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作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 3155-3165.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.64062
• 综述 • 下一篇
李臣1,**，高闰飞1,**，翟红2,*，李强1,*
Li Chen1,**,Gao Run-Fei1,**,Zhai Hong2,*,Li Qiang1,*
摘要： 甘薯是全球重要的粮食、饲料、工业原料及功能食品作物。随着基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学及基因编辑等生物技术的快速发展，甘薯重要性状相关基因挖掘取得了显著进展。本文系统综述了“十四五”以来，国内外在甘薯产量与产量构成、品质、生物与非生物胁迫抗性、资源高效利用、宜机化及贮藏性等七大性状领域的优异基因挖掘现状。重点总结了块根形成与膨大、淀粉与糖代谢、花青素与类胡萝卜素合成、抗病抗虫、抗旱耐盐以及株型调控等关键基因的功能与分子机制。总结了甘薯分子生物学研究面临的核心挑战。最后，对未来甘薯分子设计育种的方向进行了展望，提出应加强多组学整合与基因编辑技术应用、构建高精度遗传图谱、深度挖掘与利用野生种质资源、建立高效的多性状聚合育种体系，以加速培育高产、优质、多抗、宜机化、资源高效的突破性甘薯新品种，支撑产业可持续发展。
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