ACC处理对不同基因型玉米幼苗响应氮素供给的调控效应

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.03047

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乙烯对玉米生长发育与形态建成具有重要调控作用, 但乙烯对玉米氮素吸收与积累调控效应缺乏深入研究, 局限了乙烯在玉米丰产高效栽培中的应用。本研究以郑单958、瑞福尔1号和德美亚3号3个玉米品种为试验材料, 比较研究不同基因型玉米植株对氮素供给的响应差异, 结合外源添加乙烯合成前体1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ACC), 分析乙烯对不同基因型玉米氮素吸收的调控效应。研究结果表明, 在低氮条件下, 氮素敏感型品种(德美亚3号和瑞福尔1号)比郑单958叶片缺氮表型明显, 对ACC处理敏感, 而且ACC处理抑制玉米植株地上和地下部的生长和干物质积累; ACC处理抑制了低氮下叶片叶绿素合成, 降低叶片可溶性蛋白积累, 促进玉米叶片早衰, 其中ACC处理郑单958叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量均显著高于德美亚3号和瑞福尔1号; 进一步研究发现, 低氮处理抑制乙烯合成关键酶基因ZmACS7和ZmACO15的表达, 降低乙烯含量, ACC处理促进低氮条件下ZmACS7和ZmACO15基因的表达, 提高乙烯含量; 低氮处理抑制玉米根系中ZmNRT2.1表达, 但ACC处理促进低氮下玉米根系中ZmNRT2.1表达, 其中郑单958根中ZmNRT2.1表达在低氮条件下显著高于德美亚3号和瑞福尔1号。研究结果表明乙烯通过调控玉米植株乙烯合成关键酶基因和ZmNRT2.1表达, 调节了氮素吸收与分配, 影响了植株生长, 其中氮素敏感性品种比持绿型品种对乙烯更为敏感。

关键词: 玉米, 基因型, 氮素吸收, 硝态氮, 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸

Abstract:

Ethylene plays an important role in the growth and morphological formation of maize, while little research is involved in the regulatory effects of ethylene on the nitrogen absorption and accumulation in maize, which limits the application of ethylene in high yield and efficient cultivation of maize production. In this study, three maize varieties (Zhengdan 958, Ruifuer 1, and Demeiya 3) were used as experimental materials to study the response of maize varieties with different nitrogen absorption efficiency under different nitrogen levels condition. Combined with the addition of the precursor of ethylene synthesize 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the regulation effects of ethylene on nitrogen uptake of different genotypes were analyzed in maize. The results showed that nitrogen-sensitive varieties (Ruifuer 1 and Demeiya 3) had more obvious phenotype of nitrogen deficiency than Zhengdan 958 under low nitrogen condition, and were more sensitive to ACC treatment. Moreover, ACC treatment repressed the growth and dry matter accumulation in the shoot and root of maize plants. ACC treatment decreased the chlorophyll content of leaves under low nitrogen, reduced the accumulation of soluble protein in leaves, and promoted the premature aging of maize leaves. Among them, the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein in Zhengdan 958 leaves with ACC treatment were significantly higher than those of Ruifuer 1 and Demeiya 3. Furthermore, low nitrogen treatment inhibited the expression of key enzymes (ZmACS7 and ZmACO15) in ethylene synthesis, while decreased the ethylene release rate. Thus, ACC treatment promoted the expression of ZmACS7 and ZmACO15 and enhanced ethylene release rate under low nitrogen treatments. Low nitrogen treatment inhibited the expression of ZmNRT2.1 in maize roots, but ACC treatment promoted the expression of ZmNRT2.1 in maize roots. In addition, the expression of ZmNRT2.1 in roots of Zhengdan 958 was significantly higher than those of Ruifuer 1 and Demeiya 3 under low nitrogen treatments. The results showed that ethylene regulated the uptake and distribution of nitrogen by regulating the key enzyme genes of ethylene synthesis and the expression of ZmNRT2.1 in maize which affected plants growth , and nitrogen-sensitive varieties were more sensitive to ethylene than green-holding variety.

Key words: maize, genotype, nitrogen absorption, nitrate nitrogen, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

吴冰卉, 王桂萍, 王玉斌, 李召虎, 张明才. ACC处理对不同基因型玉米幼苗响应氮素供给的调控效应[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(5): 799-806.

WU Bing-Hui, WANG Gui-Ping, WANG Yu-Bin, LI Zhao-Hu, ZHANG Ming-Cai. Regulation of ACC treatment on nitrogen supply response of maize seedlings with different genotypes[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2021, 47(5): 799-806.

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链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.03047

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2021/V47/I5/799

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引物名称 Primer name	正向引物 Forward primer (5°-3°)	反向引物 Reverse primer (5°-3°)
ZmUbiquitin	CTGGTGCCCTCTCTCCATATGG	CAACACTGACACGACTCATGACA
ZmACO15	AGCGGCGGCGACGCATACC	GGAGATGACTTGGGCGCTGCAA
ZmACS7	CGACGCCTTATTACCCAGCT	AGGGGTTGGTGATGAGGATG
ZmNRT2.1	GGCTACATCACCGTCAGGTT	CGATGATCTTGCTGCTGAAC
ZmNRT1.1a	TGGGATTCTTCGTCAGCTCC	GCCTTGTACTTGTACCAGCG