欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1576-1585.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.81076

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

北部冬麦区冬小麦越冬冻害时空变化特征

孟繁圆1,冯利平1,*(),张丰瑶1,张祎2,伍露1,王春雷1,闫锦涛1,彭明喜1,莫志鸿3,余卫东4   

  1. 1中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193
    2中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081
    3中粮贸易有限公司, 北京 100005
    4河南省气象科学研究所, 河南郑州 450003
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-17 接受日期:2019-05-12 出版日期:2019-10-12 网络出版日期:2019-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 冯利平
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300201-6);国家自然科学基金项目资助(31371528)

Temporal and spatial variations of winter wheat freezing injury in northern winter wheat region

MENG Fan-Yuan1,FENG Li-Ping1,*(),ZHANG Feng-Yao1,ZHANG Yi2,WU Lu1,WANG Chun-Lei1,YAN Jin-Tao1,PENG Ming-Xi1,MO Zhi-Hong3,YU Wei-Dong4   

  1. 1College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, China
    2Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081
    3COFCO Trading Co. Ltd., Beijing 100005, China
    4China Henan Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
  • Received:2018-10-17 Accepted:2019-05-12 Published:2019-10-12 Published online:2019-09-10
  • Contact: Li-Ping FENG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300201-6);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31371528)

RichHTML

10

PDF

518

摘要：

利用我国北部冬麦区43个气象站点1951—2014年气象资料, 综合考虑越冬期最大降温幅度、极端最低气温、负积温、平均气温、降水和风速等冬小麦越冬冻害致灾因子, 采用主成分法构建冬小麦冻害指数(FII), FII值越大, 冬小麦遭受冻害越严重。结合历史冻害灾情资料, 验证冻害指数在研究区域的适应性。采用M-K方法分析冬小麦冻害的突变特征, 探究北部冬麦区越冬冻害的时空分布特征。结果表明, FII能较好地反映北部冬麦区冬小麦冻害情况。近60年北部冬麦区冬小麦冻害指数的年际变化均呈显著下降趋势。1980年前后冻害指数发生突变, 气候变暖后我国北部冬麦区冬小麦冻害发生的频率、程度和范围明显减少; 而由于气候变化的不稳定性增加, 自2000年以来, 冬小麦中度到重度冻害有所增加。冻害指数的空间分布总体呈现随着纬度和海拔高度的增加而加重的趋势。燕太山麓平原副区遭受冻害最为严重, 黄土高原沟壑副区和晋冀山地盆地副区遭受冻害较轻。

关键词: 冬小麦, 越冬期, 冻害指数, 北部冬麦区, 时空分布特征, 气候变暖

Abstract:

Base on daily meteorological data of 43 observation stations across northern China from 1951 to 2014, we calculated the freezing injury factors including maximum scale of drop in temperature, extreme minimum temperature, negative accumulated temperature, mean temperature, precipitation and wind speed during over-wintering stage. The freeze injury index (FII) of winter wheat was established by considering the freezing injury factors with principal component analysis. The greater the FII was, the more severe the freeze injury would occur. The Mann-Kendall method was used to analyze the mutation characteristics of FII, and explore the spatial-temporal distribution of freeze injury to winter wheat. The historical freeze injury of winter wheat could be actually reflected by the FII. The FII had a sudden change around 1980, which indicted the frequency and extent of winter wheat freezing injury in this region decreased significantly after climate warming. But due to the increasing of climate instability, the moderate to severe levels of freeze injury have increased since 2000. The annual FII had a declined trend significantly in the past 60 years, which was aggravated with increasing latitude and altitude in spatial distribution. The FII was high in Yan-Taihang Mountains and basin region relative to other two regions.

