak at around 12 days after silking, and that in stem and sheath at silking stage and then decreased gradually. The N accumulation in grain and the whole plant continuously increased, and the maximum value appeared at maturity. Compared with other organs, blade was more sensitive to N supply and N deficit stress made the N accumulation peak in advance, accelerated blade N remobilization and promoted senescence of blade. N supply significantly improved N accumulation amount and N accumulation rate in all organs at various stages, but did not change the trend of N accumulation. On the whole, the demands of maize organs for N could be met at the N application rate of 180 kg N ha-1, and a higher grain yield also achieved. According to the maximum value of accumulated N in organs, the contribution of remobilized N from maize organs to grain showed a trend of: blade > stem and sheath > cob > bract, and the mean total contribution rate was 53.3%, of which cob and bract accounted for 12.3%, showing an essential part for grain N, too.

Key words: Summer maize, Organ, Nitrogen fertilizer level, Nitrogen accumulation, Distribution and remobilization

[1]Ye Y-L(叶优良), Huang Y-F(黄玉芳), Liu C-S(刘春生), Qu R-T(曲日涛), Song H-Y(宋海燕), Cui Z-L(崔振岭). Effect of in-season nitrogen management strategy on maize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2011, 37(1): 152–157 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]Dinnes D L, Karlen D L, Jaynes D B, Kaspar T C, Hatfield J L, Colvin T S, Cambardella C A. Nitrogen management strategies to reduce nitrate leaching in tile-drained mid-western soils. Agron J, 2002, 94: 153–171



[3]Pan W L, Cambereto J J, Jackson W A, Moll R H. Utilization of previously accumulated and concurrently absorbed nitrogen during reproductive growth in maize. Plant Physiol, 1986, 82: 247–253



[4]Osaki M, Shinano T, Tadano T. Redistribution of carbon and nitrogen compounds from the shoot to the harvesting organs during maturation in field crops. Soil Sci Plant Nutr, 1991, 37: 117–128



[5]Hu C-H(胡昌浩), Pan Z-L(潘子龙). Studies on the rules of assimilate accumulation and nutrient absorption and distribution in the summer maize plant II. Rules on the absorption, distribution and translocation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 1982, 15(2): 38–48 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]Tong P-Y(佟屏亚), Ling B-Y(凌碧莹). Studies on the accumulation and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in summer maize. Maize Sci (玉米科学), 1994, 2(2): 65–69 (in Chinese)



[7]Wang Z-X(王忠孝), Wang Q-C(王庆成), Niu Y-Z(牛玉贞), Xu Q-Z(徐庆章), Gao X-Z(高学曾), Li D-H(李登海), Mao L-H(毛丽华). Studies on high-yield regularity of summer maize: II. Accumulation and distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Shandong Agric Sci (山东农业科学), 1989, (4): 10–14 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]Yang H-S(杨恒山), Gao J-L(高聚林), Zhang Y-Q(张玉芹), Bi W-B(毕文波), Zhang R-F(张瑞富), Fan X-Y(范秀艳), Gao Q(高强). Studies on absorption and use of N, P and K by spring maize under super-yield cultivation. Agric Res Arid Areas (干旱地区农业研究), 2011, 29(2): 15–20 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]Hay R E, Earley E B, Deturk E E. Concentration and translocation of nitrogen compounds in the corn plant (Zea mays L.) during grain development. Plant Physiol, 1953, 28: 606–621



[10]Xu X-Y(徐祥玉), Zhang M-M(张敏敏), Zhai B-N(翟丙年), Li S-X(李生秀), Zhang X-C(张兴昌), Wang Z-H(王朝辉). Genotypic variation in nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2006, 12(4): 495–499 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]Pollmer W G, Eberhard D, Klein D, Dhillon B S. Genetic control of nitrogen uptake and translocation in maize. Agron J, 2002, 94: 153–171



[12]Yi Z-X(易镇邪), Wang P(王璞), Shen L-X(申丽霞), Zhang H-F(张红芳), Liu M(刘明), Dai M-H(戴明宏). Effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen accumulation, translocation and nitrogen fertilizer utilization in summer maize. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2006, 32(5): 772–778 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]Lü P(吕鹏), Zhang J-W(张吉旺), Lu W(刘伟), Yang J-S(杨今胜), Su K(苏凯), Liu P(刘鹏), Dong S-T(董树亭), Li D-H(李登海). Effects of nitrogen application on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize under super-high yield conditions. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2011, 17(4): 852–860 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[14]Zhao Y(赵营), Tong Y-A(同延安), Zhao H-B(赵护兵). Effects of different N rates on nutrients accumulation，transformation and yield of summer maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2006, 12(5): 622–627 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[15]Xia L-K(夏来坤), Tao H-B(陶洪斌), Xu X-B(许学彬), Lu L-Q(鲁来清), Wang R-Z(王润正), Wang P(王璞). Effects of nitrogen application time on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize. J Maize Sci (玉米科学), 2009, 17(5): 138–140, 144 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[16]Lü P(吕鹏), Zhang J-W(张吉旺), Liu W(刘伟), Yang J-S(杨今胜), Liu P(刘鹏), Dong S-T(董树亭), Li D-H(李登海). Effects of nitrogen application dates on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize in super-high yield conditions. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2011, 17(5): 1099–1107 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[17]Wang Y-L(王宜伦), Li C-H(李潮海), Tan J-F(谭金芳), Han Y-L(韩燕来), Zhang X(张许). Study on plant nitrogen accumulation characteristics and the effect of single application of base fertilizer on super-high-yield summer maize. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2010, 43(15): 3151–3158 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Song H-X(宋海星), Li S-X(李生秀). Dynamics of nutrient accumulation in maize plants under different water and N supply conditions. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2003, 36(1): 71–76 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[19]Peoples M B, Dalling M J. The interplay between proteolysis and amino acid metabolism during senescence and nitrogen reallocation. In: Noodern L D, Loopold A C, eds. Senescence and Aging in Plants. New York: Academic Press, 1988. pp 181–217



