作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (5): 662-675.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.82049
尚丽娜,陈新龙,米胜南,委刚,王玲,张雅怡,雷霆,林永鑫,黄兰杰,朱美丹,王楠()
Li-Na SHANG,Xin-Long CHEN,Sheng-Nan MI,Gang WEI,Ling WANG,Ya-Yi ZHANG,Ting LEI,Yong-Xin LIN,Lan-Jie HUANG,Mei-Dan ZHU,Nan WANG()
摘要:
水稻温敏型叶色突变体是研究植物光合作用、叶绿体结构和功能以及温度影响叶绿体发育的理想材料。利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变籼型水稻(Oryza sativa L.)三系保持系西农1B, 从其后代中筛选到一个突变性状稳定遗传的温敏型叶片白化转绿突变体tsa2 (temperature-sensitive green-revertible albino 2)。与野生型相比, tsa2突变表型受温度影响, 22°C条件下萌发的野生型幼苗表型正常, 而tsa2幼苗完全白化, 且约40%白化苗死亡, 存活白化苗的光合色素含量、光合速率均显著降低, 成熟期主要农艺性状均显著变劣; 在28°C下萌发的tsa2幼苗叶片呈浅绿色并伴有白条纹, 其光合色素含量显著降低, 光合速率及主要农艺性状差异较小; 32°C下萌发的tsa2幼苗叶片无明显差异。透射电镜观察显示, 与野生型相比, tsa2在22°C下叶肉细胞中无叶绿体或存在异常发育叶绿体(尚未分化出基粒和基层), 在28°C下部分叶肉细胞含少量发育完整的叶绿体, 在32°C下叶肉细胞数量及形态均正常。实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)分析表明, 与野生型相比, tsa2突变体中部分光合色素代谢途径基因、叶绿体发育相关基因及光合作用相关基因的表达水平呈不同程度变化。遗传分析表明, tsa2突变表型受一对隐性核基因控制, TSA2被定位于第5染色体SSR标记S5-57和S5-119之间, 物理距离为718 kb。本研究为水稻遗传改良及研究温度影响叶绿体发育机制奠定了基础。
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