Key words: winter wheat, overwintering stage, freeze injury index (FII), the Northern winter wheat region, spatial and temporal distribution characteristics, climate warming

图1

研究区域内气象站点分布 I: 燕太山麓平原副区; II: 晋冀山地盆地副区; III: 黄土高原沟壑副区。"

表1

冬小麦越冬期关键气候因子及其计算方法"

因子Factor 计算方法Calculation method
最大降温幅度
Maximum scale of drop in temperature during over-wintering stage		 越冬期降温过程中连续72 h内日平均气温的最大降温幅度
The maximum temperature drop of daily average temperature during continuous cooling for 72 hours during over-wintering stage
越冬极端最低气温
Extreme minimum temperature during over-wintering stage		 越冬期出现的极端最低气温最小值
Extreme minimum temperature of over-wintering stage
越冬负积温
Negative accumulated temperature during over-wintering stage		 越冬期日平均气温﹤0℃的累积值
Accumulative value of average daily temperature <0℃
during over-wintering stage
越冬平均气温
Mean temperature during over-wintering stage		 越冬期日平均气温的均值
Average daily average temperature during over-wintering stage
越冬降水量
Precipitation during over-wintering stage		 越冬期逐日降水量累计值
Daily precipitation cumulative value during over-wintering stage
越冬平均风速
Wind speed during over-wintering stage		 越冬期日平均风速的均值
Mean daily wind speed during over-wintering stage

图2

3个副区内冻害指数FII构建流程图"

表2

冬小麦越冬冻害等级指标"

冻害指标
Freeze injury index		 致灾等级Disaster level
无冻害Freeze-free 轻度Mild 中度Moderate 重度Severe
冻害指数FII FII<0.55 0.55≤FII≤0.75 0.75≤FII<0.95 0.95≤FII<1.82
死苗率Mortality rate (%) <8 8~15 15~30 >30

图3

1951-2014年北部冬麦区冬小麦冻害指数年际变化趋势 I: 燕太山麓平原副区; II: 晋冀山地盆地副区; III: 黄土高原沟壑副区。**表示P<0.01。"

图4

1951-2014年北部冬麦区冬小麦冻害指数的M-K突变检验 I: 燕太山麓平原副区; II: 晋冀山地盆地副区; III: 黄土高原沟壑副区。"

图5

北部冬麦区不同年代冻害指数的空间分布 I: 燕太山麓平原副区; II: 晋冀山地盆地副区; III: 黄土高原沟壑副区。"

