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作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 631-643.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.41094

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

山东北部沿海平原区小麦-玉米周年两吨粮超高产技术创建

林子晴1,**，钟醒宇1,**，刘樊1，任子澳1，马瑞1，邓秀峰2，王东伟2，刘少鹏2，陈康3，张明才1，李召虎1，周于毅1,*，段留生1,*   

  1. 1 中国农业大学农学院, 北京100193; 2 莱州金海种业有限公司, 山东莱州261400; 3 烟台市农业技术推广中心, 山东烟台264001
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-19 修回日期:2025-11-18 接受日期:2025-11-18 出版日期:2026-02-12 网络出版日期:2025-11-24
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由农业科技重大项目资助。

Development of ultra-high-yield technology for a wheat-maize double cropping system achieving a 2-ton annual grain yield per mu in the coastal plain of Northern Shandong peninsula

Lin Zi-Qing1,**, Zhong Xing-Yu1,**, Liu Fan1, Ren Zi-Ao1, Ma Rui1, Deng Xiu-Feng2, Wang Dong-Wei2, Liu Shao-Peng2, Chen Kang3,Zhang Ming-Cai1,Li Zhao-Hu1,Zhou Yu-Yi1,*,Duan Liu-Sheng1,*   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2 Laizhou Jinhai Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Laizhou 261400, Shandong, China; 3 Yantai Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Yantai 264001, Shandong, China
  • Received:2024-12-19 Revised:2025-11-18 Accepted:2025-11-18 Published:2026-02-12 Published online:2025-11-24
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Agricultural Science and Technology Major Project.

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摘要： 山东北部沿海平原区小麦-玉米周年两吨粮超高产技术创建是中国农业大学作物化控团队和莱州市金海种业在山东省莱州市开展的一项重要农业生产示范项目。通过精选良种、合理密植及水肥一体化等措施，以期实现小麦和玉米的高产高效种植。在2023年该地块小麦和玉米两季的种植中，现场实测每公顷的总产量达到了31,323.90 kg (折合2088.26 kg mu?1)。其中冬小麦由农业农村部组织专家测产打破了黄淮海地区小麦的单产纪录，实际产量高达13,213.35 kg hm?2 (折合880.89 kg mu?1)。种植品种烟农1212每平方米穗数为692.0，穗粒数为40.1，千粒重为52.55 g，单株产量为4.74 g，收获指数为0.56，水分利用效率为3.24 kg m-3。夏玉米中金玉2513的每平方米穗数为9.1，穗粒数为584.7，千粒重为379.31 g，单株产量为206.25 g，收获指数为0.58，水分利用效率为2.86 kg m-3，实际产量为18,110.55 kg hm?2 (折合1207.37 kg mu?1)。在2024年的重复试验中，小麦-玉米的实际产量继续达到30,997.00 kg hm?2 (折合2065.13 kg mu?1)。本文旨在总结高产纪录小麦-玉米复种高产田生产过程的主要管理环节和高产群体的主要指标，为山东北部沿海平原区小麦-玉米复种高产提供参考。

关键词: 小麦-玉米周年复种, 超高产技术创建, 山东北部沿海平原区, 良种选择, 水肥一体化

Abstract: The development of ultra-high-yield technology for a wheat-maize double cropping system targeting an annual grain yield of 2 tons per mu in the coastal plain of northern Shandong Peninsula represents a significant agricultural initiative led by the Crop Chemical Control Center of China Agricultural University and Laizhou Jinhai Seed Industry in Laizhou, Shandong province. Through the careful selection of superior varieties, optimized planting densities, and integrated water and fertilizer management, high grain yields and efficient cultivation of both wheat and maize have been achieved. In the 2023 growing season, the combined yield of wheat and maize reached 31,323.90 kg hm?2 (2,088.26 kg mu?1). Notably, the winter wheat crop—evaluated by experts organized by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs—set a new regional yield record for the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, with an actual yield of 13,213.35 kg hm?2 (880.89 kg mu?1). The variety Yannong 1212 exhibited a spike density of 692.0 spikes m?2, an average of 40.1 grains per spike, a thousand-grain weight of 52.55 g, single-plant yield of 4.74 g, harvest index of 0.56, and water use efficiency (WUE) of 3.24 kg m?3. For summer maize, the variety Zhongjinyu 2513 achieved a spike density of 9.1 spikes m?2, an average of 584.7 grains per spike, a thousand-grain weight of 379.31 g, single-plant yield of 206.25 g, harvest index of 0.58, and WUE of 2.86 kg m?3, with an actual yield of 18,110.55 kg hm?2 (1,207.37 kg mu?1). In a 2024 repeated trial, the total yield remained high at 30,997.00 kg hm?2 (2,065.13 kg mu?1). This study summarizes the key management practices and main agronomic indicators contributing to high-yield wheat-maize double cropping in northern Shandong, offering a valuable reference for similar production systems in the region.

Key words: wheat-maize annual double cropping, development of ultra-high-yield technology, Northern Shandong peninsula, selective superior varieties, water and fertilizer integration

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