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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 982-992.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.82057

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于非线性主成分分析的绿色超级稻品种综合评价

纪龙,申红芳,徐春春,陈中督,方福平()   

  1. 中国水稻研究所, 浙江杭州 310006
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-22 接受日期:2019-04-15 出版日期:2019-07-12 网络出版日期:2019-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 方福平
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2014AA10A605);浙江省自然科学基金青年基金项目(LQ18G030013);财政部-农业部基本科研业务费项目(2017RG007)

Comprehensive evaluation of green super rice varieties based on nonlinear principal component analysis

JI Long,SHEN Hong-Fang,XU Chun-Chun,CHEN Zhong-Du,FANG Fu-Ping()   

  1. China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2018-11-22 Accepted:2019-04-15 Published:2019-07-12 Published online:2019-04-24
  • Contact: Fu-Ping FANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2014AA10A605);the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LQ18G030013);the Fundamental Research Funds of Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China(2017RG007)

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摘要：

应用绿色超级稻被认为是推动水稻生产可持续发展的重要途径之一, 已成为全球水稻育种的主要目标。目前关于绿色超级稻品种综合评价的研究鲜有报道。本文围绕“少打农药、少施化肥、节水抗旱、优质高产”的理念, 从技术性、经济性、生态性和社会性4个维度构建了绿色超级稻品种综合评价指标体系, 为水稻及其他作物品种的综合评价、品种选育及推广应用提供了有益的研究思路。在此基础上引入一种非线性主成分分析法——对数主成分分析, 利用大田试验数据及不同评价方法的对比分析表明, 对数主成分分析法符合绿色超级稻的育种理念, 具有较强的合理性, 可作为一种有效的水稻品种综合评价方法。

关键词: 绿色超级稻, 综合评价, 指标体系, 非线性主成分分析

Abstract:

Application of green super rice (GSR) is regarded as one of the important ways to realize sustainable development of rice production, and has become a major goal of the rice breeding around the world. However, there are few literatures on comprehensive evaluation of GSR varieties. The GSR concept is the development of varieties with insect and disease resistance, high N- and P-use efficiency, drought resistance, high grain yield and superior quality. Based on the GSR concept, we establish a comprehensive evaluation index system of GSR varieties in four dimensions, including technical indicators, economic indicators, ecological indicators and social indicators. This index system should shed light on a new perspective for evaluation of crop varieties, variety breeding as well as the application and extension of new crop varieties. Further, a nonlinear principal component analysis, namely logarithmic principal component analysis, was introduced into the comprehensive evaluation of GSR varieties. Based on field experimental data with a comparative analysis by different methods, we revealed that the logarithmic principal component analysis is feasible and reasonable for comprehensive evaluation of GSR varieties.

Key words: green super rice, comprehensive evaluation, index system, nonlinear principal component analysis

表1

绿色超级稻品种综合评价指标体系"

一级指标
First class indicator		 二级指标
Second class indicator		 指标说明
Definition of the indicators
技术性指标 有效穗 EP (x1) 单位面积有效穗数(m-2)
Technical indicator Effective panicles per square meter (m-2)
结实率 SSR (x2) 水稻结实率(%)
Seed-setting rate of rice (%)
抗倒伏性 LR (x3) 1=很差, 2=差, 3=一般, 4=较强, 5=很强
1=very poor, 2=poor, 3=general, 4=strong, 5=very strong
抗病虫性 RID (x4) 对主要病虫害的抗性(1=高感, 2=感, 3=中感, 4=中抗, 5=抗, 6=高抗)
Resistance to major pests and diseases (1=high susceptible, 2=susceptible, 3=moderate susceptible, 4=moderate resistant, 5=resistant, 6=high resistant)
抗非生物逆境性 AST (x5) 对干旱、高低温、盐碱等非生物胁迫的抗性(1=很差, 2=差, 3=一般, 4=较强, 5=很强)
Resistance to abiotic stress (1=very poor, 2=poor, 3=general, 4=strong, 5=very strong)
生态适应性 EA (x6) 在不同生长环境、不同年份的稳产表现, 用变异系数表征 (%)
Yield stability of rice in different growing condition across years, represented by coefficient of variation (%)
一级指标
First class indicator		 二级指标
Second class indicator		 指标说明
Definition of the indicators
经济性指标 单产 Y (x7) 每公顷产量(kg hm-2)
Economic indicator Yield per hectare (kg hm-2)
成本利润率 RPC (x8) 每公顷成本利润率(%)
Rate of profit to cost per hectare (%)
整精米率 HR (x9) 整精米占净稻谷式样或精米式样的质量分数(%)
The ratio of head rice to the overall rice sample (%)
垩白度 CD (x10) 垩白米的垩白面积总和占式样整精米粒面积总和的百分率(%)
The ratio of chalkiness area of chalky rice to the total area of the head rice for the overall rice sample (%)
直链淀粉含量 AC (x11) 试样所含直链淀粉的质量占式样总质量的百分率(%)
The ratio of quality of amylose content to the total quality of the overall sample rice (%)
透明度 T (x12) 整精米籽粒的透明程度, 以稻米的相对透光率大小表示
Translucency degree of the head rice, represented by the relative transmittance of rice
生态性指标 氮肥利用率 NUE (x13) 氮肥偏生产力(籽粒产量/施氮量, kg kg-1)
Ecological indicator Nitrogen partial factor productivity (grain yield/nitrogen application level, kg kg-1)
磷肥利用率 PUE (x14) 磷肥偏生产力(籽粒产量/施磷量, kg kg-1)
Phosphate partial factor productivity (grain yield/phosphate application level, kg kg-1)
钾肥利用率 PUE2 (x15) 钾肥偏生产力(籽粒产量/施钾量, kg kg-1)
Potash partial factor productivity (grain yield/potash application level, kg kg-1)
水分利用率 WUE (x16) 籽粒产量/(降雨量-灌水量-排水量)(kg m-3)
Grain yield/(precipitation-irrigation-drainage) (kg m-3)
社会性指标 农药残留 PR (x17) 稻米中的农药残留量
Social indicator Amount of pesticide residues in rice
重金属含量 HM (x18) 稻米中的重金属镉含量(mg kg-1)
Cadmium content in rice (mg kg-1)