[1] 何亮, 侯英雨, 于强, 靳宁 . 不同空间分辨率驱动数据对作物模型区域模拟影响研究. 农业机械学报, 2018,49(2):241-251.
He L, Hou Y Y, Yu Q, Jin N . Influence of different resolutions data on regional simulation of crop model. Trans CSAM, 2018,49(2):241-251 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[2] 郑大玮 . 冬小麦冻害及其防御. 北京: 气象出版社, 1985. pp 3-16.
Zheng D W. Winter Wheat Freeze Damage and Its Defense. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 1985. pp 3-16(in Chinese).
[3] 杨晓光, 刘志娟, 陈阜 . 全球气候变暖对中国种植制度可能影响: I. 气候变暖对中国种植制度北界和粮食产量可能影响的分析. 中国农业科学, 2010,43:329-336.
Yang X G, Liu Z J, Chen F . The possible effects of global warming on cropping systems in China: I. The possible effects of climate warming on northern limits of cropping systems and crop yields in China.Sci Agric Sin, 2010, 43:329-336 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4] 曹倩, 姚凤梅, 林而达, 张佳华, 王培娟, 秦鹏程 . 近50年冬小麦主产区农业气候资源变化特征分析. 中国农业气象, 2011,32:161-166.
Cao Q, Yao F M, Lin E D, Zhang J H, Wang P J, Qin P C . Analysis of changing characteristics of agricultural climate resources in the main planted areas of winter wheat in China over last 50 years. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2011,2:161-166 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5] Wang F T . Impact of climate change on cropping system and its implication for agriculture in China. Acta Meteorol Sin, 1997,11:407-415.
[6] 俄有浩, 霍治国, 马玉平 . 北方春小麦种植区小麦种植结构变化的气候依据与冻害风险. 自然灾害学报, 2015,24(5):149-159.
E Y H, Huo Z G, Ma Y P . Climate cause for the change in cropping structure from spring wheat to winter wheat and its freeze injury risk in north China. J Nat Disasters, 2015,24(5):149-159 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[7] 王春艳, 李茂松, 胡新, 王道龙, 吉田久 . 黄淮地区冬小麦的抗晚霜冻害能力. 自然灾害学报, 2006,15(6):211-215.
Wang C Y, Li M S, Hu X, Wang D L, Yoshida H . Spring frost resistance of winter wheat in Huang-Huai area. J Nat Disasters, 2006,15(6):211-215 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[8] 姬兴杰, 朱业玉, 刘晓迎, 熊淑萍, 王鸽 . 气候变化对北方冬麦区冬小麦生育期的影响. 中国农业气象, 2011,32:576-581.
Ji X J, Zhu Y Y, Liu X Y, Xiong S P, Wang G . Impacts of climate change on the winter wheat growth stages in north China. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2011,32:576-581 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] Ringler C, Biswas A K, Cline S . Global change: Impacts on water and food security. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2010. pp 3-15.
[10] 许国宇 . 1951-2009年冬季北京极端低温事件变化分析. 气象与环境科学, 2011,34(1):23-26.
Xu G Y . Variation of extreme cold events in Beijing during the winter from 1951 to 2009. Meteorol Environ Sci, 2011,34(1):23-26 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] 张朝, 王品, 陈一, 刘晓菲 . 1990年以来中国小麦农业气象灾害时空变化特征. 地理学报, 2013,68:1453-1460.
Zhang Z, Wang P, Chen Y, Liu X F . Spatio-temporal changes of agrometrorological disasters for wheat production across China since 1990. Acta Geogr Sin, 2013,68:1453-1460 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] 龚绍先, 张林, 顾煜时 . 冬小麦越冬冻害的模拟研究. 气象, 1982, ( 11):30-32.
Gong S X, Zhang L, Gu Y S . Simulation study of winter frost damage in winter wheat. Meteorol Mon, 1982, ( 11):30-32 (in Chinese).
[13] Spink J G, Kirby E J M, Frost D L, Sylvester-Bradley R, Scott R K, Foulkes M J, Clare R W, Evans E J . Agronomic implications of variation in wheat development due to variety, sowing data, sit and season. Plant Variety Seeds, 2000,13:91-108.
[14] 崔读昌 . 寒地小麦越冬冻害指标及其防御措施. 气象, 1978, ( 2):4-5.
Cui C D . Frostbite index of winter wheat and its defense measures. Meteorol Mon, 1978, ( 2):4-5 (in Chinese).
[15] 于玲 . 河北省冬麦冻害指标的初步分析. 农业气象, 1982, ( 4):10-13.
Yu L . Preliminary analysis of winter wheat frost damage index in Hebei province. Chin J Agrometeorol, 1982, ( 4):10-13 (in Chinese).
[16] 龚绍先 . 北方冬小麦越冬冻害及其防御措施. 农业科技通讯, 1986, ( 10):6-7.
Gong S X . Winter winter frost damage of winter wheat in north china and its defence measures. Bull Agric Sci Technol, 1986, ( 10):6-7 (in Chinese).
