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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3215-3224.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13082

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

丛枝菌根真菌对玉米籽粒氮素吸收和土壤细菌群落组成的影响

张富粮, 陈冰洁, 杨硕, 李晓立, 何堂庆, 张晨曦, 田明慧, 吴梅, 郝晓峰, 张学林()   

  1. 河南农业大学农学院 / 省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室 / 2011河南粮食作物协同创新中心 / 作物生长发育调控教育部重点实验室, 河南郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-29 接受日期:2022-03-25 出版日期:2022-12-12 网络出版日期:2022-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 张学林
  • 基金资助:
    河南省自然科学基金项目(182300410013);河南农业大学科技创新基金项目(30500712)

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi on maize grain nitrogen uptake and the composition of soil bacteria communities

ZHANG Fu-Liang, CHEN Bing-Jie, YANG Shuo, LI Xiao-Li, HE Tang-Qing, ZHANG Chen-Xi, TIAN Ming-Hui, WU Mei, HAO Xiao-Feng, ZHANG Xue-Lin()   

  1. Agronomy College, Henan Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science / Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops for 2011 / Key Laboratory of Regulating and Controlling Crop Growth and Development Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-12-29 Accepted:2022-03-25 Published:2022-12-12 Published online:2022-04-20
  • Contact: ZHANG Xue-Lin
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(182300410013);Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Henan Agricultural University(30500712)

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摘要：

明确丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)通过调控土壤细菌群落组成影响玉米产量和籽粒氮素吸收的作用机制, 为玉米增产增效提供理论依据。2018和2019年2个玉米生育季, 采用分室(生长室和菌丝室)箱体装置, 设置氮肥形态和丛枝菌根真菌双因素试验, 测定玉米籽粒产量、籽粒氮素积累量、植株根系性状; 并采用Hiseq 2500 PE250高通量测序技术测定土壤细菌群落结构和多样性。结果表明, 不同形态氮肥处理下接种丛枝菌根真菌, 均显著增加玉米籽粒产量及其氮素积累量, 并显著改善玉米根系性状。与铵态氮肥处理均值相比, 硝态氮肥处理下分别提高玉米产量和籽粒氮素积累量14%和31%。与M0处理均值相比, 铵态氮肥处理下M1和M2处理产量分别增加65%和182%, 籽粒氮素积累量增加158%和813%; 硝态氮肥处理下产量分别增加48%和123%, 籽粒部氮素积累量增加106%和387%。NMDS 分析表明, 不同形态氮肥和丛枝菌根真菌均显著影响细菌群落组成。与铵态氮肥处理均值相比, 硝态氮肥处理目水平Tepidisphaerales相对丰度增加10%, Bradyrhizobium相对丰度降低5%。与M0处理均值相比, 铵态氮肥条件下M1和M2处理目水平Bradyrhizobium相对丰度分别增加21%和55%; 硝态氮条件下Bradyrhizobium相对丰度分别增加49%和74%, 其中 Tepidisphaerales和Bradyrhizobium的相对丰度与玉米籽粒氮素积累量呈显著正相关。本研究表明, 不同形态氮肥处理下玉米接种丛枝菌根真菌通过改善土壤细菌群落组成, 促进玉米产量和籽粒氮素积累量增加, 其中主要是增加了土壤目水平Tepidisphaerales和属水平Bradyrhizobium细菌的相对丰度。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 玉米产量, 籽粒氮素积累量, 土壤细菌

Abstract:

