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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 1531-1539.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04203

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Identification of resistance to leaf scald in newly released sugarcane varieties at seedling stage by artificial inoculation

FU Hua-Ying1(), ZHANG Ting1(), PENG Wen-Jing2, DUAN Yao-Yao1, XU Zhe-Xin1, LIN Yi-Hua1, GAO San-Ji1,*()   

  1. 1National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
    2College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
  • Received:2020-09-04 Accepted:2020-12-01 Online:2021-08-12 Published:2020-12-29
  • Contact: GAO San-Ji E-mail:mddzyfhy@163.com;Zhang_970907@163.com;gaosanji@fafu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Earmarked Fund for the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-170302);Open Project Fund of National Sugarcane Engineering Technology Research Center(2017.3.2)

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Abstract:

Sugarcane leaf scald caused by the pathogen of Xanthomonas albilineans is one of important bacterial diseases. The utilization of sugarcane resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure for control of this disease. In this study, to identify the level of resistance to leaf scald for domestic sugarcane varieties, a total of 49 newly-released sugarcane varieties from different sugarcane breeding institutions in China were identified upon 3-5 fully expanding leaf stage by artificial inoculation with Xa-FJ1 strain. The leaf scald resistant variety LCP 85-384 and the leaf scald susceptible variety ROC20 were used as controls. Our results indicated that the disease indexes of these varieties were continually increased from the 7th day post-inoculation (dpi), while the disease indexes reached a steady plateau at 21-28 dpi. These re-isolated pathogenic bacteria in leaf tissues of the inoculated plants were detected by PCR assay with the XAF1/XAR1 primers specific to X. albilineans. PCR results confirmed that the pathogen Xa-FJ1 was successfully infected with all the tested varieties after inoculation. Based on the disease indexes, 51 sugarcane varieties were divided into four different groups, resistant, medium resistant, susceptible, and high susceptible grades. Of all the tested varieties, 37.3% (19/51) varieties were resistant or medium resistant to leaf scald, among which only three varieties (Yuegan 50, Funong 09-7111, and Zhongzhe 10) reached resistant levels. Meanwhile, 62.7% (32/51) varieties were susceptible or highly susceptible to leaf scald. Our results revealed the lack of high resistance germplasms in the newly released varieties in China, and it is urgent to create more germplasm resources resistant to leaf scald.

Key words: Saccharum spp. hybrid, newly-released varieties, leaf scald, Xanthomonas albilineans, disease resistance identification

Table 1

Disease severity of leaf scald in sugarcane"

分级Grade 症状描述Symptom
0级 Score 0 无症状Asymptomatic
1级 Score 1 1-2条铅笔状白色条纹One or two white pencil lines
2级 Score 2 超过2条铅笔状白色条纹More than two white pencil lines
3级 Score 3 叶片变白或者黄化Chlorotic or yellowing leaf
4级 Score 4 叶片坏死Leaf necrosis
5级 Score 5 植株死亡Plant death

Table 2

Criteria for evaluation of resistance to leaf scald based on disease index in sugarcane"

抗性评价Resistance evaluation 病情指数分级Disease index (%)
高抗High resistant 病情指数 ≤ 5.0 Disease index ≤ 5.0
抗病Resistant 5.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 15.0 5.0 < Disease index ≤ 15.0
中抗Medium resistant 15.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 30.0 15.0 < Disease index ≤ 30.0
感病Susceptible 30.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 50.0 30.0 < Disease index ≤ 50.0
高感High susceptible 病情指数 > 50.0 Disease index > 50.0

Fig. 1

Different disease severity grades of sugarcane leaf scald Score 0: grade 0; Score 1: grade 1; Score 2: grade 2; Score 3: grade 3; Score 4: grade 4; Score 5: grade 5."

Fig. 2

Pathogen isolation and PCR detection of inoculated leaf samples A: colonies isolated from ROC22 with white pencil lines; B: colonies isolated from Mintang 11-610 with white striped leaves; C: colonies isolated from Liucheng 09-15 with chlorotic leaf; D: colonies isolated from Yuegan 49 with yellowing leaf; E: colonies isolated from Funong 11-2907 with yellowing leaf; F: PCR detection for colonies isolated from the above-mentioned samples. 1: D15000+2000 DNA marker; 2: the blank control, sterile H2O; 3: the negative control, healthy leaf sample; 4: the positive control, Xa-FJ1 strain; 5-9: DNA samples from colonies isolated from the above-mentioned samples."

Fig. 3

Disease indexes of 51 sugarcane varieties at different day post-inoculation (dpi)"

Table 3

Grades of resistance to leaf scald by artificial inoculation in sugarcane varieties"

抗病等级
Grade of resistance		 品种(系)名称
Variety (line) name		 品种(系)数量
Number of variety		 病情指数
Disease index (%)		 平均值多重比较
Mean multiple comparison
抗
Resistant		 粤甘50, 福农09-7111, 中蔗10号
Yuegan 50 , Funong 09-7111, Zhongzhe 10		 3 10.6-14.7 12.2 A
中抗
Medium resistant		 中蔗13号, 海蔗28号, 桂糖40号, LCP85-384, 桂糖08-120, 柳城07-150, 云蔗11-3898, 粤甘53, 新台糖22号, 闽糖11-610, 粤甘51, 德蔗12-88, 福农11-2907, 粤甘49, 云蔗09-1601, 粤甘43
Zhongzhe 13, Haizhe 28, Guitang 40, LCP85-384, Guitang 08-120, Liucheng 07-150, Yunzhe 11-3898, Yuegan 53, ROC22, Mintang 11-610, Yuegan 51, Dezhe 12-88, Funong 11-2907, Yuegan 49, Yunzhe 09-1601, Yuegan 43		 16 15.4-28.7 23.9 B
感病
Susceptible		 云蔗11-1204, 云瑞11-450, 粤甘52, 中糖1201, 福农10-0574, 福农38, 中蔗1号, 云蔗11-1074, 福农09-6201, 云蔗08-1609, 福农09-4095, 云瑞12-263, 桂糖46号, 桂糖44号, 粤甘48, 福农07-3206, 福农10-14405, 粤甘46, 福农08-3214, 新台糖20号, 桂糖08-1589, 中蔗6号, 中糖1202, 桂糖11-1076, 桂糖13-386, 柳城09-15, 柳城09-19, 云蔗08-1095
Yunzhe 11-1204, Yunrui 11-450, Yuegan 52, Zhongtang 1201, Funong 10-0574, Funong 38, Zhongzhe 1, Yunzhe 11-1074, Funong 09-6201, Yunzhe 08-1609, Funong 09-4095, Yunrui 12-263, Guitang 46, Guitang 44, Yuegan 48, Funong 07-3206, Funong 10-14405, Yuegan 46, Funong 08-3214, ROC20, Guitang 08-1589, Zhongzhe 6, Zhongtang 1202, Guitang 11-1076, Guitang 13-386, Liucheng 09-15, Liucheng 09-19, Yunzhe 08-1095		 28 30.3-48.4 38.7 C
高感
High susceptible		 云蔗11-3208, 中糖1301, 云瑞10-187, 福农09-12206
Yunzhe 11-3208, Zhongtang 1301, Yunrui 10-187, Funong 09-12206		 4 51.6-58.2 54.6 D

Fig. 4

Cluster analysis of disease resistance to leaf scald in sugarcane cultivars"

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