作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 2167-2178.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31081
黄林玉1,2**(), 张潇月1,2**(
), 李豪1, 邓梅1, 康厚扬1,2, 魏育明1,2, 王际睿1,2, 蒋云峰1,2,*(
), 陈国跃1,2,*(
)
HUANG Lin-Yu1,2**(), ZHANG Xiao-Yue1,2**(
), LI Hao1, DENG Mei1, KANG Hou-Yang1,2, WEI Yu-Ming1,2, WANG Ji-Rui1,2, JIANG Yun-Feng1,2,*(
), CHEN Guo-Yue1,2,*(
)
摘要:
条锈病是世界范围内严重影响小麦产量的重要病害。遗传和育种利用效应不清, 加之不良性状连锁累赘是限制绝大多数已发掘小麦条锈病抗性基因在育种及生产中难以广泛应用的关键。前期研究发现, 小麦农家种红芒麦子对我国当前小麦生产上流行的主要条锈菌生理小种及致病类群具有稳定的成株期抗性。本研究通过构建Avocet S×红芒麦子F1及F2和F2:3家系, 利用分离群体分组分析法(bulked segregation analysis, BSA)并结合小麦55K SNP芯片及外显子测序技术, 在7A和7D染色体上鉴定到2个来自红芒麦子的成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL (QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS), 分别解释了11.64%~15.25%和24.33%~40.58%的表型变异。标记连锁分析、遗传和物理图谱综合分析发现, QYr.HM-7DS与已知成株期条锈病抗性基因Yr18呈高度共线性, 表明该位点抗性效应来源于Yr18; 而QYr.HM-7AL是一个控制小麦成株期条锈病抗性潜在新位点, 并进一步开发了可用于跟踪选择该位点的KASP (kompetitive allele-specific PCR, 竞争性等位基因特异性PCR)分子标记。利用绵麦1618×红芒麦子BC1F2遗传改良群体对来自红芒麦子成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL遗传效应及其与产量相关性状协同改良效应进行解析。结果发现, 在绵麦1618遗传背景下, Yr18和QYr.HM-7AL的转育或聚合可显著降低条锈病危害, 且对小麦穗长和分蘖数呈正向效应。上述研究结果表明, 在小麦产量育种中可利用农家种红芒麦子进行成株期条锈病遗传改良。
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