Clarifying the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) on maize grain yield and their nitrogen (N) absorption by regulating the composition of soil bacterial communities, could provide a theoretical basis for increasing maize yield and improving nutrient use efficiency. In the maize growing season of 2018 and 2019, the two-factors pot experiment was carried out by compartment box device. The box was divided into two compartments, one was growth chamber (containing host plant and AMF) and the other was test chamber. The factors were N forms and mycorrhizae treatments. Maize grain yield, plant N content, and plant root properties were measured. The structure and diversity of the soil bacterial community in the test chamber were analyzed by Hiseq 2500 PE250 high-throughput sequencing technique. Compared with the NH4+-N fertilizer treatment, maize yield and grain N accumulation of the NO3--N fertilizer treatment increased by 14% and 31%. Compared with the M0, the presence of M1 and M2 increased maize yield by 65% and 182%, by 158% and 813% for grain N accumulation for the NH4+-N fertilizer treatment, respectively. For the NO3--N treatment, maize yield increased by 48% and 123%, by 106% and 387% for grain N accumulation, respectively. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis showed that both N forms and mycorrhizae had significant effects on bacterial communities’ composition. Compared with the NH4+-N fertilizer treatment, the relative abundance of Tepidisphaerales of the NO3--N fertilizer treatment on order level increased by 10%, while on genus level, the Bradyrhizobium reduced by 5%. Compared with the M0, the presence of M1 and M2 increased the relative abundance of Bradyrhizobium by 21% and 55% for the NH4+-N fertilizer treatment, by 49% and 74% for the NO3--N treatment, respectively. Soil Tepidisphaerales on order level and Bradyrhizobium on genus level were significantly and positively related with grain N accumulation. In conclusion, the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi could increase maize grain yield and their N accumulation under both N forms, and the increase mainly through regulating the soil bacterial communities, especially the relative abundance of Tepidisphaerales and Bradyrhizobium.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, maize yield, grain nitrogen uptake, soil bacteria

图1

不同形态氮肥和菌根真菌对玉米籽粒产量、氮素积累量的影响 M0、M1、M2分别代表对照、菌丝室只有AMF菌丝、菌丝室有根和菌丝。柱上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05水平差异显著。"

表1

玉米籽粒产量、氮素积累量和根系特性的方差分析"

产量
Yield
(g plant-1)		 籽粒氮素积累量
GNA
(mg plant-1)		 总根长
Length
(cm plant-1)		 根表面积
Surface area
(cm2 plant-1)		 根直径
Diameter
(mm)		 根体积
Volume
(cm3 plant-1)
2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018 2019
氮肥形态
Nitrogen form (N)		 4.4 5.5* 12.9** 5.31* 4.25 0.001 3.55 0.006 2.52 0.4 1.7 0.04
菌根处理
Mycorrhizae (M)		 82.9*** 56.5*** 86.9*** 283.5*** 8.17** 25.371*** 9.27** 43.118*** 2.02 1.6 8.5** 56.89***
氮肥形态×菌根处理N×M 0.3 1.7 0.3 0.6 0.02 2.973 0.27 4.332* 0.40 0.4 0.8 4.88*

图2

不同形态氮肥和菌根真菌对玉米总根长、根表面积、根直径、根体积的影响 处理同图1。柱上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05水平差异显著, ns表示差异不显著。"

表2

2018年不同处理之间细菌观测OTU数、估计指数(Chao1、Ace、Shannon、Simpson)和覆盖度的比较"

处理
Treatment		 OTU number Coverage Chao1 Ace Shannon Simpson
M0NH4+-N 1446 0.991 a 1794 b 1783 c 5.41 0.032
M1NH4+-N 1452 0.988 b 1848 ab 1819 abc 5.29 0.043
M2NH4+-N 1477 0.991 ab 1839 ab 1808 bc 5.43 0.033
M0NO3--N 1594 0.989 ab 1998 a 1960 abc 5.64 0.022
M1NO3--N 1644 0.989 ab 1997 a 1997 a 5.71 0.022
M2NO3--N 1626 0.989 ab 1993 a 1970 ab 5.78 0.016

图3

不同形态氮肥和菌根真菌处理门(A)、纲(B)、目(C)、科(D)、属(E)分类水平下土壤细菌群落相对丰度 处理同图1。"

图4

土壤细菌群落Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS)分析 处理同图1。M0NH4+-N: 红色圆点; M1NH4+-N: 红色三角; M2NH4+-N: 红色长方形; M0NO3--N: 蓝色圆点; M1NO3--N: 蓝色三角; M2NO3--N: 蓝色长方形。"

图5

不同形态氮肥和菌根真菌处理对目水平(A)和属水平(B)细菌相对丰度的影响 处理同图1。柱上不同小写字母表示处理间在0.05水平差异显著。"

图6

玉米产量、籽粒氮素积累量与目水平(A, C)和属水平(B, D)细菌相对丰度的关系 *、**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平显著相关。"

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