关键词: 稻田, 保护性耕作制, 可持续评价, 指标体系, 权重

Abstract:

Environmental protection is of prime importance for the sustainable development of the society. The physical and chemical characters of the soil in the south of China have been destroyed due to the longer application of traditional farming method. Conservation tillage has been widely adopted in the rice grown region in the south of China. This kind of technique can reduce soil moisture evaporation and ground runoff, and increase soil water storage and available nutrients. Conservation farming system (CFS) is a challenge in the south of China because much precipitation always happens and rice is the main crop there. As a cases, in this study, the CFS in paddy field in Sichuan Basin was systematically analyzed by using the Goal-oriented approach. First of all, CFS was divided into three sub-systems （i.e., economy sub-system, ecology sub-system， and society sub-system）. Then, these three sub-systems were divided into seven index layers and several variable layers. After referring to expert’s suggestions three times, 18 indices (variable) were collected as index reservoir of evaluation on the durative for CFS. Related judging matrix was constructed with the combination of two methods, Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The weight (ω) of each index layer and variable layer was calculated from this matrix. In the end, the evaluation on the durative of CFS in paddy field in Sichuan Basin was made by using Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method. Among all the current CFS in Sichuan Basin, the wheat/rice pattern with no-tillage and stalk-mulching at both growth stages showed highest durative and achieved best ecological, economic and social benefits. We try to provide theoretical reference for optimizing and extending local conservation farming pattern. However, as a new method, it should be modified further in future.

Key words: Paddy field, Conservation Farming System, Evaluation of sustainability, Index system, Weight