表2

特征值与方差贡献率"

特征值
Eigenvalue		 方差贡献率
Variance contribution rate		 累计方差贡献率
Accumulate variance contribution rate
主成分1 Principal component 1 2.786 0.310 0.310
主成分2 Principal component 2 1.725 0.192 0.501
主成分3 Principal component 3 1.393 0.155 0.656
主成分4 Principal component 4 1.170 0.130 0.786
主成分5 Principal component 5 0.782 0.087 0.873
主成分6 Principal component 6 0.630 0.070 0.943
主成分7 Principal component 7 0.311 0.035 0.977
主成分8 Principal component 8 0.199 0.022 0.999

表3

主成分载荷矩阵"

主成分1
Principal component 1		 主成分2
Principal component 2		 主成分3
Principal component 3		 主成分4
Principal component 4
有效穗 EP (ln X1) 0.474 0.144 -0.139
结实率 SSR (ln X2) 0.467 -0.305
抗倒伏性LR (ln X3) 0.420 -0.184 -0.173 -0.145
抗病虫性RID (ln X4) 0.109 0.523 -0.314 0.266
单产Y (ln X7) 0.449 0.306 -0.333
整精米率HR (ln X9) -0.182 0.363 0.115 0.679
垩白度CD (ln X10) 0.589 -0.340 -0.153
直链淀粉含量AC (ln X11) 0.103 0.571 -0.511
氮素利用效率NUE (ln X13) 0.347 0.553 0.375

表4

绿色超级稻品种综合评价结果"

品种
Variety		 综合得分
Score		 排序1
Rank 1		 排序2
Rank 2		 品种
Variety		 综合得分
Score		 排序1
Rank 1		 排序2
Rank 2
武运粳30 Wuyungeng 30 1.027 1 1 南粳9108 Nangeng 9108 0.978 8 2
甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 1.017 2 6 淮稻13 Huaidao 13 0.976 9 8
宁粳5号 Ninggeng 5 1.011 3 9 镇稻10号 Zhendao 10 0.965 10 5
武运粳24 Wuyungeng 24 1.007 4 4 扬粳4038 Yanggeng 4038 0.958 11 12
连粳7号Liangeng 7 1.003 5 11 宁粳1号 Ninggeng 1 0.888 12 10
甬优1540 Yongyou 1540 0.994 6 3 镇稻16 Zhendao 16 0.850 13 13
淮稻5号Huaidao 5 0.982 7 7

图1

绿色超级稻候选品种的聚类分析树状图 Zhendao 16: 镇稻16; Liangeng 7: 连粳7号; Wuyungeng 24: 武运粳24; Ninggeng 5: 宁粳5号; Zhendao 10: 镇稻10号; Huaidao 13: 淮稻13; Yanggeng 4038: 扬粳4038; Wuyungeng 30: 武运粳30; Nangeng 9108: 南粳9108; Ninggeng 1: 宁粳1号; Yongyou 1540: 甬优1540; Yongyou 2640: 甬优2640; Huaidao 5: 淮稻5号。"

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