作物学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (07): 967-973.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00967
亓晓蕾1,2,**,鲍印广1,**,李兴锋1,钱兆国2,王瑞霞2,吴科2,王洪刚1,*
QI Xiao-Lei1,2,** ,BAO Yin-Guang1,**,LI Xing-Feng1,QIAN Zhao-Guo2,WANG Rui-Xia2,WU Ke2,WANG Hong-Gang1,*
摘要:
培育新的八倍体小偃麦,对于利用偃麦草遗传物质进行小麦的遗传改良具有重要意义。本研究利用细胞学和基因组原位杂交技术,对从中间偃麦草与小麦品种烟农15杂交后代选育出的山农TE256、山农TE259、山农TE261、山农TE262、山农TE263、山农TE265、山农TE266、山农TE267-1、山农TE270和山农TE274等10个八倍体小偃麦进行了细胞学鉴定和染色体构成分析。结果表明,10个八倍体小偃麦绝大多数单株根尖细胞的染色体数目为2n = 56,个别单株含有54或55条染色体;大多数2n = 56单株的花粉母细胞在减数分裂中期I的染色体构型为2n = 28II,少数花粉母细胞存在单价体、三价体或四价体,后期I染色体可均等分向两极,仅有极少数细胞出现染色单体提前分离等现象;10个八倍体小偃麦均含有普通小麦的全套染色体和中间偃麦草的1个混合染色体基组,其中间偃麦草染色体是由来自中间偃麦草3个不同染色体基组的染色体构成的混合染色体基组,其染色体构成分别为2St+8JS+2J+2J-St、2St+8JS+4J、2St+8JS+2J+2J-St、2St+8JS+2J+2J-St、2St+8JS+2J+2J-St、6St+4JS+2J+2J-St、4St+6JS+2J+2J-St、2St+8JS+4J、2St+8JS+4J和4St+6JS+4J,与目前已报道的八倍体小偃麦均有所不同。研究结果可为这些新型八倍体小偃麦的研究和有效利用提供参考依据。
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