[20]Ye J(叶君), Gao J-L(高聚林), Yu X-F(于晓芳), Wang Z-G(王志刚), Sun J-Y(孙继颖), Li L-J(李丽君). Effects of nitrogen amount on senescence process in leaves and yield of super-high yield spring maize during flowering and heading period. J Inner Mongolia Agric Univ (内蒙古农业大学学报), 2011, 32(3): 178–183 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[21]Liu Y(刘艳), Wang R(汪仁), Hua L-M(华利民), Xie Z-J(解占军), Chen Y(陈玥). Effects of N application rates on early senescence of spring maize. J Shenyang Agric Univ (沈阳农业大学学报), 2011, 42(5): 539–543 (in Chinese with English abstract
[1] 谷春苗, 王润风, 黄璐, 刘浩, 鲁清, 李海芬, 李少雄, 何双呈, 洪彦彬, 陈小平, 谭斌, 余倩霞. 花生WOX基因家族的全基因组分析及不定芽再生候选基因的鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1326-1340.
[2] 刘吉昌, 李思烨, 李雪婷, 王洪章, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 任昊. 盐胁迫对不同耐盐型夏玉米品种根系生长及养分吸收效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 565-577.
[3] 孟凡琦, 房孟颖, 罗艺, 卢霖, 董学瑞, 王亚菲, 郭丽娜, 闫鹏, 董志强, 张凤路. 乙烯利-甜菜碱-水杨酸合剂对夏玉米耐热性和产量的调控效应[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(5): 1299-1311.
[4] 宋利, 刘广周, 张华, 卢庭启, 卿春燕, 杨云山, 郭晓霞, 胡单, 李少昆, 侯鹏. 密植滴灌水肥一体化对西南夏玉米产量及土壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(4): 992-1004.
[5] 辛雨宁, 任昊, 王洪章, 梁明磊, 于涛, 刘鹏. 喷施6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA)对授粉后高温胁迫下夏玉米籽粒灌浆及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(2): 418-431.
[6] 孙照华, 任昊, 王洪章, 王子强, 姚海燕, 辛爱美, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 刘鹏. 叶面喷施硅制剂对滨海盐碱地夏玉米叶片光合性能及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(9): 2383-2395.
[7] 岳海旺, 魏建伟, 刘朋程, 陈淑萍, 卜俊周. 基于GYT双标图分析对黄淮海生态区玉米品种综合评价[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(4): 836-856.
[8] 赵荣荣, 丛楠, 赵闯. 基于Landsat 8影像提取豫中地区冬小麦和夏玉米分布信息的最佳时相选择[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(3): 721-733.
[9] 张振博, 贾春兰, 任佰朝, 刘鹏, 赵斌, 张吉旺. 氮磷配施对夏玉米产量和叶片衰老特性的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(6): 1616-1629.
[10] 李慧, 王旭敏, 刘苗, 刘朋召, 李巧丽, 王小利, 王瑞, 李军. 基于夏玉米产量和氮素利用的水氮减量方案优选[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1292-1304.
[11] 张俊杰, 陈金平, 汤钰镂, 张锐, 曹红章, 王丽娟, 马梦金, 王浩, 王泳超, 郭家萌, KRISHNA SV Jagadish, 杨青华, 邵瑞鑫. 花期前后干旱胁迫对复水后夏玉米光合特性与产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1397-1409.
[12] 岳海旺, 韩轩, 魏建伟, 郑书宏, 谢俊良, 陈淑萍, 彭海成, 卜俊周. 基于GYT双标图分析对黄淮海夏玉米区域试验品种综合评价[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1231-1248.
[13] 刘昕萌, 程乙, 刘玉文, 庞尚水, 叶秀芹, 卜艳霞, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 任昊, 刘鹏. 黄淮海区域现代夏玉米品种产量与资源利用效率的差异分析[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(5): 1363-1371.
[14] 张金鑫, 葛均筑, 马玮, 丁在松, 王新兵, 李从锋, 周宝元, 赵明. 华北平原冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系周年水分高效利用研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(4): 879-892.
[15] 宋杰, 王少祥, 李亮, 黄金苓, 赵斌, 张吉旺, 任佰朝, 刘鹏. 施钾量对夏玉米氮、磷、钾吸收利用和籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2): 539-551.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2