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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 2167-2178.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31081

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦农家种成株期条锈病抗性QTL定位及其育种效应解析

黄林玉1,2**(), 张潇月1,2**(), 李豪1, 邓梅1, 康厚扬1,2, 魏育明1,2, 王际睿1,2, 蒋云峰1,2,*(), 陈国跃1,2,*()   

  1. 1四川农业大学小麦研究所, 四川成都 611130
    2西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室, 四川成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-21 接受日期:2024-04-01 出版日期:2024-09-12 网络出版日期:2024-04-30
  • 通讯作者: *蒋云峰, E-mail: gychen@sicau.edu.cn; 陈国跃, E-mail: gychen@sicau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:黄林玉, E-mail: huanglinyu99@163.com;
    张潇月, E-mail: 1003852479@qq.com
    **同等贡献
  • 基金资助:
    国家农业重大科技专项(NK20220607);国家自然科学基金项目(32272059);四川省重大科技专项(2022ZDZX0014);四川省重点研发项目(2021YFYZ0002)

Mapping of QTL for adult plant stripe rust resistance genes in a Sichuan wheat landrace and the evaluation of their breeding effects

HUANG Lin-Yu1,2**(), ZHANG Xiao-Yue1,2**(), LI Hao1, DENG Mei1, KANG Hou-Yang1,2, WEI Yu-Ming1,2, WANG Ji-Rui1,2, JIANG Yun-Feng1,2,*(), CHEN Guo-Yue1,2,*()   

  1. 1Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploitation and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2023-12-21 Accepted:2024-04-01 Published:2024-09-12 Published online:2024-04-30
  • Contact: *E-mail: gychen@sicau.edu.cn; E-mail: gychen@sicau.edu.cn
  • About author:First author contact:**Contributed equally to this work
  • Supported by:
    Major Program of National Agricultural Science and Technology of China(NK20220607);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272059);Major Science and Technology Project of Sichuan Province(2022ZDZX0014);Key Research and Development Project of Sichuan Province(2021YFYZ0002)

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摘要：

条锈病是世界范围内严重影响小麦产量的重要病害。遗传和育种利用效应不清, 加之不良性状连锁累赘是限制绝大多数已发掘小麦条锈病抗性基因在育种及生产中难以广泛应用的关键。前期研究发现, 小麦农家种红芒麦子对我国当前小麦生产上流行的主要条锈菌生理小种及致病类群具有稳定的成株期抗性。本研究通过构建Avocet S×红芒麦子F1及F2和F2:3家系, 利用分离群体分组分析法(bulked segregation analysis, BSA)并结合小麦55K SNP芯片及外显子测序技术, 在7A和7D染色体上鉴定到2个来自红芒麦子的成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL (QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS), 分别解释了11.64%~15.25%和24.33%~40.58%的表型变异。标记连锁分析、遗传和物理图谱综合分析发现, QYr.HM-7DS与已知成株期条锈病抗性基因Yr18呈高度共线性, 表明该位点抗性效应来源于Yr18; 而QYr.HM-7AL是一个控制小麦成株期条锈病抗性潜在新位点, 并进一步开发了可用于跟踪选择该位点的KASP (kompetitive allele-specific PCR, 竞争性等位基因特异性PCR)分子标记。利用绵麦1618×红芒麦子BC1F2遗传改良群体对来自红芒麦子成株期条锈病抗性主效QTL遗传效应及其与产量相关性状协同改良效应进行解析。结果发现, 在绵麦1618遗传背景下, Yr18和QYr.HM-7AL的转育或聚合可显著降低条锈病危害, 且对小麦穗长和分蘖数呈正向效应。上述研究结果表明, 在小麦产量育种中可利用农家种红芒麦子进行成株期条锈病遗传改良。

关键词: 小麦农家种, 成株期条锈病抗性基因, 红芒麦子, 遗传效应, 育种效应

Abstract:

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a worldwide wheat disease that causes large losses in production. The lack of in-depth understanding of genetic and breeding utilization effects, coupled with the linkage of undesirable traits, are the key factors that limit the wide application of most of the discovered wheat stripe rust resistance genes in breeding and production. Our previous studies have shown that the wheat landraces, Hongmangmaizi (HM), exhibited stable adult plant stripe rust resistance to prevalent physiological races and pathogenic groups of stripe rust in China. In order to reveal the genetic basis of HM adult plant resistance to stripe rust, F1, F2, and F2:3 segregating populations derived from the cross between Avocet S and HM were inoculated with mixed Pst and evaluated for stripe rust reaction at adult stage in the field. Through bulked segregation analyses (BSA) using 55K single-nucleotide polymorphism array and exon sequencing technology, we identified two quantitative trait loci (QTL) on chromosomes 7AL and 7DS, designated as QYr.HM-7AL and QYr.HM-7DS, explaining 11.64%-15.25% and 24.33%-40.58% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Through integrated linkage, genetic and physical map analyses indicated that the major QTL QYr.HM-7DS was corresponding to the Yr18 gene, whereas QYr.HM-7AL, which was the second most stable QTL, should be a potential novel QTL for adult-stage stripe rust resistance. Furthermore, the kompetitive allele- specific PCR (KASP) markers, tightly linked with QYr.HM-7AL, were developed and validated. Based on construction of BC1F2 genetic improvement population derived from a cross between Mianmai 1618 × HM, the main QTL genetic effect of stripe rust resistance and its synergistic effect on yield related traits were analyzed. The results showed that the two QTL (Yr18 and QYr.HM-7AL) could significantly reduce the damage of stripe rust and had a positive effect on spike length and tillering number under the genetic background of Mianmai 1618. The above results indicated that the QTLs of adult-stage stripe rust resistance from HM could be used in wheat yield breeding programs.