[17] 郑冬晓, 杨晓光, 赵锦, 慕臣英, 龚宇 . 气候变化背景下黄淮冬麦区冬季长寒型冻害时空变化特征. 生态学报, 2015,35:4338-4346.
Zheng X D, Yang X G, Zhao J, Mu C Y, Gong Y . Spatial and temporal patterns of freezing injury during winter in Huang-Huai Winter Wheat Area under climate change. Acta Ecol Sin, 2015,35:4338-4346 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[18] 莫志鸿, 霍治国, 叶彩华, 吴春艳, 李慧君, 权维俊, 唐广 . 北京地区冬小麦越冬冻害的时空分布与气候风险区划. 生态学杂志, 2013,32:3197-3206.
Mo Z H, Huo Z G, Ye C H, Wu C Y, Li H J, Quan W J, Tang G . Spatial-temporal distribution and climatic risk zonation of freeze injury of winter wheat during overwintering stage in Beijing region. Chin J Ecol, 2013,32:3197-3206 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[19] 张弘 . 河南省冬小麦越冬冻害气候风险区划. 江苏农业科学, 2016,44:443-446.
Zhang H . Climate risk zoning of winter wheat frost damage in winter in Henan province. Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2016,44:443-446 (in Chinese).
[20] Skinner D Z, Garland-Campbell K A . The relationship of LT50 to prolonged freezing survival in winter wheat. Can J Plant Sci, 2008,88:885-889.
[21] 杨邦杰, 王茂新, 裴志远 . 冬小麦冻害遥感监测. 农业工程学报, 2002,18(2):136-140.
Yang B J, Wang M X, Pei Z Y . Monitoring freeze injury to winter wheat using remote sensing. Trans CSAE, 2002,18(2):136-140 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[22] 王连喜, 顾嘉熠, 李琪, 徐胜男, 吴东丽 . 江苏省冬小麦适宜度时空变化研究. 生态环境学报, 2016,25:67-75.
Wang L X, Gu J Y, Li Q, Xu S N, Wu D L . Study on the temporal and spatial variation of winter wheat suitability in Jiangsu province. Ecol Environ Sci, 2016,25:67-75 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[23] 巴特尔·巴克, 郑大玮,肉孜·阿基, 托丽娜·库图鲁克, 郭勇 . 北京地区冬小麦冻害预报系统初探. 中国农业气象, 2006,27:335-338.
Bake B, Zheng D W, Haji R, Kutluk T, Guo Y . Preliminary studies on freeze injury forecast system of winter wheat in Beijing area. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2006,27:335-338 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[24] 郑维, 戚鹤年 . 论我国北方冬小麦越冬冻害的生态类型. 作物学报, 1984,10:35-40.
Zheng W, Qi H N . Investigation on the ecological types of freezing injury to winter wheat in northwest China. Acta Agron Sin, 1984,10:35-40 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[25] 王位泰, 张天峰, 蒲金涌, 姜惠峰, 黄斌 . 黄土高原中部冬小麦生长对气候变暖和春季晚霜冻变化的响应. 中国农业气象, 2011,32:6-11.
Wang W T, Zhang T F, Pu J Y, Jang H F, Huang B . Response of winter wheat to climate warming and late spring frost in central Loess Plateau. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2011,32:6-11 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[26] 朱虹晖, 武永峰, 宋吉青, 杜克明 . 基于多因子关联的冬小麦晚霜冻害分析——以河南省为例. 中国农业气象, 2018,39:59-68.
Zhu H H, Wu Y F, Song J Q, Du K M . Analysis to late frost damage for winter wheat based on meteorological factors— taking Henan province as an example. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2018,39:59-68 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[27] 李茂松, 王道龙, 张强, 迟永刚, 王春艳, 渡边好昭, 吉田久 . 2004-2005年黄淮海地区冬小麦冻害成因分析. 自然灾害学报, 2005,14(4):51-55.
Li M S, Wang D L, Zhang Q, Chi Y G, Wang C Y, Kiribuchi O, Yoshida H . Cause analysis of frost damage to winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai plain during 2004 -2005. J Nat Disasters, 2005, 14(4):51-55 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[28] 金善宝 . 中国小麦学. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1996. p 31.
Jin S B . Chinese Wheat Science. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 1996. p 31 (in Chinese).
[29] 毛留喜, 魏丽 . 大宗作物气象服务手册. 北京: 气象出版社, 2015. pp 88-89.
Mao L X, Wei L. Meteorological Services Guide to Staple Crops. Beijing: China Meteorological Press, 2015. pp 88-89(in Chinese).
[30] 叶芝菡, 谢云, 刘宝元 . 日平均气温的两种计算方法比较. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2002,38:421-426.
Ye Z H, Xie Y, Liu B Y . A comparison of mean daily temperature calculated by two methods. J Beijing Norm Univ ( Nat Sci), 2002,38:421-426 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[31] 温克刚 . 中国气象灾害大典. 北京: 气象出版社, 2005.
