小豆芽期耐盐种质资源筛选与耐盐机制分析
王金燕, 石琨, 吕青啡, 袁政, 李晨浩, 张泽燕, 闫建俊, 闫虎斌, 朱慧珺, 郝青婷, 赵雪英, 张耀文, 高伟, 王茜
作物学报
2026, 52 ( 10):
2939-2960.
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.64051
盐碱地面积的不断扩大对作物生产构成严峻挑战, 挖掘小豆耐盐种质并解析其耐盐分子机制, 对扩大小豆适种区域、保障粮食安全具有重要意义。本研究以110份小豆种质资源为研究对象, 利用隶属函数和主成分分析, 将11个生长指标简化为3个综合指标, 并筛选出耐盐品种东掌小红豆和盐敏感品种特红3号。生理生化指标测定显示, 东掌小红豆在抗氧化和渗透调节能力方面显著优于特红3号。转录组分析发现, 相比对照组, 在盐处理组的东掌小红豆和特红3号中分别鉴定出3801个和7811个差异表达基因。经GO和KEGG分析表明, 这些基因主要参与代谢过程、细胞过程等生物学途径; 结合转录组和qRT-PCR鉴定到3个可能与耐盐相关的基因(LOC108343245、LOC108346293、LOC108331871), 这3个基因主要参与淀粉和糖代谢途径。本研究筛选出小豆耐盐种质, 并推测鉴定到的耐盐基因可能通过参与淀粉和糖代谢途径来调控小豆耐盐, 为培育小豆耐盐新品种和盐碱地利用提供了理论依据。
编号 No. | 综合指标值 Composite index value | 隶属函数值 Membership function value | D-value | 排序 Rank | | CI(1) | CI(2) | CI(3) | U(2) | U(2) | U(3) | | XD005 | 5.943 | -1.842 | 1.035 | 1.000 | 0.212 | 0.292 | 0.707 | 1 | | XD003 | 5.428 | -3.768 | 1.730 | 0.924 | 0.000 | 0.368 | 0.617 | 2 | | XD073 | 1.103 | 5.301 | 7.522 | 0.288 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.563 | 3 | | XD002 | 3.514 | -2.186 | 0.361 | 0.643 | 0.174 | 0.218 | 0.468 | 4 | | XD106 | 2.116 | 1.789 | -1.414 | 0.437 | 0.613 | 0.024 | 0.427 | 5 | | XD025 | 0.475 | 2.261 | 1.682 | 0.196 | 0.665 | 0.362 | 0.337 | 6 | | XD056 | 1.010 | 1.670 | -1.261 | 0.275 | 0.600 | 0.041 | 0.326 | 7 | | XD052 | 0.791 | 1.746 | -0.435 | 0.242 | 0.608 | 0.131 | 0.320 | 8 | | XD053 | 0.911 | 1.630 | -1.292 | 0.260 | 0.595 | 0.038 | 0.315 | 9 | | XD089 | 0.849 | 1.966 | -1.637 | 0.251 | 0.632 | 0.000 | 0.314 | 10 | | XD095 | 0.561 | 1.600 | 0.225 | 0.209 | 0.592 | 0.203 | 0.305 | 11 | | XD090 | 0.702 | 1.370 | -0.446 | 0.229 | 0.567 | 0.130 | 0.301 | 12 | | XD092 | 0.538 | 1.512 | -0.473 | 0.205 | 0.582 | 0.127 | 0.290 | 13 | | XD093 | 0.538 | 1.521 | -0.602 | 0.205 | 0.583 | 0.113 | 0.289 | 14 | | XD055 | 0.618 | 1.325 | -0.960 | 0.217 | 0.562 | 0.074 | 0.285 | 15 | | XD094 | 0.453 | 1.799 | -1.233 | 0.193 | 0.614 | 0.044 | 0.280 | 16 | | XD029 | 0.856 | -0.419 | 0.371 | 0.252 | 0.369 | 0.219 | 0.277 | 17 | | XD008 | 0.901 | 0.005 | -1.611 | 0.258 | 0.416 | 0.003 | 0.264 | 18 | | XD085 | 0.788 | -0.058 | -0.842 | 0.242 | 0.409 | 0.087 | 0.264 | 19 | | XD057 | 0.455 | 1.008 | -0.935 | 0.193 | 0.527 | 0.077 | 0.262 | 20 | | XD026 | 0.051 | 1.177 | 0.411 | 0.134 | 0.545 | 0.224 | 0.250 | 21 | | XD058 | 0.403 | 0.789 | -1.147 | 0.185 | 0.503 | 0.054 | 0.248 | 22 | | XD099 | 0.301 | 