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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (02): 260-267.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00260

• • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮麦区小麦主栽品种粒重与籽粒灌浆特性的关系

苗永杰1, 阎俊2, 赵德辉1, 田宇兵1, 闫俊良2, 夏先春1, 张勇1,*(), 何中虎1,3   

  1. 1中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 国家小麦改良中心, 北京 100081
    2中国农业科学院棉花研究所, 河南安阳 455000
    3国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)中国办事处, 北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-20 接受日期:2017-11-21 出版日期:2018-02-12 网络出版日期:2017-12-11
  • 通讯作者: 张勇
  • 作者简介:

    yjmiao@genetics.ac.cn

  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2014CB138105), 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610092016101), 国家重点研发计划专项(2016YFE0108600)和中国农业科学院创新工程项目资助

Relationship between Grain Filling Parameters and Grain Weight in Leading Wheat Cultivars in the Yellow and Huai Rivers Valley

Yong-Jie MIAO1, Jun YAN2, De-Hui ZHAO1, Yu-Bing TIAN1, Jun-Liang YAN1, Xian-Chun XIA1, Yong ZHANG1,*(), Zhong-Hu HE1,3   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Science / National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
    2 Institute of Cotton Research, CAAS, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
    3 CIMMYT-China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2017-06-20 Accepted:2017-11-21 Published:2018-02-12 Published online:2017-12-11
  • Contact: Yong ZHANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138105), Core Research Budget of the Non-profit Governmental Research Institutions of the Institute of Crop Science of CAAS (1610092016101), National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFE0108600), and Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS.

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摘要：

研究粒重与籽粒灌浆特性的关系对提高小麦产量潜力和稳定性具有重要意义。采用Logistic方程, 对2012—2015连续3年度种植在河南安阳的14份黄淮麦区主栽品种和苗头品系的粒重及其籽粒灌浆特性研究表明, 粒重和灌浆速率参数主要受基因型控制, 灌浆持续时间主要受环境影响。不同粒重类型品种间平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率和各时期灌浆速率均存在显著差异, 表现为高粒重>中等粒重>低粒重, 灌浆持续时间则差异不显著。灌浆速率, 特别是快增期灌浆速率快慢是造成品种间粒重差异的主要原因。粒重与所有灌浆速率参数均呈显著正相关(P<0.001), 与快增期灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率的相关系数分别为0.97和0.90, 与灌浆持续时间相关不显著。建议采用平均灌浆速率对相关性状进行基因定位, 以进一步改良黄淮麦区小麦品种的粒重。

关键词: 普通小麦, 粒重, 品种粒重类型, 平均灌浆速率

Abstract:

The knowledge on relationship between grain weight and grain-filling parameters is important for yield potential and stability improvement of common wheat. Logistic equation was used for fitting the grain-filling dataset from 14 leading cultivars and advanced lines, sown at Anyang, Henan province in three successive seasons from 2012 to 2015. The results showed that grain weight and all grain-filling rate (GFR) related parameters were mainly influenced by genotype, while grain-filling period related parameters were mainly influenced by environment. There was significant difference on all GFR parameters including the average and the highest GFR, and those in the three periods among cultivar groups based on grain weight, showing a trend of high-grain-weight cultivar > medium-grain-weight cultivar > low-grain-weight cultivar, whereas there was no significant difference for grain-filling period related parameters among the cultivar groups. GFR, especially in the fast increase period, was the major factor that made the significant difference of grain weight among cultivars. Positive correlations between grain weight and all GFR related parameters were observed (P < 0.001), with the coefficients of 0.97 for GFR in the fast increase period and 0.90 for average GFR, whereas no significant correlations were found between grain weight and grain-filling period related parameters. Therefore, average GFR was proposed to be used in quantitative trait loci mapping to improve grain weight of wheat in the Yellow and Huai Rivers Valley.

Key words: common wheat, grain weight, cultivar group based on grain weight, average grain-filling rate

表1

14份参试品种名称、系谱及其审定年份"

编号
Code		 品种
Cultivar		 系谱
Pedigree		 审定年份
Year released
1 周麦16 Zhoumai 16 豫麦21/周8425B Yumai 21/Zhou 8425B 2002
2 周麦18 Zhoumai 18 内乡185/豫麦21 Neixiang 185/Yumai 21 2004
3 良星99 Liangxing 99 稳千1号/鲁麦14//PH 85-16 Wenqian 1/Lumai 14//PH 85-16 2004
4 矮抗58 Aikang 58 周麦11//豫麦49/郑州8960 Zhoumai 11//Yumai 49/Zhengzhou 8960 2005
5 郑麦366 Zhengmai 366 豫麦2/百泉 3199 Yumai 2/Baiquan 3199 2005
6 济麦22 Jimai 22 935024/935106 2006
7 良星66 Liangxing 66 济91102/济麦19 Ji 91102/Jimai 19 2008
8 周麦27 Zhoumai 27 周麦16/矮抗58 Zhoumai 16/Aikang 58 2011
9 丰德存麦1号 Fengdecunmai 1 周9811/矮抗58 Zhou 9811/Aikang 58 2011
10 中麦895 Zhongmai 895 周麦16/荔垦4号 Zhoumai 16/Liken 4 2012
11 中麦875 Zhongmai 875 周麦16/荔垦4号 Zhoumai 16/Liken 4 2014
12 中麦871 Zhongmai 871 周麦16/荔垦4号 Zhoumai 16/Liken 4 /
13 中麦140 Zhongmai 140 良星99/矮抗58 Liangxing 99/Aikang 58 /
14 荔垦4号 Liken 4 未知 Unknown /

