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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3203-3214.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14235

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄淮海农作区花生生产水足迹及耗水结构分析

王艺璇(), 贾浩, 逯杰, 石晓宇, 赵明宇, 高真真, 赵炯超, 褚庆全()   

  1. 中国农业大学农学院 / 农业农村部农作制度重点实验室, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-14 接受日期:2022-03-25 出版日期:2022-12-12 网络出版日期:2022-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 褚庆全
  • 作者简介:E-mail: s20213010019@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家级大学生创新训练项目(202210019001);国家重点研发计划项目“粮食作物丰产增效资源配置机理与种植模式优化”(2016YFD0300201)

Water footprint and water consumption structure of peanut production in Yellow-Huaihe-Hai agricultural area

WANG Yi-Xuan(), JIA Hao, LU Jie, SHI Xiao-Yu, ZHAO Ming-Yu, GAO Zhen-Zhen, ZHAO Jiong-Chao, CHU Qing-Quan()   

  1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2021-12-14 Accepted:2022-03-25 Published:2022-12-12 Published online:2022-04-20
  • Contact: CHU Qing-Quan
  • Supported by:
    National University Student Innovation Training Program(202210019001);National Key Research and Development Program of China “Resource Allocation Mechanism and Planting Mode Optimization of High Yield and Efficiency of Grain Crops”(2016YFD0300201)

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摘要：

准确评估作物生产耗水结构, 可为优化区域作物布局和促进农业水资源可持续利用提供主要依据。本研究借助水足迹理论和方法, 基于分县数据量化了黄淮海农作区1985—2015年花生生产的水足迹, 并分析了其耗水结构和时空分布的变化特征。结果表明, 2015年黄淮海农作区花生生产的水足迹总量为178.32×108 m3, 其中蓝水、绿水、灰水足迹分别为34.04×108、73.58×108、70.70×108 m3, 水足迹在空间上呈东南高西北低的分布格局, 河南省东部和山东省南部是花生水足迹的高值区。1985—2015年间, 花生水足迹总量增幅为87.94%, 其中蓝水、绿水、灰水足迹分别增加1.12%、25.16%、1221%; 从空间变化上看, 蓝绿水足迹均呈西南部升高、东部降低的趋势, 而灰水足迹在全区范围上升明显。30年间, 花生水足迹的重心持续向西南方向偏移, 累计移动160.90 km。花生水足迹空间集聚趋势在局部地区发生明显变化, 原以山东省为核心的主要热点区域收缩明显, 并在河南省西南部出现新的热点。本研究通过对黄淮海农作区分县花生生产水足迹准确评估和时空演变规律分析, 为本区域花生布局优化与农业水资源管理策略提供理论基础。

关键词: 水足迹, 花生, 黄淮海农作区, 重心迁移, 冷热点

Abstract:

Accurate assessment of the water consumption structure of crop production can provide the main basis for optimizing the regional crop layout and promoting the sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources. With the help of water footprint theory and method, this study quantified the water footprint of peanut production in Yellow-Huaihe-Hai agricultural area from 1985 to 2015 based on county data, and analyzed the change characteristics of water consumption structure and temporal and spatial distribution. The results showed that the total water footprint of peanut production in Yellow-Huaihe-Hai agricultural area in 2015 was 178.32 × 108 m3, of which the footprints of blue water, green water, and gray water respectively were 34.04×108, 73.58 × 108, and 70.70 × 108 m3, the water footprint was spatially high in the southeast and low in the northwest. The east of Henan Province and the south of Shandong Province were the high value areas of peanut water footprint. From 1985 to 2015, the total water footprint of peanuts increased by 87.94%, of which the footprints of blue water, green water, and gray water increased by 1.12%, 25.16%, and 1221% respectively. From the perspective of spatial change, the blue-green water footprints increased in the southwest and decreased in the East, while the gray water footprints increased significantly in the whole region. Over the past three decades, the center of gravity of peanut water footprint had continuously shifted to the southwest with a cumulative movement of 160.90 km. The spatial agglomeration trend of peanut water footprint had changed significantly in some areas, the main hot spots with Shandong Province as the core had shrunk significantly, and new hot spots had appeared in the southwest of Henan Province. This study provides a theoretical basis for the optimization of peanut layout and agricultural water resources management strategy in this region through the accurate evaluation of peanut production water footprint and the analysis of temporal and spatial evolution law in Yellow-Huaihe-Hai agricultural division county.

Key words: water footprint, peanuts, Yellow-Huaihe-Hai farming area, center of gravity migration, cold hot spot

图1

黄淮海农作区与各亚区分布示意图"

图2

花生1985年水足迹总量(m3)、花生1985年单位产量水足迹量(m3 kg-1)、花生 2015 年水足迹总量(m3)及花生2015年单位产量水足迹量(m3 kg-1) (a) 1985年花生水足迹总量; (b) 1985年花生单位产量水足迹量; (c) 2015年花生水足迹总量; (d) 2015年花生单位产量水足迹量。"

图3

花生蓝、绿、灰水足迹与变化情况 (a) 2015年蓝水足迹; (b) 2015年绿水足迹; (c) 2015年灰水足迹; (d) 1985-2015年蓝水足迹变化量; (e) 1985-2015年绿水足迹变化量; (f) 1985-2015年灰水足迹变化量。"

图4

1985-2015年花生水足迹总量重心迁移"

图5

1985-2015年黄淮海农作区花生水足迹冷热点变化情况 (a) 1985年花生水足迹冷热点; (b) 2015年花生水足迹冷热点。"

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