0.791 | -0.969 | 0.170 | 0.503 | 0.073 | 0.241 | 23 | | XD051 | 0.274 | 0.707 | -0.832 | 0.166 | 0.493 | 0.088 | 0.239 | 24 | | XD004 | 0.487 | 0.121 | -1.126 | 0.198 | 0.429 | 0.056 | 0.237 | 25 | | XD091 | 0.183 | 0.457 | -0.234 | 0.153 | 0.466 | 0.153 | 0.232 | 26 | | XD109 | 0.298 | 0.550 | -1.234 | 0.170 | 0.476 | 0.044 | 0.231 | 27 | | XD009 | 0.385 | -0.040 | -0.813 | 0.183 | 0.411 | 0.090 | 0.228 | 28 | | XD096 | -0.053 | 0.520 | 0.257 | 0.118 | 0.473 | 0.207 | 0.220 | 29 | | XD028 | 0.110 | 0.429 | -0.611 | 0.142 | 0.463 | 0.112 | 0.219 | 30 | | XD047 | 0.042 | 0.428 | -0.423 | 0.132 | 0.463 | 0.133 | 0.216 | 31 | | XD050 | 0.082 | 0.467 | -0.828 | 0.138 | 0.467 | 0.088 | 0.215 | 32 | | XD007 | 0.207 | 0.041 | -0.814 | 0.156 | 0.420 | 0.090 | 0.214 | 33 | | XD086 | 0.024 | 0.345 | -0.446 | 0.130 | 0.453 | 0.130 | 0.212 | 34 | | XD083 | 0.215 | -0.278 | -0.635 | 0.158 | 0.385 | 0.109 | 0.209 | 35 | | XD084 | 0.208 | -0.542 | -0.260 | 0.157 | 0.356 | 0.150 | 0.206 | 36 | | XD042 | -0.038 | 0.762 | -1.473 | 0.121 | 0.499 | 0.018 | 0.203 | 37 | | XD022 | -0.088 | 0.295 | -0.324 | 0.113 | 0.448 | 0.143 | 0.202 | 38 | | XD108 | -0.153 | 0.252 | -0.027 | 0.104 | 0.443 | 0.176 | 0.199 | 39 | | XD012 | -0.105 | 0.180 | -0.299 | 0.111 | 0.435 | 0.146 | 0.197 | 40 | | XD100 | -0.140 | 0.147 | -0.090 | 0.105 | 0.432 | 0.169 | 0.196 | 41 | | XD060 | -0.055 | 0.082 | -0.585 | 0.118 | 0.425 | 0.115 | 0.195 | 42 | | XD062 | -0.041 | 0.068 | -0.724 | 0.120 | 0.423 | 0.100 | 0.194 | 43 | | XD097 | -0.170 | 0.091 | 0.005 | 0.101 | 0.425 | 0.179 | 0.194 | 44 | | XD013 | -0.149 | 0.501 | -0.930 | 0.104 | 0.471 | 0.077 | 0.193 | 45 | | XD110 | -0.129 | 0.189 | -0.511 | 0.107 | 0.436 | 0.123 | 0.193 | 46 | | XD081 | -0.051 | 0.040 | -1.041 | 0.119 | 0.420 | 0.065 | 0.188 | 47 | | XD021 | -0.355 | 0.087 | 0.704 | 0.074 | 0.425 | 0.256 | 0.187 | 48 | | XD038 | -0.194 | 0.330 | -0.826 | 0.098 | 0.452 | 0.089 | 0.186 | 49 | | XD103 | -0.215 | -0.050 | -0.114 | 0.095 | 0.410 | 0.166 | 0.184 | 50 | | XD010 | -0.088 | -0.270 | -0.488 | 0.113 | 0.386 | 0.125 | 0.184 | 51 | | XD034 | -0.288 | -0.003 | 0.217 | 0.084 | 0.415 | 0.202 | 0.183 | 52 | | XD030 | -0.257 | -0.056 | 0.098 | 0.088 | 0.409 | 0.189 | 0.183 | 53 | | XD088 | -0.333 | 0.041 | 0.386 | 0.077 | 0.420 | 0.221 | 0.183 | 54 | | XD019 | -0.146 | -0.081 | -0.578 | 0.105 | 0.407 | 0.116 | 0.182 | 55 | | XD098 | -0.242 | -0.025 | -0.128 | 0.090 | 0.413 | 0.165 | 0.182 | 56 | | XD077 | -0.178 | -0.098 | -0.663 | 0.100 | 0.405 | 0.106 | 0.178 | 57 | | XD040 | -0.290 | -0.156 | 0.027 | 0.083 | 0.398 | 0.182 | 0.176 | 58 | | XD041 | -0.321 | -0.120 | 0.069 | 0.079 | 0.402 | 0.186 | 0.175 | 59 | | XD049 | -0.278 | -0.175 | -0.096 | 0.085 | 0.396 | 0.168 | 0.175 | 60 | | XD063 | -0.306 | -0.168 | 0.018 | 0.081 | 0.397 | 0.181 | 0.174 | 61 | | XD024 | -0.321 | -0.103 | -0.019 | 0.079 | 0.404 | 0.177 | 0.174 | 62 | | XD018 | -0.234 | -0.223 | -0.336 | 0.092 | 0.391 | 0.142 | 0.174 | 63 | | XD102 | -0.399 | -0.167 | 0.349 | 0.067 | 0.397 | 0.217 | 0.171 | 64 | | XD023 | -0.307 | -0.207 | -0.233 | 0.081 | 0.393 | 0.153 | 0.169 | 65 | | XD039 | -0.314 | -0.299 | -0.246 | 0.080 | 0.382 | 0.152 | 0.166 | 66 | | XD101 | -0.433 | -0.236 | 0.364 | 0.062 | 0.389 | 0.218 | 0.166 | 67 | | XD036 | -0.312 | -0.317 | -0.297 | 0.080 | 0.381 | 0.146 | 0.165 | 68 | | XD104 | -0.356 | -0.295 | -0.069 | 0.074 | 0.383 | 0.171 | 0.165 | 69 | | XD076 | -0.312 | -0.340 | -0.473 | 0.080 | 0.378 | 0.127 | 0.162 | 70 | | XD044 | -0.379 | -0.377 | -0.069 | 0.070 | 0.374 | 0.171 | 0.161 | 71 | | XD061 | -0.380 | -0.380 | -0.091 | 0.070 | 0.374 | 0.169 | 0.160 | 72 | | XD015 | -0.400 | -0.365 | -0.056 | 0.067 | 0.375 | 0.173 | 0.159 | 73 | | XD020 | -0.435 | -0.388 | 0.194 | 0.062 | 0.373 | 0.200 | 0.159 | 74 | | XD105 | -0.364 | -0.413 | -0.223 | 0.073 | 0.370 | 0.154 | 0.159 | 75 | | XD068 | -0.457 | -0.366 | 0.219 | 0.059 | 0.375 | 0.203 | 0.158 | 76 | | XD070 | -0.454 | -0.388 | 0.232 | 0.059 | 0.373 | 0.204 | 0.158 | 77 | | XD107 | -0.536 | -0.341 | 0.535 | 0.047 | 0.378 | 0.237 | 0.156 | 78 | | XD037 | -0.507 | -0.437 | 0.346 | 0.052 | 0.367 | 0.217 | 0.153 | 79 | | XD087 | -0.599 | -0.354 | 0.710 | 0.038 | 0.376 | 0.256 | 0.153 | 80 | | XD043 | -0.552 | -0.318 | 0.344 | 0.045 | 0.380 | 0.216 | 0.152 | 81 | | XD079 | -0.536 | -0.453 | 0.354 | 0.047 | 0.365 | 0.217 | 0.150 | 82 | | XD059 | -0.498 | -0.545 | 0.138 | 0.053 | 0.355 | 0.194 | 0.148 | 83 | | XD045 | -0.573 | -0.503 | 0.486 | 0.042 | 0.360 | 0.232 | 0.147 | 84 | | XD082 | -0.547 | -0.505 | 0.315 | 0.046 | 0.360 | 0.213 | 0.147 | 85 | | XD027 | -0.595 | -0.499 | 0.591 | 0.039 | 0.360 | 0.243 | 0.147 | 86 | | XD074 | -0.536 | -0.546 | 0.194 | 0.047 | 0.355 | 0.200 | 0.145 | 87 | | XD054 | -0.587 | -0.658 | 0.713 | 0.040 | 0.343 | 0.257 | 0.145 | 88 | | XD065 | -0.566 | -0.548 | 0.359 | 0.043 | 0.355 | 0.218 | 0.145 | 89 | | XD075 | -0.571 | -0.558 | 0.362 | 0.042 | 0.354 | 0.218 | 0.144 | 90 | | XD014 | -0.536 | -0.590 | 0.182 | 0.047 | 0.350 | 0.199 | 0.144 | 91 | | XD048 | -0.596 | -0.586 | 0.503 | 0.038 | 0.351 | 0.234 | 0.143 | 92 | | XD011 | -0.576 | -0.606 | 0.359 | 0.041 | 0.349 | 0.218 | 0.142 | 93 | | XD067 | -0.627 | -0.638 | 0.487 | 0.034 | 0.345 | 0.232 | 0.139 | 94 | | XD064 | -0.636 | -0.645 | 0.517 | 0.033 | 0.344 | 0.235 | 0.138 | 95 | | XD017 | -0.610 | -0.696 | 0.417 | 0.036 | 0.339 | 0.224 | 0.138 | 96 | | XD001 | -0.599 | -0.679 | 0.317 | 0.038 | 0.341 | 0.213 | 0.138 | 97 | | XD046 | -0.696 | -0.651 | 0.813 | 0.024 | 0.344 | 0.267 | 0.137 | 98 | | XD078 | -0.701 | -0.619 | 0.644 | 0.023 | 0.347 | 0.249 | 0.135 | 99 | | XD033 | -0.637 | -0.718 | 0.397 | 0.032 | 0.336 | 0.222 | 0.134 | 100 | | XD080 | -0.695 | -0.699 | 0.565 | 0.024 | 0.338 | 0.240 | 0.132 | 101 | | XD071 | -0.725 | -0.724 | 0.749 | 0.020 | 0.336 | 0.260 | 0.131 | 102 | | XD072 | -0.769 | -0.753 | 0.851 | 0.013 | 0.332 | 0.272 | 0.128 | 103 | | XD069 | -0.781 | -0.804 | 0.842 | 0.011 | 0.327 | 0.271 | 0.125 | 104 | | XD006 | -0.784 | -0.822 | 0.765 | 0.011 | 0.325 | 0.262 | 0.124 | 105 | | XD032 | -0.802 | -0.887 | 0.795 | 0.008 | 0.318 | 0.266 | 0.121 | 106 | | XD066 | -0.819 | -0.875 | 0.873 | 0.006 | 0.319 | 0.274 | 0.121 | 107 | | XD031 | -0.826 | -0.924 | 0.915 | 0.005 | 0.314 | 0.279 | 0.119 | 108 | | XD016 | -0.826 | -0.992 | 0.761 | 0.005 | 0.306 | 0.262 | 0.115 | 109 | | XD035 | -0.857 | -1.020 | 0.846 | 0.000 | 0.303 | 0.271 | 0.113 | 110 |
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表4
110份小豆种质资源的综合指标值(CI)、隶属函数值U(x)和综合评价值(D)以及耐盐水平排序
正文中引用本图/表的段落
基于主成分分析确定的3个核心指标, 计算各材料耐盐性综合评价值(D值)并进行聚类分析, 实现种质资源耐盐等级划分与极端材料筛选。根据各主成分对总方差的贡献率计算得出3个主成分的权重分别为0.615、0.253、0.133, 能够较好地反映原始数据的特征。首先, 计算出不同种质资源的D值(表4), D值越大, 表示该品种的耐盐性越高。然后, 基于隶属函数U(x)对110份小豆种质进行耐盐性聚类分析, 采用曼哈顿法, 根据聚类结果将110份品种(系)分为5类(图3): 第I类包括3份材料, 占总样本的2.73%, 属于高耐盐种质; 第II类仅2份材料, 占比1.82%, 属于耐盐种质; 第III类包括12份种质, 占比为10.91%, 属于中度耐盐材料; 第IV类包括39份材料, 占比为35.45%, 属于弱耐盐种质; 第V类包括的材料最多, 为54份, 占比49.09%, 属于不耐盐种质。这表明小豆材料中耐盐种质相对较少。根据D值和聚类结果, 筛选出高耐小豆种质XD005 (东掌小红豆)和XD003 (红小豆); 不耐盐小豆种质XD035 (特红3号)和XD016 (子洲小粒红豆)等。
A: 样本间聚类热图; B: 主成分分析图; C: 差异表达基因火山图。处理同图4。
本文的其它图/表
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