表2

14份参试品种千粒重和籽粒灌浆特征参数均值及其变异范围"

灌浆参数
Grain-filling parameter		 均值
Mean		 总变异区间
Range of total variation		 品种间变异区间
Range of cultivar variation		 年份间变异
Range of year variation
千粒重 TGW (g) 47.2 38.3-59.1 41.8-53.8 45.2-51.1
平均灌浆持续时间 T (d) 38.4 34.0-43.0 36.3-40.3 36.6-41.6
平均灌浆速率 Ra (mg grain-1 d-1) 1.28 1.07-1.57 1.15-1.50 1.25-1.31
最大灌浆速率到达时间 Tmax (d) 19.0 14.9-22.2 18.0-19.8 16.8-21.0
最大灌浆速率 Rmax (mg grain-1 d-1) 2.30 1.72-2.87 1.94-2.63 2.23-2.38
渐增期持续时间 T1 (d) 11.9 9.2-14.2 11.3-12.4 10.4-13.2
渐增期灌浆速率 R1 (mg grain-1 d-1) 0.88 0.72-1.09 0.78-1.02 0.84-0.93
渐增期增重量 W1 (mg grain-1) 10.4 8.0-13.6 9.2-12.1 9.7-11.5
快增期持续时间 T2 (d) 14.2 9.9-18.3 12.7-15.5 12.7-15.7
快增期灌浆速率 R2 (mg grain-1 d-1) 2.02 1.51-2.52 1.70-2.31 1.96-2.08
快增期增重量 W2 (mg grain-1) 28.5 21.9-37.2 25.2-33.3 26.4-31.4
缓增期持续时间 T3 (d) 12.3 9.0-15.9 11.1-13.9 10.8-13.4
缓增期灌浆速率 R3 (mg grain-1 d-1) 0.86 0.53-1.26 0.69-1.10 0.73-0.95
缓增期增重量 W3 (mg grain-1) 10.4 8.0-13.6 9.2-12.1 9.7-11.5

表3

14份参试品种千粒重和籽粒灌浆特征参数方差分析"

图1

不同粒重类型小麦品种的籽粒灌浆速率曲线"

表4

不同粒重类型品种的籽粒灌浆特征参数"

籽粒灌浆特征参数
Grain-filling parameter		 高粒重品种
High grain weight cultivar		 中等粒重品种
Medium grain weight cultivar		 低粒重品种
Low grain weight cultivar
千粒重 TGW (g) 56.5 a 50.0 b 45.1 c
平均灌浆持续时间 T (d) 38.2 a 39.0 a 38.0 a
平均灌浆速率 Ra (mg grain-1 d-1) 1.48 a 1.28 b 1.19 c
最大灌浆速率 Rmax (mg grain-1 d-1) 2.59 a 2.29 b 2.16 c
最大灌浆速率到达时间 Tmax (d) 19.4 a 19.3 a 18.5 b
渐增期持续时间 T1 (d) 12.1 a 12.0 a 11.6 a
渐增期灌浆速率 R1 (mg grain-1 d-1) 0.99 a 0.88 b 0.82 c
渐增期增重量 W1 (mg grain-1) 11.9 a 10.6 b 9.5 c
快增期持续时间 T2 (d) 14.1 a 14.4 a 13.9 a
快增期灌浆速率 R2 (mg grain-1 d-1) 2.27 a 2.00 b 1.89 c
快增期增重量 W2 (mg grain-1) 32.6 a 28.9 b 26.1 c
缓增期持续时间 T3 (d) 11.7 a 12.5 a 12.5 a
缓增期灌浆速率 R3 (mg grain-1 d-1) 1.05 a 0.85 b 0.78 c
缓增期增重量 W3 (mg grain-1) 11.9 a 10.6 b 9.5 c

图2

千粒重与灌浆速率的线性回归 A: 快增期灌浆速率; B: 平均灌浆速率。"

表5

千粒重与籽粒灌浆特征参数的相关系数"

参数
Parameter		 T Ra Tmax Rmax T1 R1 W1 T2 R2 W2 T3 R3 W3
TGW 0.03 0.90*** 0.42 0.87*** 0.46 0.85*** 0.97*** 0.23 0.97*** 0.97*** -0.40 0.86*** 0.97***
T -0.13 0.67** -0.21 0.55* -0.04 0.13 0.56* -0.21 0.13 0.36 -0.08 0.13
Ra 0.40 0.87*** 0.43 0.96*** 0.97*** 0.23 0.87*** 0.97*** -0.57* 0.94*** 0.97***
Tmax 0.07 0.80*** 0.38 0.57* 0.85*** 0.07 0.57* -0.42 0.57* 0.57*
Rmax 0.37 0.81*** 0.82*** -0.22 0.97*** 0.82*** -0.19 0.67** 0.82***
T1 0.30 0.57* 0.37 0.37 0.57* -0.17 0.46 0.57*
R1 0.95*** 0.32 0.81** 0.95*** -0.51 0.91*** 0.95***
W1 0.38 0.82*** 0.99*** -0.47 0.92*** 0.99***
T2 -0.22 0.38 -0.51 0.48 0.38
R2 0.82*** -0.19 0.67** 0.82***
W2 -0.48 0.92*** 0.99***
T3 -0.78** -0.47
R3 0.92***
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