Key words: wheat landrace, adult plant stripe rust resistance genes, Hongmangmaizi, genetic effect, breeding effect

表1

染色体目标区段内KASP标记及其物理位置"

染色体
Chr.		 物理位置
Physical location
(Mb)		 KASP标记名称
KASP marker		 引物序列
Primer sequence primer (5′−3′)
7A 419.349,967 KP7A-419.35 AGGGTGAAAGGGAAAATGCT[T/C]CTCTCACTCACCTCGCGAAG
7A 422.208,396 KP7A-422.21 GCTGATCTGAACCCAAGTCG[A/G]CCCATCATCATCGGACAGGG
7A 433.437,714 KP7A-433.44 ACTCTGCATCCATGACTAAGATTT[C/A]TGTTTAGTGGGCTCAGGCTG
7A 442.806,961 KP7A-442.81 ATGTCCACTACAAAGATGCTC[A/G]GCTTTCTGCAACAACGCTGT
7A 451.867,532 KP7A-451.87 TGATTCATGATATTCAGAGCTGAC[A/G]TGCAGAGAAGACAATTATCCGC
7A 472.559,919 KP7A-472.564 GGGAAAAATGCGGTCAGAAAC[G/T]CTCCCTCTCTTTTCTCGTTGC
7A 512.089,130 KP7A-512.09 AGGATGACAACAGAACAAAAGG[T/G]CAGTTATTATTTGGGCTCTGTGC
7A 523.738,213 KP7A-523.74 GAGATATACAGGTTACCATCGACT[G/A]TTGTGGCACCAAAATTCCGG
7A 527.116,548 KP7A-527.12 CATGACCCAGCTGAAGTGAAA[C/T]ACAATAATTTCACCATCCTTCGGC
7A 533.566,242 KP7A-533.57 TGGGATTGACAAATTTTGCAC[T/G]AGAAGAAGATCAAGGCCATGGT
7A 537.057,222 KP7A-537.06 GCACCAACAGATTCTAGCGTAA[C/T]GCCATTTTATCACGCTAGCCA
7A 548.999,927 KP7A-549.00 GGATTGATCTCCACAAACTGTATC[G/T]AACGGAGGCAGACAATTTGC
7A 561.888,353 KP7A-561.89 TGAGCCTCGTAACATTCCAGAT[C/T]CTCTGTTCGCTTCAGCAGGT
7A 574.753,670 KP7A-574.75 AACAACGAGAACATCTACCACA[A/T]TGGAACATGGAGGCTGATGG
7A 603.112,465 KP7A-603.11 GGTCTGCGAGACTGGGAT[T/C]GGAGGTGGCAATGACAACAG
7D 19.560,664 KP7D-19.56 GGTGGTCAGGAATGTGCTC[G/A]ACCACATGAGCAGTACGGTG
7D 36.681,470 KP7D-36.68 CCGATGCCACTACAGTAACC[G/A]TGCGACACAGCTAATGGGAA
7D 47.418,828 KP7D-E11 GGGAGCATTATTTTTTTCCATC[A/T]AGCGAATCCAGTATGGAAAT
7D 71.630,056 KP7D-71.63 GCAAAACGTTGAAGAAATAGCAGA[A/C]CTCTTCCATCGGTGTTAATTTCC
7D 90.566,222 KP7D-90.57 TCTGTAACACACATCAGCCTG[G/T]GCAGTCATCACAGAATCCAGC
7D 159.737,289 KP7D-159.74 CAGCAGTAGTGATCCGTGT[C/T]CATGGCTTTGACGAATGTGAG
3D 610.439,082 KP3D-610.44 GCTTGTTAGAATCTCACATGTCTT[A/G]GCTTGTTAGAATCTCACATGTCTTG
5A 51.471,481 KP5A-51.47 GCATTTGCATTCTTCAGTTTTGC[A/C]GCGGCTGCACAGAAGAAATT

图1

小麦农家种红芒麦子条锈病抗性QTL分析 a: 红芒麦子和Avocet S苗期和成株期条锈病表型; b、c: QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS的遗传图谱及定位; d: QYrHM-7DS与Yr18单倍型比较; e: QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS在Avocet S × 红芒麦子F2和F2:3遗传效应分析。"

附图1

红芒麦子条锈病抗性基因候选区间在染色体上的分布 a: 55K SNP芯片差异SNP密度图; b: G’-value在染色体上的分布。"

表2

QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS在Avocet S × 红芒麦子F2和F2:3遗传效应分析"

基因
Gene		 QYr.HM-7AL Yr18 F2分离群体
IT (infection type in 2021)		 F2分离群体
DS (disease severity in 2021)		 F2:3家系
IT (infection type in 2022)		 F2:3家系
DS (disease severity in 2022)
None - - 7.58 79.43 6.63 71.91
QYr.HM-7AL + - 4.67 38.34 4.99 40.60
Yr18 - + 4.10 26.40 4.27 29.90
QYr.HM-7AL+Yr18 + + 3.80 20.81 4.23 28.25

图2

QYr.HM-7AL和Yr18对BC1F2群体侵染型(IT)的影响"

图3

条锈病侵染型与产量相关性状相关分析 PH: 株高; SL: 穗长; TN: 有效分蘖数; GNS: 穗粒数; TGW: 千粒重; GW: 粒长; GL: 粒宽。*表示在0.05概率水平差异显著; **表示0.01概率水平差异显著。"

图4

绵麦1618背景下QYr.HM-7AL和QYr.HM-7DS (=Yr18)对产量相关性状的遗传效应分析 缩写同图3。"

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