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作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 557-562.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00557

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

基肥配比和拔节期追氮对鲜食糯玉米籽粒物性的影响

陆大雷,孙旭利,王鑫,闫发宝,陆卫平*   

  1. 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室 / 农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室，江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2012-06-29 修回日期:2012-11-16 出版日期:2013-03-12 网络出版日期:2013-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 陆卫平, E-mail: wplu@yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271640, 30971731, 31000684)，江苏省高校自然科学基金项目(11KJB210006)，江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目，江苏高校优秀科技创新团队项目和农业科研杰出人才及其创新团队项目资助。

Effects of Basic Fertilizer and Nitrogen Topdressing Treatments at Jointing Stage on Grain Textural Characteristics of Fresh Waxy Maize

LU Da-Lei,SUN Xu-Li,WANG Xin,YAN Fa-Bao,LU Wei-Ping*   

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2012-06-29 Revised:2012-11-16 Published:2013-03-12 Published online:2013-01-04
  • Contact: 陆卫平, E-mail: wplu@yzu.edu.cn

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摘要：

以鲜食糯玉米品种苏玉糯5号和渝糯7号为材料研究表明，基肥配比和拔节期追氮对籽粒物性有显著影响，且基肥配比对物性参数(除脆度和黏聚性)影响大于拔节期追氮。物性参数中，黏着性、脆度和咀嚼度变异系数较高。基肥处理中，总体上以氮磷钾肥合理配比(N 75 kg hm-2 + P2O5 75 kg hm-2 + K2O 75 kg hm-2)时硬度、脆度、黏着性(绝对值)、弹性、黏聚性和咀嚼度较高，回复性适中。随着拔节期追氮量增加，硬度、脆度、黏聚性、咀嚼度和回复性均呈先升后降趋势，黏着性在不追氮和追氮150 kg hm-2处理下无显著差异，但显著高于追氮300 kg hm-2处理，弹性受拔节期追氮量影响较小。相关分析表明，硬度和脆度与弹性、黏聚性和咀嚼度显著正相关。黏着性与弹性、咀嚼度显著负相关，与回复性显著正相关。弹性、黏聚性和咀嚼度两两极显著正相关。综合考虑各参数的变化趋势，氮磷钾均衡基施并拔节期适量追氮时两品种籽粒具有较好的黏着性、咀嚼度和脆度，且苏玉糯5号籽粒硬度显著低于渝糯7号。

关键词: 鲜食糯玉米, 基肥配比, 拔节期追氮, 物性

Abstract:

The results of a field experiment using Suyunuo 5 and Yunuo 7 indicated that fertilizer treatments significantly changed the textural properties, and the effects of basic fertilizer on textural characteristics except fracturability and cohesiveness were higher than those of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage. Variation of adhesiveness, chewiness and fracturability was higher than that of textural characteristics. Higher hardness, fracturability, adhesiveness (absolute value), springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness, and middle resilience were presented in the trestment of N 75 kg ha-1 + P2O5 75 kg ha-1 + K2O 75 kg ha-1 among all the basic fertilizer treatments. With the increment of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage, springiness was stable, hardness, fracturability, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience were increased first and fallen later, adhesiveness was similar between treatments of nitrogen topdressing at 0 and 150 kg ha-1at jointing stage, while it was lower at 300 kg ha-1. The correlation analysis indicated that hardness and fracturability were positively correlated with springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness. Cohesiveness was negatively correlated with springiness and chewiness, while positively correlated with resilience. The positivecorrelations were observed for springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness between each other. Considering of the changing tendency of textural characteristics, the treatment of N 75 kg ha-1+ P2O5 75 kg ha-1 + K2O 75 kg ha-1 as basic fertilizer combined with N 150 kg ha-1 topdressing at jointing stage had higher adhesiveness, chewiness and fracturability, and significantly lower grain hardness in Suyunuo 5 than in Yunnuo 7.

Key words: Fresh waxy maize, Basic fertilizer, Nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage, Textual property

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