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作物学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (03): 537-544.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2011.00537

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

超高产栽培杂交中籼稻的生长发育特性

潘圣刚1,2,黄胜奇1,张帆1,汪金平1,蔡明历1,曹凑贵1,*,唐湘如2,黎国喜2   

  1. 1 华中农业大学作物栽培与生理生态研究中心，湖北武汉430070；2 华南农业大学农学院，广东广州510642
  • 收稿日期:2010-08-21 修回日期:2010-12-12 出版日期:2011-03-12 网络出版日期:2011-01-17

Growth and Development Characteristics of Super-High-Yielding Mid-Season Indica Hybrid Rice

PAN Sheng-Gang1,2,HUANG Sheng-Qi1,ZHANG Fan1,WANG Jing-Ping1,CAI Ming-Li1,CAO Cou-Gui1,*,TANG Xiang-Ru2,LI Guo-Xi2   

  1. 1 Crop Production and Physiology Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; 2 College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2010-08-21 Revised:2010-12-12 Published:2011-03-12 Published online:2011-01-17

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被引次数

35

摘要： 以5个杂交中籼稻品种(含品系)扬两优6号、P88S/747、珞优8号、珞优234和天两优2号为材料，研究大田条件下超高产水平(产量≥12.0 t hm-2)的物质生产、产量构成及养分吸收特性。试验结果表明，与高产水稻(产量≥9.0 t hm-2)相比，超高产水稻具有以下特征，幼穗分化期、齐穗期和灌浆结实期(齐穗后10 d) LAI大，分别为6.5~7.2、8.5~8.9和6.5~7.0；齐穗期的高效叶面积比率高，为60.0%~66.5%；齐穗期、灌浆期和成熟期积累较多的干物质，分别为13.5~15.0、15.0~16.0和25.0~28.0 t hm-2；分蘖盛期对氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)吸收利用优势不明显，而幼穗分化期、齐穗期和成熟期对N、P、K 吸收利用高而且积累速度快。此外，具有穗数多(有效穗数介于250×104 ~290×104 穗 hm-2)、结实率高(88.2%~92.3%)、千粒重大(29.0~31.0 g)的特点。

关键词: 杂交中籼稻, 超高产, 叶面积指数, 生物量, 养分吸收

Abstract:  In order to study the characteristics of super high yielding (yield ≥ 12.0 t ha-1) of mid-season indica hybrid rice cultivars in nutrition absorption, dry matter production and yield formation, we grew five rice cultivars (including lines), Yangliangyou 6, P88S/747, Luoyou 8, Luoyou 234 and Tianliangyou 2 in paddy fields. The leaf area index (LAI) at panicle initiation stage, heading stage and grain filling stage of super-high-yield rice was significantly higher than that of the high-yield rice (CK, Yangliangyou 6, grain yield ≥9.0 t ha-1), which was in the range of 6.5–7.2, 8.5–8.9, and 6.5–7.0, respectively. The ratio of high effective leaf area to total leaf area at the heading stage was higher than that of CK, which was in the range of 60.0%–66.5%. Super high yielding rice had more dry matter accumulation than CK at the heading stage, grain filling stage and maturity stage, which was in the range of 13.5–15.0, 15.0–16.0, and 25.0–28.0 t ha-1, respectively. Super-high-yield rice did not show any advantage in the absorption of N, P and K at mid-tillering stage compared with CK, however, had noticeable advantage in that at panicle initiation stage, heading stage and maturity stage. Furthermore, super high yield rice had more productive panicles, higher seed setting rate and grain weight in comparison with CK, which were in the range of 250×104–290×104 panicles per ha, 88.2%–92.3% and 29.0–31.0 g, respectively.

Key words: Mid-season indica hybrid rice, Super-high-yield, Leaf area index, Biomass, Nutrition absorption

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