Wen K G. Yearbook of Chinese Local Records. Beijng: China Meteorological Press, 2005 (in Chinese).
[32] 代立芹, 李春强, 姚树然, 张文宗 . 气候变暖背景下河北省冬小麦冻害变化分析. 中国农业气象, 2010,31:467-471.
Dai L Q, Li C Q, Yao S R, Zhang W Z . Variation analysis of freezing injury on winter wheat under climate warming in Hebei province. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2010,31:467-471 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[33] 王树廷 . 关于日平均气温稳定通过各级界限温度初终日期的统计方法. 气象, 1982, ( 6):29-30.
Wang S T . Statistical method on the initial and final date of daily mean temperature stabilization through boundary temperature at all levels. Meteorol Mon, 1982, ( 6):29-30 (in Chinese).
[34] 温泉沛, 霍治国, 马振峰, 肖晶晶 . 中国中东部地区暴雨气候及其农业灾情的风险评估. 生态学杂志, 2011,30:2370-2380.
Wen Q P, Huo Z G, Ma Z F, Xiao J J . Risk assessment of rainstorm climate and its induced agricultural disasters in east-central China. Chin J Ecol, 2011,30:2370-2380 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[35] 尹云鹤, 吴绍洪, 陈刚 . 1961-2006年我国气候变化趋势与突变的区域差异. 自然资源学报, 2009,24:2147-2157.
Yin Y H, Wu S H, Chen G . Regional difference of climate trend and abrupt climate change in China during 1961-2006. J Nat Resourc, 2009,24:2147-2157 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[36] 张爱芝, 高志强, 刘文平, 班胜林, 栾青 . 各类小麦品种不同春化时间与抗寒性的关系. 中国农业气象, 2007,28:403-405.
Zhang A Z, Gao Z Q, Liu W P, Ban S L, Luan Q . Relationship of vernalization time with cold hardiness for different wheat varieties Chinese. Chin J Agrometeorol, 2007,28:403-405 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[37] 游光霞, 孙果忠, 张秀英, 肖世和 . 中国黄淮海地区小麦品种抗寒性及其与VRN1基因型的关系. 作物学报, 2015,41:557-564.
You G X, Sun G Z, Zhang X Y, Xiao S H . Cold hardiness and its relationship with theVRN1genotypes in wheat varieties in the Yellow-Huai-Hai River valley region of China. Acta Agron Sin, 2015,41:557-564 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[1] 郭星宇, 刘朋召, 王瑞, 王小利, 李军. 旱地冬小麦产量、氮肥利用率及土壤氮素平衡对降水年型与施氮量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1262-1272.
[2] 王洋洋, 贺利, 任德超, 段剑钊, 胡新, 刘万代, 郭天财, 王永华, 冯伟. 基于主成分-聚类分析的不同水分冬小麦晚霜冻害评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 448-462.
[3] 阮俊梅, 张俊, 刘猷红, 董文军, 孟英, 邓艾兴, 杨万深, 宋振伟, 张卫建. 田间开放式增温对东北水稻氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 193-202.
[4] 张矞勋, 齐拓野, 孙源, 璩向宁, 曹媛, 吴梦瑶, 刘春虹, 王磊. 高分六号遥感影像植被特征及其在冬小麦苗期LAI反演中的应用[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(12): 2532-2540.
[5] 胡鑫慧, 谷淑波, 朱俊科, 王东. 分期施钾对不同质地土壤麦田冬小麦干物质积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(11): 2258-2267.
[6] 周宝元, 葛均筑, 孙雪芳, 韩玉玲, 马玮, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 黄淮海麦玉两熟区周年光温资源优化配置研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(10): 1843-1853.
[7] 雒文鹤, 师祖姣, 王旭敏, 李军, 王瑞. 节水减氮对土壤硝态氮分布和冬小麦水氮利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(6): 924-936.
[8] 马艳明, 冯智宇, 王威, 张胜军, 郭营, 倪中福, 刘杰. 新疆冬小麦品种农艺及产量性状遗传多样性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(12): 1997-2007.
[9] 马艳明, 娄鸿耀, 陈朝燕, 肖菁, 徐麟, 倪中福, 刘杰. 新疆冬小麦地方品种与育成品种基于SNP芯片的遗传多样性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(10): 1539-1556.
[10] 张力,陈阜,雷永登. 近60年河北省冬小麦干旱风险时空规律[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(9): 1407-1415.
[11] 吴亚鹏,贺利,王洋洋,刘北城,王永华,郭天财,冯伟. 冬小麦生物量及氮积累量的植被指数动态模型研究[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(8): 1238-1249.
[12] 姜丽娜,马静丽,方保停,马建辉,李春喜,王志敏,蒿宝珍. 限水减氮对豫北冬小麦产量和植株不同层次器官干物质运转的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(6): 957-966.
[13] 何昕楠,林祥,谷淑波,王东. 微喷补灌对麦田土壤物理性状及冬小麦耗水和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(6): 879-892.
[14] 周宝元,马玮,孙雪芳,丁在松,李从锋,赵明. 冬小麦-夏玉米高产模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征研究[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(4): 589-600.
[15] 凌霄霞,张作林,翟景秋,叶树春,黄见良. 气候变化对中国水稻生产的影响研究进展[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(3): 323-334.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2